ULTRASONIC MOTOR

Guided by Submitted by
Er. Deepak Ku. Sahoo Susanta Sarkar
Regd. 0901219210
Branch: EEE,7th Sem
 CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PIEZOELECTRIC NOTION
3. PIEZOELCRIC MOTOR NOTION
4. BASIC PRINCIPLE
5. CONSTRUCTION
6. TYPES
7. MAJOR APPLICATION
8. MERITS AND DEMERITS
9. CONLUSION
10. REFERENCE
INTRODUCTION

 It has been known for more than 30 years.

 The first ultrasonic motor was introduce by
v.v lavrinko in 1965.
 Conversion of electric energy into motion by
inverse piezoelectric effect.
 This motor achieves high speed and drive
forces,while still permitting the moving part
to be positioned with high accuracy.
PIEZOELECTRIC NOTION

 Piezoelectricity – generation of voltage in response of

mechanical stress.
 The word is derived from the Greek piezein, which means
to squeeze or press.
 This effect is also reversible.
 Deformation is only 0.1 % of the original dimension.
 Piezoelectric material- quartz(SiO2), barium titanate
(BaTiO3).
PIEZOELECTRIC MOTOR NOTION

 Change in shape of piezoelectric material when electric

field is applied.
 It can be abbreviated as USM.
 It is driven by ultrasonic vibration of transducer.
 The ultrasonic vibration is transformed into output torque
(in rotary USM) or thrust (in linear USM) by the friction
between the stator and the rotor (in rotary USM) or the
moving part (in linear USM).
 BASIC PRINCIPLE

 generation of gross mechanical motion through the

amplification and repetition of micro-deformations
of active material.
 The active material induces an orbital motion of the
stator at the rotor contact points .
 frictional interface between the rotor and stator
rectifies the micro-motion to produce macro-motion
of the ROTOR.
 Working frequency-20 KHz to 10 MHz
 Amplitude of the actuator motion – 20 to 200nm
 BASIC PRINCIPLE

•The active material excites a

traveling flexural wave within
the stator that leads to elliptical
motion of the surface particles.
•Teeth are used to enhance the
speed that is associated with the
propelling effect of these
particles.
•The rectification of the micro-
motion an interface is provided
by pressing the rotor on top of
the stator and the frictional force
between the two causes the rotor
to spin.
 Construction

Fundamental construction of USM

Ultrasonic motor by barth
TYPES OF ULTRASONIC MOTOR

Ultrasonic motor

Standing wav e

bidirec tional
Traveling wave
unidire ctiona l
STANDING WAVE USM
Standing wave USM

 Representation u( x, t) = A coskx coswt

 It is also referred as vibratory coupler type or
wood pecker type.
Standing wave USM

 Low cost
 one vibration source
 Unidirectional
 High efficiency
TRAVELING WAVE USM

 Superposition of multiple standing wave

create a traveling wave.
 Representation of travelling wave
U(x ,p)= A cos(k x) cos(wt) + A cos(k x - 90)
cos (wt-90).
 Phase difference is 90 degree
Travelling wave USM

 Requires two vibrating source

 Low efficiency.
BIDIRECTIONAL MOTOR

 For linear motion bidirectional drives are required .

 More than two actuators are used.
 These actuators must have some phase difference
 It can be obtained by superimposing to oscillations
in a single resonator.
 Stator is hybrid construction consisting of several
actuators.
 MAJOR APPLICATION

 Camera auto focus lenses

 Driving fluid
 Watch motors and compact
paper handling.
 Optoelectronics area
 In micro surgery and sensor
scaning.
Merits Demerits

 Low cost  Use of high frequency

 High efficiency power supply
 No magnetic  Less durability
interference  Drooping torque speed
 Compact size characteristic.
 High power/weight
ratio.
CONCLUSION

 These motors are very advantageous.

 Electromagnetic interference is not there.
 It is in great demand in the area automation
and miniaturization.
 These motors are low cost
REFERENCE

 www.google.com
 www.yahoo.com
 www.slideworld.com
 www.pdf-searchengine.com
 www.ask.com
 http://www.americanpiezo.com/piezo_theory
/piezo_theory.pdf
THANK YOU