TOPIC: GRAPHICS CARD

PRESENTED
BY
HASSAN SALEEM
WHAT IS GRAPHICS CARD?
 A graphics card is a visual centre of computers
brain.
 It provides high-quality visual display by
processing and executing graphical data.
 It generates a feed of output images to a display
device.
 It performs a variety of useful functions
especially in the world of gaming.
HISTORY OF GRAPHICS AND
GRAPHIC CARD
 Graphics were used with computer hardware
before graphic card was invented.
  IBM made and introduced the Monochrome
Display Adapter (MDA) in 1981.
 The MDA card had a single monochrome text
mode, which was useful for drawing forms.
 Further, many more graphic cards were
introduced NV10, R300 etc, which has brought
about revolutionary change in graphics.
HISTORY OF GRAPHICS AND
GRAPHIC CARDS
MONOCHROME DISPLAY ADAPTER

HERCULES
GRAPHIC CARD

NV10 (NIVIDIA ge-FORCE)

COMPONENTS OF GRAPHICS
CARD
 Graphic processing unit (GPU)
 Heat sink
 Video bios
 Video memory
 RAMDAC
 Outputs
1. GRAPHIC PROCESSING UNIT
(GPU)
 A graphics processing unit (GPU) is designed
to rapidly alter memory to accelerate the
building of images in a frame.
 A modern graphics card is also a computer
unto itself
 It is a dedicated graphics processor optimized
for floating point calculations which are
fundamentals to 3d graphics.
GRAPHIC PROCESSING UNIT
2. HEAT SINK
 A heat sink spreads out the heat produced
by the graphics processing unit.
 Most modern graphics cards need a
proper thermal solution.
 It has an additional connected heat pipe
usually made of copper for the best
thermal transfer.
HEAT SINK
3. VIDEO BIOS
 It may contain information on the memory
timing, operating speeds and voltages of the
graphics processor and other details which can
sometimes be changed.
 It is used to identify and initialize the card to
display one of a few frame buffer or text display
modes.
 It provides a set of video-related functions that
are used by programs to access the video
hardware.
VIDEO BIOS
4. VIDEO MEMORY
 Graphic card has its own memory known as
video memory or graphics memory.
 Video memory may be used for storing the screen
image, such as the Z-buffer.
 The memory capacity of most modern video card
ranges from 128MB TO 1GB.
 VRAM's purpose is to ensure the even and
smooth execution of graphics display.
5. RAMDAC
 It converts digital signals to analog signals for use
by a computer display
 It uses analog inputs such as cathode ray
tube (CRT) displays
 The RAMDAC is a kind of RAM chip that
regulates the functioning of the graphics card.
 The converter will be able to support different
computer-display refresh rates.
 These require a RAMDAC, but they reconvert the
analog signal back to digital before they can
display it.
RAMDAC
6. OUTPUTS
These are the connection systems that connect graphic
cards with display.
1. VGA: Analog based standard adopted in 1980s
designed for CRT displays.
2. DVL: Digital based standard designed for flat panel
screens such as video projectors.
3. S VIDEO: These digital based VIVO televisions,
video recorders, gaming. Some modern graphic cards
also provide HDMI ports that enables user to switch
to high end gaming and high definition movies.
TYPES OF GRAPHIC CARDS
1. INTEGRATED GRAPHIC CARDS:
 Integrated graphics cards are the least powerful variety, at least
compared to the technology that exists simultaneously. These
graphics typically have modest performance and don't perform
well for tasks like games or professional graphics production.
2. DESCRETE GRAPHIC CARDS
A descrete graphics card has its own source of memory,
independent from your system’s RAM. They can put out a lot of
heat if you don’t have a good fan or the right design. The GPU
will heat up quicker the harder you make it work. By contrast,
the best descrete graphics cards, like the Nvidia Titan Xp range,
provide more than double the performance.
TYPES OF GRAPHIC CARDS
INTEGRATED GRAPHICS DESIGN

DEDICATED GRAPHICS
DESIGN
APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHICS
CARD
1. It is used in the paint programs which allows you to
do freehand drawings.
2. It is used in CAD software to create 3D models.
3. It is used for creating animations.

ANIMATIONS CAD SOFTWARE

ADVANTAGES OF GRAPHICS
CARD
1. Motion blur
2. Texture mapping
3. Lens flare
4. Fresnel effects
5. Anisotropic filtering
6. Pictures come true
THANK YOU!