POPULATION DYNAMICS

PART 3
LIFE EXPECTANCY
 It is the average number of years a person in a
particular society is expected to live. The average life
expectancy now is around 71years( in 1960, it was
52years)

 In most countries, the national averages obscure a

difference between men and women of around
8years( Japan’s female life expectancy is 87 and men
81)

 Note- the number of deaths of infants under one year

old per 1000 live births per year.
World population data @2012
Region Both Gender Male female
World 70 68 72
More developed 78 75 81
world
Less developed 68 66 70
world
Africa 58 56 59
Asia 70 68 72
Latin America 74 71 77
North America 79 76 81
Oceania 77 75 79
Europe 77 73 80
Demographic Transition Model
 The demographic transition model became a
dominant theory of population growth which was
based on observed trends in Western European and
North American societies.

 It is a simplified explanation of how the population

patterns of countries change overtime- due to
changes in birth and death rate.

 Demographic transition is a historical shift of birth

and death rate from high to low levels in a
population.
interpretation
 Stage 1- traditional( high and fluctuating) a pre-
industrial agrarian society with no population growth.

 Stage 2- early transitional stage first phase of

industrial development which brings accelerating
population growth.

 Stage 3- late stage of industrial development which

brings decelerating population growth.

 Stage 4- ( low and fluctuating) post industrial with little

or no population growth.