Overvoltage and Under Voltage

Protection System
E/CDT LIMACO, MARK RAINELLE S.
E/CDT LITAN, NEXON JAY
E/CDT LIWAS, CLARK KENT
E/CDT NA OY,
What is an Over Voltage
and Under Voltage
Protection?
• the voltage exceeds its upper limit is
called as over voltage. Depending on the
duration the over voltage durations are
like a transient, voltage spike and power
surge.
• When the voltage is below the fixed
voltage is said to be as under voltage.
variations between the time and
voltage

Over Voltage Protection

Over Voltage and Under Voltage Circuit Using
Comparator
• This circuit is planned to expand a low voltage and
high voltage tripping mechanism to protect the
load from the damage.
• Generally, in homes & industries, we can observe
that there is a fluctuation in AC power supply takes
place frequently. Due to the fluctuations of the
AC power supply, the electronic gadgets will
damage easily.
• To overcome this problem we can implement the
tripping mechanism of over voltage and under
voltage protection circuit.
Block Diagram of Over Voltage and Under Voltage Circuit Using
Comparator
 Circuit Diagram Operation

• The circuit diagram consists of two

IC which are named as LM324,
LM7812, NPN transistor, two Zenor
diodes, capacitors and LED
respectively. In the circuit, we can
observe that the input of 220v AC
through a transformer T1 and it
reduce up to 12v with the help of
the bridge rectifier. By using the
two capacitors C1 & C2 of power
smoothing filters we can convert
the voltage, alternating current to
direct current.
• The IC Rex bit is an input pin of
IC1 is computing to the 12v power
supply is fixed to the IC2. Thus we
can consider as an IC op-amp and
its pressure act as an IC2/1 is a
high voltage detector, high
voltage ICs, current works to the
transistor Q1 and the relay
function works with the cutting
of power from the load intensity.
The IC/2 is used to detect the
lower voltages and with VR1 &
VR2 the two components are
specified. The LED is used to
display the high power & low
power over a specified.
 Over Voltage & Under Voltage Protection
System Using Timer

• This is another type of protection system

using timer circuit is designed for the low
voltage & high voltage protection system
load from the damage.
• two timers are delivered an output error
to switch the relay mechanism when the
voltage violates its arranged limits.
Therefore it protects the appliances
from the adverse effects of the supply
voltage.
Block Diagram of Over Voltage & Under
Voltage Protection System Using Timer
Application of Over Voltage and Under Voltage
• It is used in the home appliances, industries to control the voltage fluctuations
• Protection of sensitive electronic devices
• Agriculture motors
• Water pumps

Advantages of Over Voltage and Under Voltage

• The price of this circuit is very less and reliable
• It can handle heavy loads up to 7A
• In the abnormal condition automatically the switch is OFF state
• In the safe condition automatically the switch is in the ON-state
• These are highly sensitive