Topic: ILOKANO CULTURE, TRADITIONS AND DIALECT

Class Duration: Three (3) hours

Objectives:
1. Learn Ilokano culture, Traditions and dialects
2. Distinguish Ilokano Sounds/pronunciation from other dialects.
3. Familiarize common SIlokano words and phrases.
3. Sustain the unique pronunciation of Ilokano words.
5. Develope ability to convere using Ilokano words and phrases.
6. Advocate the use of Ilokano words as a means of promoting public
safety and effective law enforcement.
I. Vocabulary :

1. colloquial- used in ordinary or familiar conversation.

2.Austronesian- relating to or denoting a family of languages

spoken in an area extending from Madagascar in the west to
pacific island in the west.
I. Vocabulary :

3. lingua franca- a language that is adopted as a common

language between speakers whose native language are different.

4. demonym- is a word that identifies residents or natives of a

particular place, usually derived from the name of the place or
that of an ethnic group.
II. Ilokano Dialect background

⮚It is the third most-spoken native language in the country.

⮚The Ilokano people had their own distinct indigenous writing
system and script known as kur-itan.
⮚An Austronesian language, a very expansive language family
believed to originate in Taiwan.
II. Ilokano Dialect background

⮚A lingua franca of the northern region of the Philippines, it is

spoken as a secondary language by more than two million people
who are native speakers of Ibanag, Ivatan, and other languages in
Northern Luzon.
⮚The language is spoken in northwest Luzon, the Babuyan
Islands, Cordillera Administrative Region, Cagayan Valley, northern
parts of Central Luzon, Mindoro and scattered areas in Mindanao
II. Ilokano Dialect background

⮚A lingua franca of the northern region of the Philippines, it is

spoken as a secondary language by more than two million
people who are native speakers of Ibanag, Ivatan, and other
languages in Northern Luzon.
II. Ilokano Dialect background

⮚It is the third most spoken non-English language in Hawaii after

Tagalog and Japanese, with 17% of those speaking languages
other than English at home (25.4% of the population) speaking
the language.
II. Ilokano Dialect background

⮚In September 2012, the province of La Union passed an

ordinance recognizing Ilocano (Iloko) as an official provincial
language, alongside Filipino and English, as national and official
languages of the Philippines, respectivelyIn September 2012,
the province of La Union passed an ordinance recognizing
Ilocano (Iloko) as an official provincial language, alongside
Filipino and English, as national and official languages of the
Philippines, respectively.
III. History

⮚ During precolonial, Ilocano people of all classes wrote in a

syllabic system known as Baybayin prior to European arrival.
⮚ They used a system that is termed as an abugida, or an
alphasyllabary.
⮚ In recent times, there have been two systems in use: The
"Spanish" system and the "Tagalog" system.
III. History

⮚ In 1897, Ilokano was recognized by the Commission on the

Filipino Language as one of the major languages of
the Philippines.
⮚ In 2009, the Philippine Department of Education instituted
department order 74, s. 2009 stipulating that "mother tongue-
based multilingual education" would be implemented.
⮚ In 2012, department order 16, s. 2012 stipulated that the mother
tongue-based multilingual system was to be implemented for
kindergarten to grade 3 effective school year 2012-2013.

⮚  Ilocano was used in public schools mostly in the Ilocos region

and the Cordilleras.

⮚ It is the primary medium of instruction from kindergarten to

grade 3 (except for the Filipino and English subjects) and is also a
separate subject from grade 1 to grade 3.
 IV. Ilokano Culture and Festivities

⮚ Ilocandia has a rich culture reminiscent of colonial times. Vigan,

the colonial metropolis and considered as the “Intramuros of the
North”, still retains the Castillan colonial architecture of the times.
Lined along its narrow and cobble-stoned streets are old Spanish-
type houses (commonly called Vigan house), most of which have
been left abandoned.
 IV. Ilokano Culture and Festivities

⮚ The churches of the Ilocos Region are the enduring symbol of the
triumphant transformation of the Ilocano from being practitioners
of indigenous religions to practitioners of theistic Christianity.
⮚ Some of its most impressive churches are: the Vigan Cathedral in
Ilocos Sur with its massive hand-carved images of the via crucis;
that of Magsingal (also in Ilocos Sur) with its centuries-old wooden
altar; the St. Augustine Church in Paoay (Ilocos Norte) which takes
the form of a baroque-type built with massive buttresses; and Sta.
Maria Church (Ilocos Sur), nestled atop a hill with a stone stairway
of 80 steps, are both listed in the UNESCO World Heritage sites.
⮚ Dances were mainly a reflection of the gracious ways of the
Ilocano. The dinaklisan (a dance common to fisher folks), the
agabel (a weaver’s dance) and the agdamdamili (a pot dance)
illustrate in simple steps the ways of the industrious Ilocano. Other
popular dances among the Ilocanos are Tadek, Habanera,
Comintan, Saimita, Kinotan, Kinnalogong.
V. QUICK FACTS

ILOCOS NORTE AND ILOCOS SUR, the twin hearts of Ilocano culture, are
rugged and rocky, its narrow plains hemmed in by the mountains and the sea.

Ilocos Norte, its capital being Laoag, is bounded by China Sea in the North;
and Luzon Sea in the West. Its population of 482,651 (as of 1995) speak
generally in Ilocano and English and has a land area of 3,399 square kilometers.

Ilocos Sur, its capital being Vigan, has a land area of 3,399 square kilometers
and is bounded by Ilocos Norte in the North; Benguet, Abra, Mt. Province in the
East, La Union in the South and China Sea in the West. Its 545,385 people (as of
1995) speak fluently in Ilocano, English and Filipino.
V. QUICK FACTS

LA UNION, its capital being San Fernando City, is bounded by Ilocos Sur
in the North; Benguet in the East; Pangasinan in the South and China Sea in the
West, has a land area of 1,493 square kilometer. It has a population of 597,442
(1995) and people speak in Ilocano, Tagalog and English.
VI. Numbers
Number Native Ilokano Spanish-derived
0 ibbong,awan nulo, sero
1 maysa uno
2 dua dos
3 tallo tres
4 uppat kwatro
5 lima singko
6 innem says (sáyis)
7 pito site (siyéte)
8 walo otso
9 siam nuybe (nuwébe)
10 sangapulo (lit. a group of ten) dyes (diyés)
 Number Native Cebuano Spanish-derived
11 sangapulo ket maysa onse
20 duapulo bainte
50 limapulo singkuenta
100 sangagasut (lit. a group of one sien, siento
hundred)
1,000 sangaribo (lit. a group of one mil
thousand)
10,000 sangalaksa (lit. a group of ten dies mil
thousand)
1,000,000 sangariwriw (lit. a group of one milion
million)
1,000,000,000 sangabilion (American English, bilion
billion)
VII. Days of the Week
Monday Lunes
Tuesday Martes
Wednesday Mierkoles
Thursday Huebes
Friday Biernes
Saturday Sabado
Sunday Dominggo
VIII. Months
English Ilokano English Ilokano
January Enero July Hulio
February Pebrero August Agosto

March Marso September Septiembre

April Abril October Oktubre

May Mayo November Nobiembre

June Hunio December Disiembre

IX. Units of Time
second kanitosegundo

minute darasminuto
hour oras

day aldaw
week lawasdominggo (lit. Sunday)
month bulan
year tawenanio
X. To mention time.
Mixture of Spanish and Ilokano:
⮚ 1:00 a.m.  A la una iti bigat (One in the morning)
⮚ 2:30 p.m.  A las dos imedia iti malem (in Spanish, A las
dos y media de la tarde or "half past two in the
afternoon")
⮚ 6:00 p.m  Alas sais iti sardang (six in the evening)
⮚ 7:00 p.m  Alas siete iti rabii (seven in the evening)
⮚ 12:00 noon  Alas dose iti pangaldaw (twelve noon)
VIII. Ilokano Commonly Used Words
Ilokano English
1. abay -beside; wedding party
2. abalayan -parents-in-law
3. adal -study (Southern dialect)
4. adda -affirming the presence or existence of a
person, place, or object
5. ading -younger sibling; can also be applied to
someone who is younger than the speaker
6. ala -to take
7. ammo -know
8. anus -perseverance, patience (depends on the
usage)
9. anya -what/what is it
10. apan -go; to go
Ilokano English
11. apa - fight, argument; ice cream cone
12. apay -why
13. apong -grandparent
14. apong -grandmother
baket/lilang/lola
15. apong -grandfather
lakay/lilong/lolo
16. aramid -build, work (Southern dialect)
17. aysus! ay apo -oh, Jesus/oh, my God!
18. baak -ancient; old
19. bado -clothes
20. bagi -one’s body; ownership
Ilokano English
21. balong same as baro
22. bangles spoiled food
23. baga (to) tell/speak
24. bagtit/mauyong crazy/bad word in Ilokano, drunk
person, meager
25. balasang young female/lass
26. balatong mung beans
27. balong infant/child
28. bangsit stink/unpleasant/spoiled
29. baro young male/lad
30. basa study (Northern dialect); read
(Southern dialect)
Ilokano English
41. basang same as balasang
42. bassit few, small, tiny
43. kabarnaro new
44. basol fault, wrongdoing, sin
45. baut spank
46. bayag slow
47. binting 25 cents/quarter
48. dadael destroy/ruin
49. (ma)damdama later
50. danon to arrive at
Ilokano English
51. diding/taleb  wall
52. dumanon come
53. kiaw/amarilio yellow
54. buneng bladed tool / sword
55. gasto spend
56. ganus unripe
57. gaw-at reach
58. (ag)gawid go home
59. giddan simultaneous
60. iggem holding
Ilokano English
61. ikkan to give
62. inipis cards
63. inton/intono bigat tomorrow
64. kaanakan niece / nephew
65. kabalio horse
66. kabatiti loofah
67. kalub cover
68. kanayon always
69. karuba neighbor
70. kayat want
Ilokano English
71. kayumanggi-kunig yellowish brown
72.kibin   hold hands
73.kigtut  startle
74.kuddot/keddel  pinch
75.kumá / komá  hoping for
76.ina/inang/nanang  mother
77.lastog  boast/arrogant
78.lag-an  light/not heavy
79.laing / sirib  intelligence
80.lawa / nalawa  wide
Ilokano English
81.lugan vehicle
82.madi  hate
83.manang older sister or relative; can also be
applied to women a little older than
the speaker
84.manó how many/how much
85.manong older brother or relative; can also be
applied to men a little older than the
speaker
86.mare  female friend/mother
87.met  also, too
88.obra work (Northern dialect)
89.naimbag nga good morning
agsapa
90.naapgad salty
Ilokano English

91.nagasang, naadat spicy

92.(na)pintas  beautiful/pretty (woman)
93.(na)ngato  high/above/up
94.panaw  leave
95.pare  close male friend
96.padi  priest
97.(na)peggad danger(ous)
98.(ag) perdi (to) break/ruin/damage
99.pigis tear
100.pigsa strength; strong
Ilokano English

1.pustaan bet, wager

2.pimmusay(en)  died
3.riing  wake up
4.rigat   hardship
5.rugi  start
6.rugit  dirt/not clean
7.ruot  weed/s
8.rupa  face
9.ruar  outside
10.sagad  broom
Ilokano English
11.sala dance
12.sang-gol  arm wrestling
13.sapul  find; need
14.(na)sakit  (it) hurts
15.sida  noun for fish, main dish, side
dish, viand
16.siit  fish bone/thorn
17.(na)singpet  kind/obedient
18.suli  corner
19.(ag)surat  (to) write
20.tadem  sharpness (use for tools)
Ilokano English
31.takaw steal
32.takrot/tarkok  coward/afraid
33.tangken  hard (texture)
34.tinnag  fall down
35.(ag)tokar   to play music or a musical
instrument
36.torpe  rude
37.tudo  rain
38.(ag)tugaw  (to) sit
39.tugawan  anything to sit on
40.tugaw  chair, seat
Ilokano English
41.tuno grill
42.(na)tawid  inherit(ed)
43.ubing  kid; baby; child
44.umay  welcome
45.unay  very much
46.uliteg  uncle
47.uray  even though/wait
48.uray siak met  me too; even I/me
49.ulo  head
50.upa  hen
51.utong   string beans
52.utot  mouse/rat
53.uttot  fart
End of Presentation
Quiz: Copy and translate into Ilokanono dialect.
1) One -
2) Six -
3) Ten -
4) Second -
5) Minute -
6) Hour -
7) What? -
8) Why? -
9) Mother -
10) Father -