SCR DeNOx System

Le Huy Minh
Nguyen Quang Huy
Process general description Confidential

What is SCR DeNox?

A catalytic process for reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in flue gases.
Process general description Confidential

Chemical reactions
At T > 200°C
4 NO + 4 NH3 + O2  4 N2 + 6 H2O
6 NO2 + 8 NH3  7 N2 + 12 H2O
NO + NO2 + 2NH3  N2 + 3H2O

A minor amount of the SO2 is oxidized according to the

following scheme:
2 SO2 + O2  2 SO3
Process general description Confidential

Catalyst (by Haldor Topsøe Vendor)

- DeNOx catalysts are based on a porous, fibre-
reinforced titanium dioxide (TiO2) carrier.
- The carrier is homogeneously impregnated with the
SCR-active components, tungsten trioxide (WO3) and
vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)
Process general description Confidential

Ammonia salt
Ammonia may react with the sulfur trioxide (SO3) in
the flue gas and form ammonium-bisulfate (ABS),
which tend to block & plug surfaces, and condense in
the pores of the catalyst at low temperatures, causing
temporary reduction of catalyst activity.
Process general description Confidential

Ammonia salt
Upstream the SCR
• High concentration of NH3 because the AIG (Ammonia
injection grid) injects ammonia directly into the flue gas.
• During startup, the ammonia injection will only be started
when the flue gas temperature is above 325 °C to avoid
plugging of the SCR.
• During operation, the operator will receive an alarm if the flue
gas temperature upstream the SCR drops below this specified
temperature to take action.
Process general description Confidential

Ammonia salt
Downstream the SCR.
• ABS can also form downstream the SCR when the flue gas
temperature drops below a certain temperature.
• To reduce salt formation downstream the WHB, the economizer
is designed to operate with a minimum flue gas temperature of
230 °C.
• A small amount of ammonium salts will deposit on the cold
economizer tubes during the initial weeks of operation and
stabilize.
• To protect the economizer from acid corrosion of the
hygroscopic ammonium salts after shutdown, water washing of
the tubes is advised directly after going out of operation.
Process general description Confidential

Operation condition
Catalyst should be kept at minimum 10°C above the
condensation temperature of ABS.

Parameter Value
Maximum continuous: 425°C
Minimum inlet: 330°C
Process general description Confidential

Cause
No supply of ammonia solution (25%) to AIG
No supply of service air to AIG
No supply of utility HP steam to air heater
upstream vaporizer AIG

Effect
Loss of ammonia injection causes malfunction of the
SCR
Aqueous Ammonia System Confidential

Amonia

Plant Air

HPS
Vaporized
Amonia
Air

Condensate
Aqueous Ammonia System Confidential
Mechanical Distribution Manifold Confidential

The manifold has nine (9) piping

terminations. There is a 16” NB
ammonia/dilution air mixture
inlet connection is location on the
end of the manifold.

There are eight (8) 10”NB

connections on the top of the
manifold, which supply
ammonia/dilution air mixture to
the Ammonia Injection Grid
Mini-Headers. 8 differential
pressure gauges (FG6312 to
FG6319) are to be installed on
each of the 10”NB connection
pipes. Each differential pressure
gauge is supplied with mounting
hardware.
Mechanical AIG Confidential

There are twenty three (23) ammonia

injection grid lances. Each lance
terminates with a 4”NB Raised Face Weld
Neck Flange. Each lance flange bolts to a
corresponding 4”NB Raised Face Weld
Neck Flange which is part of the mini
distribution header assembly. There are
eight (8) min-header assemblies, seven (7)
of which have 3 No. 4”NB connection
flanges and one (1) which has 2 No. 4”NB
connection flanges.

Each lance is supported on the opposite

side of the ductwork by a support tube
(not in FlowVision scope of supply). The
lances should not be welded to the support
tubes as they must be allowed to move
freely to accommodate thermal growth.
Structure of NH3 injection nozzles Confidential
Structure of NH3 injection nozzles Confidential

Flexible hose

Camlock Ball valve

Compressing fitting
Structure of NH3 injection nozzles Confidential
 Confidential

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