SMART MATERIALS

BY
MD. AZMAT RAHMAN
1735140020
IV B.TECH(MECHANICAL)
KRISHNA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
 OVERVIEW

 INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY
 TYPES OF SMART MATERIALS
 PROPERTIES
 APPLICATIONS
 PROS & CONS
 INTRODUCTION

 Material that can change one or more of its

properties in response to an external stimulus
is called smart materials.
 For example, the shape of the material will
change in response to different temperature
or application of electrical charge or presence
of magnetic field.
 HISTORY

 Most of smart materials have been

discovered around 55 years ago, but they
were not exploited to get the benefits which
they possess.
TYPES OF SMART MATERIALS

 PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS
 SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
 MAGNETOSTRICTIVE MATERIALS
 pH-SENSITIVE POLYMERS
 HALOCHROMIC MATERIALS
 PHOTO MECHANICAL MATERIALS
 SELF-HEALING MATERIALS
 PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS

 Piezoelectric materials are able to convert

mechanical energy into electric energy and
vice versa.
 Example: Quartz; Aluminum Nitride; Barium
Titanate; Gallium Phosphate; Lead

Quartz Gallium Phosphate

 SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY

 A shape-memory alloy (SMA,) is an alloy that

"remembers" its original shape and that when
deformed returns to its predeformed shape
when heated.
 Example: Ag-Cd, Ni-Fe-Ga, Ti-Nb etc….
MAGNETOSTRICTIVE MATERIALS

 These materials exhibit change in shape

under the influence of magnetic field and also
exhibit change in their magnetization under
the influence of mechanical stress.
 Examples: Cobalt,Terfenol-D
 pH-SENSITIVE POLYMERS
•pH-sensitive polymers are materials
that change in volume when the pH of
the surrounding medium changes.
•Ex: dextran, hyaluronic acid
There are two kinds of pH sensitive materials:

Acidic group (-COOH, -SO3H)

Basic group(-NH2)
 HALOCHROMIC MATERIALS

 These materials are commonly used

materials that changes their colour as a result
of changing pH or say acidity.
 Halochromic substances may be used as
indicators to determine the pH of solutions of
unknown pH
 Ex:  pH indicators 
PHOTO MECHANICAL MATERIALS

 These materials change their shape when

they are exposed to light.
 The photomechanical effect was first
documented by ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
in 1880.
 SELF-HEALING MATERIALS

 Some materials have ability to heal after

being wounded.
 Self-healing materials have the natural ability
to repair damage due to abnormal usage and
so increase the material's useful lifetime.
 Example:- polymers, ceramics 12Terminator
 PROPERTIES

 Sensing materials and devices

 Actuation materials and devices
 Control devices and techniques
 Self-detection, self-diagnostic
 Self-corrective, self-controlled, self-healing
 Shock-absorbers, damage arrest
 APPLICATIONS
 Smart Fabric
 Smart Aircraft
 Sporting Goods
 Smart Dust
 Reducing vibration of
helicopter blades
 Robotics
 Medical Surgeries
 Security
 And many
others…………………
 PROS & CONS
PROS
 Bio-compatibility CONS
 Simplicity  More expensive
 Compactness  Low energy
 Safety mechanism efficiency
 Good mechanical  Complex control
properties  Limited bandwidth
THANK YOU