G. H.

Raisoni College of Engineering and Management

(An Autonomous Institute affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University)

 DRC Review Meeting to finalized the proposed area of research

Proposed Area of Research:

Design and Performance optimization of Gravitational vortex power plant by

using Hydro Flex Turbine for the rural area

By
Mr. Naresh kumar

under the Guidance of

Dr. R R Arakerimath

Department of Mechanical Engineering

2020-21
1
 CONTENT
⮚ Introduction

⮚ Abstract

⮚ Literature review

⮚ Theoretical Background

⮚ Power Generation Calculations

⮚ Energy security

⮚ Wind Power Technology

⮚ Application

⮚ Conclusions
INTRODUCTION

• Energy markets have combined crisis recovery and strong industry

dynamism. Energy consumption in the G20 scared by more than 5% in
2010, after the slight decrease of 2009. This strong increase is the result
of two converging trends. On the one-hand, industrialized countries,
which experienced sharp decreases in energy demand in 2009, recovered
firmly in 2010, almost coming back to historical trends. Oil, gas, coal, and
electricity markets followed the same trend. On the other hand, China and
India, which showed no signs of slowing down in 2009, continued their
intense demand for all forms. energy.
• World energy resources and consumptionWorld energy resources and
consumption review the world energy resources and use. More than half
of the energy has been consumed in the last two decades since the
industrial revolution, despite advances in efficiency and sustainability.
According to IEA world statistics in four years (2004-2008) the world
population increased 5% annual CO: emissions increased 10% and gross
energy production increased 10%. Most energy is used in the country of
origin, since it is cheaper to transport final
Abstract

Vertical axis wind turbine power generation equipment can be located at

ground level, which makes for easy maintenance. Also, VAWT are
Omni -directional, meaning they do not need to be pointed in the
direction of the wind to produce power. Finally, there is potential for
large power generation with VAWT because their size can be
Increased greatly. However, there are also downfalls to the VAWT.
Firstly, boundary layer affects from the ground influence the air stream
incident on the VAWT, which in some cases leads to inconsistent wind
patterns. Secondly, VAWT are self-starting; currently, an outside power
source is required to start turbine rotation until a certain rotational
speed is reached .The main objective of our work is to design and build a
self-starting vertical axis wind turbine. This report outlines the first
term efforts in the design of our full-scale VAWT ,which is to be built
early in the second term does not have large lift coefficients at low
Reynolds numbers. It was concluded that a profile with large lift at low
speeds used along with passive pitching could achieve self-starting
status
LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Niranjana.S.J investigated the power generation by vertical axis wind turbine.
In this paper the power is generated by fixing the wind mill on the road high
ways .when the vehicle is passed through the road at high speed the turbine of the
wind mill rotates and generates the power sources. This analysis indicates that
the vertical axis wind turbine can be able to attain the air from all the direction
and produces the power of 1 kilowatt for a movement of 25 m/s. The
efficiency of vertical axis wind turbine can be increases by modifying the size and
shape of the blade

2. Abmjit N Roy et al. analyzed the design and fabrication of vertical axis economical
wind mill. This paper indicates that vertical axis wind mill is one of the most
important types of wind mill. In this main rotor shaft is connected to the wind turbine
vertically with the generator and gear box which can be placed near the ground.
Performance characteristics such as power output versus wind speed or versus
angular velocity must be optimized in order to compete with other energy
sources which make the process economically and eco-friendly.
LITERATURE REVIEW
3. D.A. Nikam et al. analyzed the literature review on design and development of
vertical axis wind turbine blade. This paper explains that the wind mill such as
vertical and horizontal wind mill is widely used for energy production. The
horizontal wind mill is highly used for large scale applications which require
more space and huge investment. Whereas the vertical wind mill is suitable for
domestic application at low cost. The generation of electricity is affected by the
geometry and orientation of the blade in the wind turbine. To optimize this by setting
the proper parameter for the blade design. The experimental result indicates that
the blade plays critical role in the performance and energy production of the
turbine. The optimized blade parameter and its specification can improve the
generation of electricity.
4. Altab Hossain et al. investigated the design and development of A 1/3 scale
vertical axis wind turbine for electrical power generation. In this paper the electricity
is produce from the wind mill by wind power and belt power transmission system.
The blade and drag devices are designed in the ratio of 1:3 to the wind
turbine. The experiment is conducted by different wind speed and the power
produced by the windmill is calculated. The experimental result indicates that 567
W power produced at the speed of 20 m/s while 709 W power produced at the
speed of 25 m/s. From this, the power production will increases when the velocity is
high.
⮚THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
⮚
The fundamental equations that were used to build the mathematical model
of the VAWT will be presented with details in this section. The relative velocity of
the blade can be written as follows:
ω=V∞−Rw
(1)where V∞ is undisturbed air velocity, Rw is the blade velocity at equator radius
and ω is speed of rotation for the blades.

The significant velocities when using the DMS calculation approach are:

V∞: The inflow velocity of the undisturbed freestream flow

V: The upwind induced velocity that occurred owing to the extraction energy from
blades at upstream rotor half
Ve: Equilibrium velocity that appeared in the plane between up—and downstream
rotor half, which denotes the velocity of upstream rotor disk (wake) and the
inflow velocity of the downstream rotor disk.
V’: The downwind induced velocity that occurred owing to the extraction energy
of blades in the downstream rotor half.
V”: The wake velocity of the complete double disk
POWER GENERATION CALCULATIONS

Power generated by the wind turbine is influenced at a particular time

mostly by air mass elevated of the rotor blades. An increase in tip
speed ratio leads to a decrease in the mass being lifted and will affect
the power output. The maximum power that the turbine could capture
depends on turbine design including blade airfoil, and pitch angle. the
details of the developed approach used in this research paper to
analyze and optimize the vertical axial wind turbine.
The available kinetic energy in the wind that can be converted to mechanical
energy is not exceeding 59% of the total value (theoretically), as specified in
the law of Betz, where the power extracted practically is typically less than
45% of the available energy. By considering the field swept by VAWTs, the
area A = rl, velocity of air = v, length of the VAWT blade = l, density of the
air = ρ, and theoretical Betz limit Cp = 0.59 of the output power. Then the
maximum power (P) that is available can be calculated as follows
Pavailable. max =12ρAv3Cp

where A = swept area of the rotating blades, ρ = air density, V = air velocity
and Cp = Power coefficient.

Rather than using an alternator or generator that is readily available, a

permanent magnet generator is built according to requirement. The generator
is equipped with a multi-stage and is used to maximize the output of the
generator with the same size of the rotor. Each stage is composed of 12 coils
and 24 magnets.
⮚ENERGY SECURITY

Energy security is a term for an association between national security

and the availability of natural resources for energy consumption.
Access to cheap energy has become essential to the functioning
modern economies. However, the uneven distribution of energy
supplies among countries has led to significant vulnerabilities Threats
to energy security include the political instability of several energy
producing countries, the manipulation of energy supplies, the
competition over energy sources. attacks on supply infrastructure, as
well as accidents, natural disasters, the funding to foreign dictators,
rising terrorism, and dominant countries relance to the foreign all
supply.
WIND POWER TECHNOLOGY
 A Wind power technology is the various infrastructure and process that promote the
hamessing of wind generation for mechanical power and electricity.
 This basically entails the wind and characteristics related to its strength and direction,
as well as the functioning of both internal and external components of a wind turbine
with respect to wind behavior.
 s mentioned earlier the effective functioning of a wind turbine dictated by s wind
availability in an area and it the amount of power it has is sufficient enough to keep the
blades in constant rotation.
 The wind power increases as a function of the cube of the velocity of the wind and this
power is calculable with respect to the area in which the wind is present as well as the
wind velocity
APPLICATION

⮚ Due to irregulanty in the availability of the wind energy the wind based machines
has got limited applications in some specific areas.
⮚ Wind based machinery can only be installed at a place of plentiful air flow, thats
why use of the wind machines are not so popular.
⮚ But the availabaty of the conventional fuels is going to decreases very fast and
only conventional fuel is not sufficient to meet the energy demand of the modern
civilization.
⮚ Non-conventional sources have to play a significant role to cope the aises.
⮚ Wind energy is the cheapest in all the non-conventional sources Capital cost in a
wind based power plant is lesser than based on solar energy.
CONCLUSIONS
 The device developed in the reported project has shown that the
power can be produced with wind energy. The device generates
3-12V potential difference with the wind energy supplied by a
blower. The blower takes electrical power to rotate. The study
shows that there is great potential in wind energy to generate
power.

 A careful selection has to be made for the blade profile so that
the losses will be minimum and the power generation can be
enhanced. Since the wind energy is not constant at all the time so
the operation of the wind machine will be intermittent and the
power production
 REFERENCES
[1] Niranjana.S.J, “Power Generation by Vertical Axis Wind Turbine”, International Journal of Emerging Research in
Management &Technology ISSN: 2278-9359, Volume-4, Issue-7, 2015.

[2] Mr.Abhijit N Roy, Mr.SyedMohiuddin, “Design and Fabrication of Vertical Axis Economical wind mill”,
International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication, ISSN: 2321-8169, Volume: 3
Issue: 2, 133 – 139, 2015.

[3] D. A. Nikam, S. M. Kherde, “Literature review on design and development of vertical axis wind turbine blade”,
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622, 156-161, 2015.

[4] Altab Hossain, A.K.M.P. Iqbal, Ataur Rahman, M. Arifin, M. Mazian, “Design and Development of A 1/3 Scale
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine for Electrical Power Generation”, Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering
(JUEE), ISSN 1982-3932, volume: 1 Issue:2, 53-60, 2007. [5] M. Abid, K. S. Karimov, H. A. Wajid, F. Farooq, H.
Ahmed, O. H. Khan, “ Design, Development and Testing of a Combined Savonius and Darrieus Vertical Axis
Wind Turbine”, Iranica Journal of Energy and Environment, ISSN: 2079-2115, volume: 6, Issue:1, 1-4, 2015.
THANK YOU