Electromagnetic Braking

System.
DEPT.OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
MPEC,KANPUR

Under Supervision of Arunendra Singh Chauhan

By-
- Shivendra Thakur
-Shivam Singh Sengar
-Sobhnath Pal
B.TECH
(MECHANICAL ENGG.)
 Introduction

 This projects intends to the design and implement ation of new system of retardation
(braking) for automobiles .
 The design of the new brakes is based upon the phenomenon of electromagnetic
induction and eddy currents .
 The design basically consists of very strong magnet and rotating metallic wheel .
 Components Required

 Metal Disc
 Electromagnetic
 Iron Chain
 Flywheel
 Adapter
 ABSTRACT

 This project aims to create a electromagnetic braking system modelcapable of applying

brakes without any friction lossand without losing the energysupplied.
 It uses a two electromagnets which runs bythe supply of power from thecircuit. Also,
there is a wheel which is attached to themotor so when the power the supplied by the help
of motor the wheel rotates. Then a fan is attached nearelectromagnets to cool the
electromagnets fromexcessive heating.
 A metal bar is inthe vicinity of the electromagnets and wheel so when the electromagnets
produces eddy currents which stops the rotating wheel or rotor. This model helps in a way
to be a used a retardation equipment in vehicles
 ELECTROMAGNET

 Electromagnet, device consisting of a core of magnetic material surrounded by a coil

through which an electric current is passed to magnetize the core. An electromagnet is
used wherever controllable magnets are required, as in contrivances in which
the magnetic flux is to be varied, reversed, or switched on and off.

ELECTROMAGNET
 ADAPTER

 An adapter is a device that allows a specific type of hardware to work with another device that would
otherwise be incompatible.
 Examples of adapters include electrical adapters, video adapters, audio adapters, and network adapters.
 An electrical adapter, for instance, may convert the incoming voltage from 120V to 12V, which is
suitable for a radio or other small electronic device. Without regulating voltage through an adapter, the
incoming electrical surge could literally fry the internal components of the device.

ADAPTER
 ROTATING DISC

 The brake rotating disc is the component of a disc brake against which the brake pads are
applied. The material is typically Non-ferrous material because Non-ferrous material is
good conductor of magnetic field and so high amount of eddy current is generated in Non-
ferrous material and efficiency of brake is increased.

ROTATING DISC
 WORKING PRINCIPLE

 The working principle of the electro magnetic brake is based on the creation of magnetic
field with in a metal disc rotating between two electro magnets, which sets up a force
opposing the rotation of the disc. Electromagnetic brakes (also called electro-mechanical
brakes or EM brakes) slow or stop motion using electromagnetic force to apply
mechanical resistance (friction). They were originally called "electro-mechanical brakes,"
but over the years the name changed to "electromagnetic brakes", referring to their
actuation method. Since becoming popular in the mid-20th century, especially
in trains and trams, the variety of applications and brake designs has increased
dramatically, but the basic operation remains the same.
 ADVANTAGES

Reduced Wear
 The amount of friction required to slow or stop loads in mechanical braking systems can create
significant wear and tear on the components of the brake over time. By using electromagnetic force and
the properly selected friction material to provide the slowing/stopping action, electromagnetic brakes help
reduce wear.
Enhanced Performance
  An electromagnetic brake can be customized to provide fast action, precise engagement, and smooth,
backlash-free operation.
Lower Costs
  By reducing component wear and improving brake efficiency, electromagnetic braking solutions last
longer and require considerably less maintenance.
Improved Heat Dissipation
 Well-designed electromagnetic braking systems can be highly effective at dissipating heat compared with
mechanical systems and other alternatives.
 DISADVANTAGES

 Dependence on battery power to energize the brake system drains down the battery
much faster.
 Generation of eddy current is low at low speed so less efficient at low speed.
 CONCLUSION

 From our experiment we conclude that this mechanism is very suitable at high speed.
With all the advantages of electromagnetic brakes over friction brakes, they have been
widely used on heavy vehicles where the ‘brake fading’ problem exists. The same concept
is being developed for application on lighter vehicles. The concept designed by us is just a
prototype and needs to be developed more because of the above mentioned disadvantages.
 These electromagnetic brakes can be used as an auxiliary braking system along with the
friction braking system to avoid overheating and brake failure.