Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Secularization Nationalist
Secularization Nationalist
to Freedom
NATIONALISM
• A feeling brought about by the discovery of
a group of people of their identity that
enable them to be united
• Examples:
– Similarity in terms of color and physical
attributes
– Similarity in language, beliefs, place or territory
– Similarity in terms of goals and ideologies
Factors that gave Rise to
Nationalism
1. The Philippines was opened to World Trade
Consisted of:
– Newly rich businessmen and Chinese
traders
– Spanish mestizo
– Those who attained higher education in
the Philippines and in Spain (ilustrados)
Philippine Society during the
Spanish Period
•Peninsulares
•Insulares
•Mestizo
•Indio
3. OPENING OF THE SUEZ CANAL
•Re-imposed censorship
•Banned all talks of reform and liberty
•Stop the Filipinization of the Parishes in the
country
•Revoked the exemptions of Filipinos on force
labor and tributes
5. THE SECULARIZATION ISSUE
• Secular Priest • Regular Priest
– Filipino priests – Spanish priests
– Provincial – refers to belonging in religious
the head of the Secular orders such as:
priests • Augustinians
• Jesuits
• Recollects
• Dominicans
• Franciscans
– Archbishop and bishop
– headed the regular
priests
• Council of Trent (1545-1563) – states that a
secular priest can be a Friar Curate
• Pope Pius V – allowed the secular priests in 1567
serve in the parishes due to lack of regular priests
• Archbishop Basilio Santa Justa – started making the
secular priests a part of the regular priests and
giving them a parish to lead.
COUNCIL OF TRENT POPE PIUS V
GOM-BUR-ZA
• Religious Orders – opposed to the plan for they
believed that Filipinos were not worthy to become
Friar Curate
• Msgr. Pedro Pelaez – Ecclesiastical Governor of the
Church who believed that Filipino priests should
be given a chance to serve.
• Governor-General Simon de Anda – sided with the
Filipinos
• Father Jose Burgos – continued the fight upon the
death of Msgr. Pelaez.
6. THE CAVITE MUTINY
• January 20, 1872
• Sergeant Lamadrid – led about 200 Filipino
soldiers and workers in the Cavite arsenal
mutinied.
• Governor-General Rafael de Izquierdo
– One of the worst governor generals in the
Philippines
– Removed a lot of privileges enjoyed by the
people in Cavite that led to the mutiny.
7. THE EXECUTION OF GOM-BUR-ZA
•NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS
EMERGED
•GOMBURZA became the battle cry of the
propaganda movement
•The Katipunan use the word GOMBURZA
as one of its passwords
•The Katipunan declared Feb. 17 as a
commemorative day of prayer
1. KING ANNOUNCED THE OPENING OF THE
5. THE SECULARIZATION PROJECT
PHILIPPINES TO WORLD TRADE