Motivation

Theories for
Employees
Jenneh Blake
 Motivation

Motivation is defined as the reason for acting or behaving

in a certain way. For business, it means the reasons
employees have for acting in the best interests of the
company.
 Theories
There are various theories for motivating
employees:

● Frederick W. Taylor theory

● Abraham Maslow theory
● Frederick Herzberg theory
● The X and Y theory
 Frederick W. Taylor
Frederick W. Taylor was an American mechanical engineer.
Born: March 10 1865 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Died: March 21 1915 Philadelphia
He is known as the father of scientific management.

Taylor believed that all workers were motivated by money, so he promoted the idea of “a fair
day’s pay for a fair day’s work.”
 Four Principles of Scientific
Management
Taylor's four principles are as follows:

● Replace working by "rule of thumb," or simple habit and common sense, and
instead use the scientific method to study work and determine the most efficient
way to perform specific tasks.

● Rather than simply assign workers to just any job, match workers to their jobs
based on capability and motivation.

● Monitor worker performance, and provide instructions and supervision to ensure

that they're using the most efficient ways of working.

● Allocate the work between managers and workers so that the managers spend their
time planning and training, allowing the workers to perform their tasks efficiently.
 Frederick Herzberg
Frederick Herzberg was a US clinical psychologist.

Born: April 18 1923

Died: January 19 2000

He is most famous for introducing job enrichment and the Motivator-Hygiene theory.
 His Theory
a. Recognition
The management needs to recognize the work of the employees
within the organization and offer verbal praise

b. Responsibility
The management needs to give the employees ownership of the work
and hold them accountable for it.

c. Growth and Promotional Opportunities

An organization with growth and promotional opportunities will
motivate employees to do better.

d. Sense of achievement
The people in a company must feel a sense of achievement in the job
 His Theory:
(continuation)
e. Meaningfulness of the work
If the work in itself is challenging and interesting it
automatically becomes meaningful. Job enrichment has
the power to motivate employees
 X and Y Theory

X Y

● Depressed culture ● Liberating and Developmental

● Tight control ● Control
● No development ● Achievement and continuous
● Produces limited ● Empowering and giving responsibility

*This theory was made by Douglas McGregor(American Professor) who expressed

his views of human nature in two sets of assumptions.*
 Thanks Any Questions?

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