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 WEEK 2-3

Recognize that Substances

are Classified Into
Elements and Compounds
 Watch the video of physical and chemical change.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BgM3e8YZxuc

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Essential Questions:
What is the difference between
elements, compounds, and mixtures?
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=atcrgTH_ul4

1. What do you think an element is?

 ELEMENTS SONG https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uy0m7jnyv6U

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 Elements and Compounds

Dmitri Mendeleev
• Russian chemist and inventor
• Formulated the Periodic Law
• Arranged the periodic table by
atomic weight and similar properties
I am Dmitri Mendeleev!

I made the PERIODIC TABLE !

 Elements and Compounds

Matter

How is matter
classified?  Pure
Substance
Mixture

Compoun
Element
d
 Elements and Compounds

Matter
• Everything around you
• Anything that has mass and
takes up space
• Atoms and molecules are all
composed of matter.
• Can be solid, liquid, or gas
 What is an Element?
•  It is found on the Periodic Table like:

It is identified by a chemical symbol

• The first letter is always capitalized
• The second letter (if it has one) is lower case
• There are 90 naturally occurring elements and over 2400 elements in the world
 

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 Elements and Compounds

Element
• A pure substance that cannot
be broken down into any
other substance.
• It is represented on the Au
periodic table by a symbol.
Au
• Ex: Au is Gold Au

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 Elements
Common Examples
Elements are represented by their chemical symbol.
One letter stands for one atom.
Common Elements you need to know:
C = carbon
H = hydrogen
O = oxygen
N = nitrogen
S= sulfur
 Elements
How Are They Named?
All known elements are listed on the periodic table.
Some are named after people, places, or from Latin
or Greek names.
Since there are only 26 letters in our alphabet a
systematic way to write their symbols was
developed.
 Elements
3 Naming Rules
Rule 1 – PRINT all symbols
Rule 2 – If there is only 1 letter, that letter is
always a capital. Ex: H for hydrogen
Rule 3 – If there are 2 letters, the 1st letter is a
capital and the 2nd is a lower case. Ex: He for helium
An element is a substance that is made from one kind
of atom only. It cannot be broken down into simpler
substances.
atom atom

An element
An element
 Elements and Compounds

Mixture
• A combination of many
different elements
• Not chemically
combined
• Can be separated
• Ex: Trail mix

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 Elements and Compounds

Compounds
• A substance formed when two
or more elements have
chemically combined through a
chemical reaction to form a
new substance
• It is represented by a chemical Cl
H
formula. O
H
Na
• Ex: NaCl - Sodium Chloride
(salt)
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 A compound is a substance that is made from 2 or
more elements.

atom atom

A compound made up of 2 A compound made up of 7

different elements different elements
 A compound can be broken down into elements

An element

An element
A compound made up of 3 different
elements

An element
 Elements and Compounds

Molecule   
• 2 or more atoms bonded together
• Represents the smallest particle in a chemical
compound that can take place in a chemical
reaction.
• Has the same chemical properties of that element
or compound.
• Some molecules consist of two atoms of the
same element.
• Ex. O2
• Other molecules consists of two or more atoms.
• Ex. H2O

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 Elements and Compounds

Counting elements in a
compound/molecule

• Count the number of different Na2O

capital letters or element
symbols in the compound.
1 - Na 1-O

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 Elements VS Compounds
• Elements • Compound
•Must be on periodic • NOT on the periodic table
table • Represented by a chemical
•Represented by one formula of 2 or more
chemical symbol only, elements
can be one or two letters • Combination of elements
•Pure substance creates a new substance with
different properties
•Atom is smallest unit
• Pure substance
• Molecule is smallest unit.
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 Elements Around Us
• We will be identifying common elements that belong in
each of the 4 categories of Earth:

• Earths’ Crust
• Atmosphere
• Oceans
• Living Bodies
Earths’ Crust

– Oxygen 47%
– Silicon 28%
– Aluminum 8%
– Iron 5%
– Calcium 3%
– Others 9%
Atmosphere

– Oxygen 21%
– Nitrogen 78%
– Others 1%
Ocean Water
Ocean = 97% water & 3% gases
– Oxygen 85%
– Hydrogen 10%
– Chlorine 2%
– Sodium 1%
– Others 2%

Let’s really look at the these elements. Anyone know what

compounds they make?
Living Things

– Oxygen 24%
– Carbon 11%
– Hydrogen 59%
– Nitrogen 4%
– Calcium 2%
– Phosphorus
Common Compounds

Common Compounds you need to know:

CO2: carbon dioxide
CO: carbon monoxide
H2O: water
NaCl: sodium chloride
C6H12O6: glucose
CaCO3: calcium carbonate
SiO2: silicon dioxide
Let’s Practice

– Can you identify elements and compounds?

– Can you name the elements?

Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

Ag
 Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

Ag - silver
Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

NO2
 Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

NO2 - Nitrogen
dioxide
Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

Na
 Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

Na - sodium
Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

NaCl
Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

NaCl- sodium
chloride
Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

Fe
Is this an element or compound? How do you know?
List the elements.

Fe- Iron
 Check for Understanding

Can you…
Differentiate between
elements, compounds, and
mixtures?

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