CLASS 1E

STUDY PROGRAM S1 ACCOUNTANCY

SIMPLE PAST
TENSE
PRESENTS BY

GROUP 2

MODERATOR : MARCELLA PUTRI LOVITA ( C1C021031)

NOTULEN : ASA TRI ALVINDO ( C1C021078)

PRESENTS : MUTIA SALSABILAH ( C1C021129)

PUTRI SRI MULYANI (C1C021168)

 DEFINITION OF SIMPLE PAST
TENSE
The Past Simple Tense is used to refer to actions that were completed in a time period before the present time.
In the Simple Past the process of performing the action is not important.
What matters is that the action was completed in the past.
The action may have been in the recent past or a long time ago. 
Simple past tense verbs—also called past simple or preterite—show action that occurred and was completed
at a particular time in the past. The simple past tense of regular verbs is marked by the ending -d or -ed. Irregular
verbs have a variety of endings.
The simple past is not accompanied by helping verbs."The simple past tense is often used with an adverbial
phrase that specifies a time in the past, such as yesterday, last year, (or) an hour ago," according to  Complete
English Grammar Rules.
An example of a simple past tense verb used in a sentence would be:
"I went to the park." The speaker completed their action of going to the park, so you use the verb "go" in the
simple past tense.
 Characteristics Of Simple Past Tense

01 05
Describes an action that started and ended 100% Describe an action or occurrence of an
in the past time.  event thatis done repeatedly and regularly
In the nominal sentences, the To be of

02
describe a state of mind in the past or a fe
Simple Past is was / were and in the verbal
sentences
06 that was felt in the past.

03 The verbs are verb-2. 07Refer to someone who has died

04 Refer or describe an action that has been completed and

there is no time mentioned .
08 Describe events that have occurred
in quick succession in the past.
FUNCTION OF SIMPLE PAST
TENSE
 The Simple Past is used
for actions that started and • Example :
finished at a specific time • I saw a movie last week.
in the past

The Simple Past is used

• Example :
to describe several actions
• I finished work, walked to the beach and met my
that were completed in the
friends
past.

The Simple Past is used to •

Example :
describe a process that
• I lived in Italy for five years.
started and finished in the
past

The Simple Past can also • Example :

be used in sentences that
• I often played football when I was a young man.
describe past habits.
Formula Of Simple Past Tense
Verbal sentence is a sentence which needs a verb.Verbal sentences is opposite, The
A. Verbal Sentences
meaning is the main verb is all verbs other than be. Verbal sentences can also stand
alone or at the last word.

To Form simple past tense sentences, the formula is as

follows :
(+) S + Verb 2 + O
(-) S + Did + Not + V1
(?) Did + S + V1 ?

Forming The Simple Past Tense

 A. Verbal Sentences

In simple past tense, the verb used is verb 2. There are two types of verbs, namely
regular verb and irregular verb.

In order to convert regular verbs from their base form to the simple past form, we add -ed.
For irregular verbs, however, the simple past form doesn’t follow this rule and can vary
significantly and you simply need to learn them by heart. There are many irregular
verbs but below you can find the most common ones that you need to know for daily use.
 Regular Verb

A regular verb is any verb whose

Other examples of regular simple
conjugation follows a typical
past tense verbs used in a sentence
pattern, or one of the typical
are:
patterns, of the original language.

Example :
· place – placed Example :
· dance – danced • I solved the puzzle.
· plan – planned • He dumped the garbage.
 RULES

There are a few more rules, such as if a single
syllable word ends consonant-vowel-consonant,
double the consonant and add
-ed: chat becomes chatted. (But if the final
consonant is w, x, or y, don't double it.)
If the last syllable of a multi-syllable word is
stressed and ends consonant-vowel-consonant,
doubled the consonant and add
-ed: prefer becomes preferred. (But if the first
syllable is stressed, don't double it.)

However, if you try to pronounce a pure ‘d’ after

an unvoiced ending sound, such as in ‘cook’ or
‘hope,’ you will add a syllable : cook-ed or hope-
ed. (It's not possible to pronounce a pure 'd' sound
in the same syllable.) So with unvoiced endings.
we pronounce the ‘ed’ with a ‘t’ sound.
 However
P
r there are some exceptions to the rule.
Thesees are
P stated below.
Ø If the everb
a ends with ‘-e ‘, we add ‘ –d ‘.
n s
Examples:t t

PRESENT
m m PAST
o o
MOVE
v v MOVED
e e
DANCE DANCED
d
USE USED
d d
a a
Ø If the verbn ends
n with consonant + vowel + consonant,
c c
we double the final consonant and add ‘ –ed ‘.
e e
d
PRESENT PAST
uplan
u planned
s s
estop
e stopped
d
prefer preferred
However
P
r there are some exceptions to the rule.
Thesees are
P stated below.
e averb ends with W, X or when the final syllable is not
Ø  If the
n s
emphasized,
t t We do not double the final consonant and add ‘–ed’.
mPRESENT
m PAST
o o
v Present
v Past
e e
show showed
d
fix fixed
d d
a a
  If a ntwo-syllable
n verb ends with consonant + vowel +
consonant,
c c we do not double the final consonant when the
e e
stress is on the first syllable and add ‘–ed’.
d
PRESENT PAST
usuffer
u suffered
s s
eoffer
e offered
d
happen happened
However
P
r there are some exceptions to the rule.
Thesees are
P stated below.
Ø  Ø Ife the
a verb ends with consonant + vowel + ‘-l’ , we
n s
tnormally
t double the final ‘ –l ‘ and add ‘-ed’.
mPRESENT
m PAST
o o
v travel
v travelled ( UK )
e e
marvel
d marvelled ( UK )

d d
a a
  If the verb ends with two consonants, we do not double
n n
the final
c cconsonant add ‘-ed’.
e e
d
PRESENT PAST
uhelp
u helped
s s
eadd
e added
d
warn warned
However
P
r there are some exceptions to the rule.
Thesees are
P stated below.
Ø  If ethe
a verb ends with a consonant + ‘-y’ , we throw the final ‘
n s
t–y‘t and add ‘-ied’ at the end of the verb.

mPRESENT
m PAST
o o
v apply
v applied
e e
reply
d replied

carry carried
d d
a a
n EXAMPLES
n :
c c
PRESENT
e e PAST
d
enjoy enjoyed
u u
annoy annoyed
s s
e e
play played
d
 B. Irregular Verb
Different from regular verbs where the use of the word can be
modified with each rule irregular verbs do not have a -ed pattern
here are some examples of irregular verbs :

Verbs 1 Verbs 2 Verbs 1 Verbs 2

Arise Arose Pay Paid

Bear Bore Put Put

Beat Beat Read Read

Become Became Ride Rode

Beget Begot Ring Rang

 1) Affirmative Sentences
In affirmative sentences the word order is subject
+ verb and the form of the verb in the simple past
is the same for all subjects (with the exception of
‘to be’ – was/were).

Subject + past simple + object

For example:
I played football yesterday.
He saw his family last week.
I was in France in June.
 2)Negative Sentences

To make negative negative sentences in the

simple past we use the auxiliary ‘did not’ / ‘didn’t’
and the base form of the verb. 

Subject + did not + base form of verb + object

For example:
I didn’t play football yesterday.
They didn’t go to the theater last month.
She didn’t arrive on time this morning.
3)Positive Question Sentences

To make questions in the simple past we use ‘did’

in front of the subject and base form of the verb.

Did + subject + base form of verb + object?

 For example:
Did you play football yesterday?
Did they lose the match?
Did he clean his home last weekend?
4)Negative Question Sentences

To make questions in the simple past we use ‘did’

added ‘not’ in front of the subject and base form
of the verb.

Did not / Didn’t + Subject + V1   ( First Form of Verb )

Didn’t you play football yesterday?

Didn’t they lose the match?
Didn’t he clean his home last weekend? 
 5)Answer of Simple Past Tense
As is the case with any verb tense in English, it is generally
possible to give short answers to a question. This is
certainly the case for questions in the past tense.
If the question commences with one of the traditional
question words such as WHO, WHERE, WHEN, WHY, WHAT,
WHICH or HOW, it requires a more detailed answer and it is
not possible to give a short answer.
A) Examples of long answers
What did you do on the weekend?
- I went to a party with my friends.
(It is not possible to give a short answer to this question like
'Yes, I did').
Why did you call him?
- Because I needed to borrow his computer.
 HOWEVER, if the question is more direct, and commences with
a verb or Did, then it is generally possible to give a short or a
long answer to the question.

question long answer short answer

Was Chris at the party Yes, Chris was at the Yes, he was
last night? party last night
Did you see Julie on the No, I didn't see Julie on No, I didn't.
weekend? the weekend
Could they speak Yes, they could speak Yes, they could
Japanese? Japanese
B)Short Answers with DID
Remember that if the question starts with DID, you can give
a short answer using DID. It is not necessary to use the
main verb in the answer.

Examples
Did you sleep well last night?
Yes, I did / No, I didn't.
Did the airplane arrive on time?
Yes, it did / No, it didn't.
 C)Short Answers with Was / Were
In questions that use Was or Were it is possible to
give short answers as follows:

Short Short
Sample Questions
Answer(Affirmative)* Answer(Negative)

Was I correct? Yes, you were. No, you weren't.

Were you busy
Yes, I was. No, I wasn't.
yesterday?
Were you both
Yes, we were. No, we weren't.
embarrassed?
Were they hungry? Yes, they were. No, they weren't.

Was he late again? Yes, he was. No, he wasn't.

Was she a good student? Yes, she was. No, she wasn't.

Was it ready? Yes, it was. No, it wasn't.

 B. Nominal Sentences

Be /was,were/ as a structural meaning word is called "be-

past". Be-past is used to build a nominal sentence in simple
past form. The existance of be-past in nominal sentence is
important because it is a vital word or a verb (we can say
that /be/ is "a Structural Verb" in Nominal Sentence.
1) Affirmative Sentences

S + be-past + complement

For examples:

I was here.
you were here.
we were here.
they were here.
he was here
she was here.
it was here.
 2) Negative Sentences

To make it into Negative Sentence, place "NOT"

behind the /be/.

S + be-past+not+ complement

For examples;

I wasn't late.
You weren't late.
we weren't late.
they weren't late.
he wasn't late.
she wasn't late.
it wasn't late.
 c) Interogative sentence

To make an interogative sentence, place the be-

past at the beginning of the sentence.

Be-past + Subject + Complement + ?

For examples;
Was I late?
Were you late?
Were we late?
Were they late?
Was he late?
Was she late?
Was it late?
 THANKYO
U

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