Clarity of Learning

Target
Reporter:
IBARRETA, RUBILYN O.
BSED-FILIPINO 3
 LEARNING TARGET

✓a statement of student performance that

includes both a description of what students
should know, understand, and be able to do
at the end of a unit of instruction.

✓something that can be observed through

the behavior of students.
 Learning Target

✓Educational Goal

- a very general statement of what students will

know and be able to know.
 LEARNING TARGET

✓Educational Objective

- specific statements of student performance that

should be demonstrated at the end of the
instructional unit.
Elements of Highly Precise Performance
Objectives:

1. Performance
2. Criterion
3. Condition
 1. Performance

a description of the behavior that

learners are expected to perform.

describes what the learner will be

doing when demonstrating mastery of
an objective.
✓Performance
 Poor Examples:
• Be able to understand mathematics.
• Develop an appreciation of music.
• Be able to know the concept of diffusion.
• Be able to familiarize indefinite pronouns.
 ✓Performance

 Good Examples:
• Be able to dance tinikling.
• Be able to interview licensed teachers.
• Be able to paint a picture of a mountain.
• Be able to write an application letter.
2. Criterion

a description of the criteria for

acceptance of a performance as
sufficient, indicating mastery of the
objective.
emphasizes time limits, accuracy, and
quality.
3. Condition

a description of the circumstances

under which the performance will be
carried out.
includes a description of what will be
available to learners when they
perform the desired behavior.
Condition Examples:

• Using a metric ruler...

• Given a set of whole numbers...
• Without the aid of class notes...
• Using only a screwdriver...
• Given a list of chemical elements...
 ✓Here are some examples of objectives with
conditions:

1. Given a product and a prospective customer, be able

to describe the key features of the product. (The
performance is to occur in the presence of a product
and a customer - these are the conditions that will
influence the nature of the performance.)

2. Given a bicycle and a flat street, be able to ride the

bike to the end and back. (The conditions that will
influence the performance are the bike and the flat
street.)
 Learning outcomes are statements of
performance:

Create
Evaluate
Analyze
Apply
Understand
Remember
LEARNING TARGETS AND ASSESSMENT

1. Knowledge and Simple Understanding

2. Deep understanding and Reasoning
3. Skills
4. Products
5. Affect
1. KNOWLEDGE AND SIMPLE UNDERSTANDING
• Mastery pertains of substantive subject matter
and procedures.

• Bloom’s taxonomy lower thinking skills of

REMEMBERING, UNDERSTANDING & APPLYING
✓Pencil-Paper Test
✓Oral questioning
✓Essay
✓Selected-response and constructed-response
items are best in assessing low-level learning
targets in terms of coverage and efficiency.
 2. DEEP UNDERSTANDING AND
REASONING

• Thinking skills of ANALYZING, EVALUATING,

and SYNTHESIZING.
✓ Sampling Data Collection Method
Descriptive Statistics Reasoning is the mental
manipulation and use of knowledge in critical
& creative ways Demonstrate thinking skills.
 3. SKILLS
• To assess SKILLS, performance superior assessment
method.
• Used in real-life “AUNTHENTIC ASSESSMENT”
• Performance assessment are suited for applications
with less-structured problem identification; collection,
organization, Integration and evaluation of information.

Examples:
✓ Physical Education Games and Activities
✓ Academic Performance
 4. PRODUCT

• A product is substantial and tangible output

that showcases a student understanding and
skills.
• Method can assess the attributes of the
product using an analytic RUBRIC.
✓Musical Composition
✓Stories & Poems
✓Drawings
✓Multimedia
 5. AFFECT
• Affects pertains to attitude, interest and values
student manifest.
• The best method for this learning target is “Self-
assessment”
• Students’ responses to self report affective using
rating scales.
• Two Affective variables: Academic efficacy &
Eagerness to learn.

Integrity and Personal Discipline

 .
Sources of Learning Targets and
Standard

1. Bloom’s Taxonomy of Objectives

2. Professional Preparation
3. Textbooks
4. Existing Lists of Objectives
1. Bloom's Taxonomy of Objectives

✓Consists of 3 domains:
1. Cognitive (Thinking)
2. Affective (Emotion or feelings)
3. Psychomotor (Physical or kinesthetic)
2. Professional Preparation 

- As you master each discipline you will

be able to identify what is most
important for learning

 The more you understand, the better

the assessments.
 3. Textbooks

 Most textbooks are accompanied by

an instructor’s guide or a teacher’s
edition

 Textbook objectives are neither the

only nor the best source for your
learning targets
4. Existing List of Objectives

 A number of sources can be used to

locate these lists

 Yearbooks and handbooks in different

disciplines sometimes contain objectives
Thank you🙂