Factors Affecting Solution

Formation
Types of Solutions
Solubility Curves
Unit 8 – Solutions
Chapter 15
 Solution Formation
Factors that affect solution formation
• Temperature
– Usually an increase in temperature
means and increase in solubility (more
solute dissolves)
• Except for gases. The increase in
temperature means less solubility for a gas.

• *A higher temperature means the solute will

dissolve faster due to more collisions
between solvent and solute molecules
 Increase in Surface Area
• Solute that is crushed in smaller pieces will
dissolve faster than big chunks. More contact
between solute and solvent.

Agitation
• Mixing of solution will increase number of
collisions of solute and solvent molecules.

• In general, anything that increases contact

between solute and solvent will increase
solubility!
Pressure- (For Dissolved Gases Only)
• Increase in pressure will increase the
solubility of a gas in a liquid
 Types of Solutions
• Unsaturated Solutions – Solutions that can
still dissolve more solute.
• Saturated Solutions – Solutions that have
dissolved as much as they possibly can.
Any more solute added would settle at the
bottom and not dissolve.
• Supersaturated Solutions - Solutions that
contain even more dissolved solute than
saturated solutions.
– Can happen when some solvent evaporates from
a saturated solution. It will form crystals when
the solution is disturbed.
 SOLUBILITY CURVES
• Solubility – The amount of solute
required to form a saturated solution
with a specific amount of solvent at a
specific temperature.

• Expressed as
grams of solute/100 grams of solvent
 Examples
• The solubility of NaCl in water at
80oC is 40grams/100 grams of water
• How many grams of NaCl should
dissolve in 250 grams of water at 80oC?

250 grams H2O 40 grams NaCl

100 grams H2O

= 100 grams NaCl will dissolve

 Things to remember when
reading a solubility curve graph
• The line of the curve represents a
saturated solution for that temperature.

• Above this line means you have a

supersaturated solution.

• Below this line means you have an

unsaturated solution.
1. If you dissolve 40 grams
of KCl in 100 grams of water
at 80oC, what type of
solution will you have?

-Unsaturated

2. If you dissolve 70grams

of NH4Cl in 100 grams of
water at 50oC, what type of
solution will you have?
- Super saturated

3. If you dissolve 20 grams

of KClO3 in 100 grams of
water at 50oC, what type of
solution will you have?

- Saturated (on the line)