Mathematics as a Tool

Data Management
Levels of Measurement
Nominal
Ordinal

Nominal
Ratio

Interval
Ordinal
Nominal

Ordinal
Ratio
Ordinal
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PsF5MsrCOo
Presentation of Data
Footnotes
Source of Data:
Frequency Distribution
The formula: 𝐤 =𝟏+𝟑𝐥𝐨𝐠 ❑ 𝒏
 

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6 4

Lower Limits Class Limits

19- 19-22
23- 23-26
27- 27-30
31- 31-34
35- 35-38
39- 39-42
Class Limits Class Boundaries Frequency
19-22 18.5-22.5 8
23-26 22.5-26.5 8
27-30 26.5-30.5 24
31-34 30.5-34.5 3
35-38 34.5-38.5 1
39-42 38.5-42.5 1
30
Class Class Frequency Class mark Cf (<) Cf(>)
limits Boundaries
19-22 18.5- 8 20.5 8 45
22.5
23-26 22.5- 8 24.5 16 37
26.5
27-30 26.5- 24 28.5 40 29
30.5
31-34 30.5- 3 32.5 43 5
34.5
35-38 34.5- 1 36.5 44 2
38.5
39-42 38.5- 1 40.5 45 1
42.5