PRACTICAL TRAINING

ON CIRCULAR KNITTING
MACHINE

BY MESSAY A.
JUNE 2018
Relations between needles & sinkers &
yarns & feeders
 The knitting action of latch needle and
holding down sinker during the production of
a course of plain fabric.
a) Tucking in the hook or rest position
 The sinker is forward holding down the old
loop whilst the needle rises.
B) Clearing
 The needle has been raised to its highest position
clearing the old loop from its latch.

C) Yarn feeding
 The sinker is partially withdrawn allowing the

feeder to present its yarn to the

 descending needle hook and also freeing to the old

loop so that it can slide up

 the needle stem and under the open latch spoon.
D) Knock-over
 The sinker is fully withdrawn whilst the needle
descends to knock-over its old loop on the sinker
belly. So the sinkers will recycle again to move
forward hold the previous yarn whilst needle raise.
Relations between sinkers needles feeder
knitting timing
 Two type of feeders with different functional
adjusting methods.
1) None attaching-yarn feeding angle support the
latches opening the perfect clearance between the
yarn feeder and needle hook is 0.3mm to 0.5mm, the
bottom of feeder between the sinker cam holder
about 5.0mm.

(2) Attachment- guiding wheel with lycra device –TTC

type feeder. The perfect clearance between the yarn
feeder and needle hook is 0.3mm to 0.5mm the
bottom of feeder between the top of sinker about
2.5mm
knitting timing Setting
Adjusting the density of the fabric

 Adjusting the depth which the needle

descends in the cylinder to adjust the fabric
density.
 So, adjust the highness of the cam to adjust
the density of the fabric.
 There are two methods :
a) Minimal adjustment
b) Simultaneous adjustment
 a) Minimal adjustment

 Using the hexagon wrench, rotate the

adjusting wheel on the cam box. It makes
the cam move up and down to change the
depth which the needle descends in the
cylinder and adjust the density of the
fabric. The method is adjusting each cam
respectively.
Cont…
 b) Simultaneous adjustment

 The adjustment methods are shown in

following:
Step1. As shown in Fig, first, loosen the six hexagon
screws on the cam ring.
Step2. Rotary the screw on the side of the base bed,
turn left(H direction) the cam ring raise(The
fabric is thick) and turn right(L direction) the
cam ring descends.(The fabric is thin)
Step3. After adjusting it to the proper position, you
should tighten the six screws on the cam ring.
Cont…
 Adjusting the yarn carriers
The yarn carriers of the machine can be adjusted to forward
and backward or left and right.
When you want to make the different structure fabrics, you

have to adjust the timing, so, the yarn carriers also be adjusted
following the timing. The methods are shown in following:

(A) Forward and backward adjustment

Step 1. Loosening screw B . Please don't loosen up the screws in case
that the yarn carrier ring will be loose and drop .
Step 2. Adjusting the yarn carrier forward, it is near to the needlles.
 Adjusting the yarn carrier backward, it is far to the needles. You can
use the feeler gauge to add adjusting exactly.
Step 3. Check the screw B carefully after adjusting as well as the
yarn carrier position if it is in the proper place.
B) Left and right adjustment
 After the individual yarn carrier is adjusted , all the
yarn carriers can be adjusted by turning right and
left . The adjustment methods are as following:
Step 1. Loosening six screws E under the support of the
yarn carrier ring .
Step 2. Turning the yarn carrier ring left(counter-
clockwise) or right(clockwise) and adjusting it to the
position as needed .
Step 3. Locking and tightening the six screws E after
adjusting .
Adjustment of yarn carriers
Adjust the sinker cam
 When the sinker race to B
position, (as in Figure) the gap
P between the inside of the
throat of sinker and needle
back is 0 mm.

 If the quantity is over 0 mm,

loosen the screw A and adjust
it forward or backward to the
needed position. Then tighten
the screw A.
Checking the yarn tension
 Using the stitch adjust screw to adjust the degree of consistency
of the yarn tension on each feeder.

 When turning the screw to the right, the cylinder cam moves
downward or the dial cam moves forward and the needle movement
go down to the lower position.

 Therefore the fabric density becomes more loser. The result of

the opposite adjustment will gain the higher density fabrics when the
screw turns to the left.

 Checking the yarn tension as shown in Fig. Measure the yarn tension
on each feeder with the yarn tension gauge to gain the same depth
of the cam tickle off.
Cont…
RIB MACHINE SETTINGS
 Adjusting the relative gap between the cylinder and the
dial to adjust the fabric density.

 This model uses the dial going-up or going-down to

change the size of the gap between the cylinder and dial
, and at the same time to change the fabric density.

 The adjustment methods are described as following.

 When the dial needs to go up or go down to adjust the
fabric density, raise the height of the dial to knit
fabric with low density, and on the contrary , go down
the dial to knit fabric with high density.
Cont…
Cont…
 Capping the hexagon gear shaft B on the disk with a hexagon socket
wrench, and turning it to the L direction to raise the dial and to make
the fabric density low.
 and turning it to R direction to low down the dial and to make the fabric
density high . In addition , you can see Fig. 4-1-5 . When the hexagon
socket wrench turns to the right or the left , its height can be higher
or lower .
 Step 3. Tightening screw A after adjusting. In addition , the knitting
tension will be influenced by the dial height change , So , you have to
reset the tension after the adjustment.
 As the dial raise up and the fabric will be loose , more yarn fed to
knitting. The fabric density change needs to be adjusted respectively
and the yarn feeding speed has to be adjusted each time when the
fabric density is adjusted.
Adjusting the gap between the dial
needles and cylinder needles
 The opposite location of the dial needles and
cylinder needles are shown in Fig.
 The adjustment method is as following when
the gap between them are not proper.
Cont…
Step 1. Removing the cover on the top of the gear driven disk as
shown in Fig. and fix the centers of the two small gears to the
center of the big gear when the machine stops.
Step 2. To turn the dial needles counter-clockwise , loosening the
screw A and tightening screw B to make the small gears turn
counter-clockwise to the fixed position.
 To turn the dial needles clockwise , loosening the screw B and
then tightening the screw A to set the small gears clockwise to
the fixed position . Afterwards , checking the relative position of
the needles.
Step 3. Running the machine. When the cylinder revolves to 180° ,
checking the relative position of the needles with another group
of small gears . Locking the screws and nuts on it when needle
distances are correct . Then all the screws and nuts have to be
checked whether they are really tightened. Cap to the upper
cover.
Cont…
 MEMMINGER-IRO Positive feeders
(MPF-K)
1 = Top yarn guide
2 = Clutch
3 = Knot catcher
4 = Vibrating tensioner
with tension rings
5 = Feed wheel
6 = Toothed pulley
7 = Chassis
8 = Input stop motion
9 = Stop motion catch
10 = Contact cable
11 = Switch-off indicator lamp
12 = U-bracket, long
13 = Bottom stop motion
14 = Exit hook, long
Positive feeders

 The function of the Memminger-IRO

positive feeder is to ensure the positive
feeding of yarn into circular knitting
machines.
Positioning and mounting the belt
tensioner

 If the quality adjustment pulley is located inside the feeder

ring, the belt tensioner is positioned as shown in Fig. A. If the
pulley is positioned outside, the belt tensioner should be
installed in accordance with Fig. B.

 The belt tensioner must rest on the upper face of the ring, so
that the deflection pulleys and MPF-K belt pulleys are horizontal
and at the same height as the quality adjustment pulley.
Cont…

FIG C
FIG A FIG B
Cont…
 In order to ensure the correct belt tension and
to prevent it from becoming overstretched
through contamination or lifting off the belt
pulley, we recommend that a spring- loaded
tensioner be installed on the output side of the
quality adjustment pulley in the case of an
internal QAP (Fig. A), or a spring-loaded
tensioner roll in the case of an external QAP
(Fig. B). In this case, the belt tension is adjusted
by means of a knurled nut.
Toothed Belt Length

 To calculate the length of the tooth belt, the

following dimensions must be taken from the
knitting machine:

D = Outer diameter of feeder ring

R = Distance from centre of machine to centre of
quality adjustment pulley,
Q = Maximum diameter of quality adjustment pulley.
 Cont…

 Endless MPF toothed belts are available in lengths of 2-16 metres, in increments of 200 mm. If
the calculated belt length is e.g. 7100 mm or more, the next longer belt (7200 mm) should be
used.
 Knot catcher
 The function of the knot catcher (3) is to
detect slubs in the yarn, multiple strands
of yarn unwinding from the spool and
excessively thick knots. After the screw
(2) has been released, the knot catcher
can be inserted between the top yarn
guide (1) and threader hook (4).

 knot catcher, any yarn break can be

immediately located by the machine
operator, by means of the indicator lamp,
and can be quickly rectified without the
need to re-yarn the yarn from the spool
Tube holder
 Suitable tube holders are available to
secure the yarn tube in the case of
enclosed yarn feed systems, according to
the diameter of the tube.
Anti-filamentation
 In the processing of filament
yarns, in particular, it is possible
for broken capillary filaments on
the feed wheel to collect and
interfere with the run-out of the
yarn. This problem can be
counteracted by replacing the U-
bracket long with a guide bracket
(1) and the yarn guide element
with an exit hook short (2).
MPF-KF
 The MPF-KF is designed for feeding staple fibre and filament yarns to
circular knitting machines with variable (friction) and continuous (positive) yarn
feeding systems.

 With friction operation, the yarn is taken around the friction pulley. The
friction of the yarn on the friction band, and thus on its drive, alters
proportional to the rate of yarn demand at the needles.

 The belt speed must be set 5 to 10% higher than the maximum yarn speed,
depending upon the type of material used.

 The following models are available:

MPF 20-KF with two drive pulleys
MPF 40-KF with four drive pulleys
for 12 or 24 volt power supply
with toothed belt or punched belt pulley
Cont….
 Simple in operation.
 All MPF units are suitable for both clockwise and
anti-clockwise feed.
 Uniform, adjustable yarn tension on the knitting
system even at different yarn speeds.
 Input and output stop motions shut down the
circular knitting machine if yarn breaks.
 Uniform, constant yarn feed tension through
magnetic tension rings. Incorrect setting is not
possible.
 Cont…
 Constant rotation of the tension rings
prevents ring surfaces from being cut into
by the yarn. Hence prolonged useful life and
fewer spare parts required.
 Continuous, inward rotation of the tension
rings prevents the yarn jumping out.
 Continuous, self-cleaning action of the
tension surfaces results in longer times
between cleaning and lower maintenance
costs.
Toothed Belt Length
 The following dimensions must be taken off the
circular knitting machine for calculating the toothed
belt length .RL. especially when employing endless
toothed belts:
D = outer diameter of the feeder ring
R = distance from machine centre to centre of the quality
adjustment pulley
Q = maximum diameter of the quality adjustment pulley
 To make the calculation, insert the dimensions (in
mm) into the following formula:
 Calculation for quality adjustment pulley inside the
feeder ring:
Cont…

 The MPF toothed belt is available in endless form, from 2 to 16 m, in

increments of 200 mm. The next longest belt to the calculated belt
length should be used (e.g. calculated 7100 mm, select 7200 mm
belt length). Special lengths can be provided on request.
Adjusting the Belt Speed for
Friction Drive Operation
 This basic setting can, or must, be
individually set to suit the yarn type.
 Thread the MPF-KF unit for friction
operation again and adjust the units as
follows
Adjusting the MPF-KF

 The yarn is taken around the feed wheel, in its

direction of rotation, from the eyelet (E) on the
friction band (L) to the adjustable friction lever (F)
to the outlet brake (J).
 The friction of the yarn on the friction band (L) can
be altered with the friction lever (F). In position
0/12, the friction lever is below the feed eyelet.
 The friction lever can be set to 12 positions around
its circumference
Cont…
 The further the yarn is wound around the friction
band, the lower the output yarn tension will be.
 The yarn brake at the outlet prevents faults
caused by the output stop motions bouncing with
jacquard patterns.
 If the yarn is wound too far around the friction
band, it will be possible for the yarn to be caught
and wound on.
Suggested setting for guide lever with
different yarns

In order to achieve extremely low tension, an additional winding can

be made around the feed wheel. The friction lever must be set to
position 6 - 7.
Super Density Adjusting Speed
Fabric Rolling Machine
Cont…
Cont…
Maintenance
Lubrication ＆ De-dusting
 Before the operation of the machine,
sufficient lubrication is necessary.
Cont…
Waste oil inspection

 The waste oil cup shall be inspected daily. If

the waste oil reaches to 80% of the content
of the cup, the waste oil should be removed
thus preventing pollution of the fabric.
 De-Dusting
 This machine has two methods for de-dust. One is the fanning
method and the other is air-jet method.
Fan Method:
 This method calls for installing one set of fans on the top of the
machine. The main purpose of this method is to get rig of the
cotton chips on the yarn rack and the cotton chips attached
to the yarn. The switch for control of the fans is located on the
control panel of the machine. Turning on the switch will operate
the fans.

 The de-dust fans shall be adjusted to the proper angle for

operating the de-duste. This is because of the fact that the fan
is operated by the wind force.
FAN
 Air Jet Method
 The cam holder of this machine is provided with
air jets of which the main purpose is to get rid of
the cotton flock attached to the needle and
needle hook.
 When the machine is in operation, the air jet
works automatically.
 When the machine stops, the air jet will stop air
jetting. You must adjust air pressure as the
machine active. This air jet is located beside the
oiler and it can be seen easily.
 Recommended air pressure range :– 5 -10 bar
Air jet device
The de-dusting on the middle
position part
 The purpose is to get of the cotton flock
attached to the yarn and fabric. The
middle dedusting device is auto-control.
 When the machine runs, the dedusting
device automatically runs. When the
machine stops, the dedusting device stops
immediately.
De-dusting on the middle position part
Quality wheel system of the feeding
device
The tooth belt B drive the yarn feeding system through the belt
tension adjusting frame and then the yarn feeding system feeds yarn to
the feeders with the constant speed.
 Cont….
 To measure the length of the loops precisely-Since the quality wheels

drive all the yarn feeding system with the tooth belt, the yarn can be fed

by means of the constant speed as well as the yarn tension can be

measured with a yarn tension meter so as to avoid the occurrence of the

uneven loops and to knit even loops fabric.

 To set and select yarn feeding, quality wheels A and F have a feeding

speed arrangement, and therefore, you can adjust the diameter of the

pulley in quality wheel to change the rotary speed of the quality wheel

driven by tooth belt and by which the yarn length you prefer can be

precisely fed so as to ensure the good quality of cloth.

 The yarn quantity can be adjusted by the
quality wheels
 Micro-adjustment : Change the diameter
of the puller roller in the quality wheel.

 When the feeding quantity is still over

the regulation factor of the pulley in the
quality wheel, please change the gear
under the wheel button and the speed
ratio between the main shaft driven gear
and the wheel gear were changed at the
same time.

 There are six models of gears to be

changed respectively with 18,20,22,
24,28, and 30 teeth and they can be
changed if required.
 Belt tension
 There is a great deal of
influence of the belt tension
adjustment on the machine or on
the quality of fabric.

 When the belt tension is weak,

there will be the sliding motion
between the belt and the quality
wheel, which leads to the break
of yarn and damage of fabric.
When the belt tension is strong,
it will shorten its life.
Yarn feeding system adjustment

 The yarn feeding system cannot be

adjusted the yarn feeding quantity by
itself, but can select the quality wheel to
control the different feeding quantity.
1. As in Fig1,the yarn feeding system will have no function when the clutch
are adjusted in the position A. Therefore, the yarn feeding quantity is
processed when the needles hook into the yarn to knit fabric.

2. As in Fig2,the yarn feeding system will play a function when the clutch
are adjusted in the upper position B,i.e.the quality wheel which adjusts
the feeding quantity controls the feeding system to feed the yarn.

3. As in Fig3,the yarn feeding system on the lower section will play a

function when the clutch are adjusted the lower position C, i.e. the
feeding quantity of the feeding system on the lower section is
controlled by the quality wheel on the lower section.
Take-up Device
 The purpose of the take-up device is to roll
the knitted fabric stably so that the
machine can be kept running as well as the
knitted fabric can be collected in a fairly
good way to be convenient for the next
process, such as the examination or
transportation.
Take-up device
 This take-up device is in operation by the motor driving the
gear to make the roller drive axle rotate.

 In addition, the roller follower axle close to the roller drive

axle rotates when the spring is tightening each together.

 The belt drive axle rolls up knitted fabric under the drive from
the gear and the transmission force from the belt. The takeup
force is maintained by the torsion force from the motor.

 Therefore, please adjust the rolling force each time when

revise the knitting condition as you use different yarn count
or knit different structure or different fabric density.
How to roll up the knitted fabric
Fabric extending rack
 The purpose of the device is to change the knitted
fabric from the barrel state to the flat state to be
convenient for the take-up device to wind the fabric.
Cont…
 When the fabric width is not unfurled enough
by the rack, the fabric will crease as it goes
to the take- up device.
 When the fabric width is unfurled too much,
the fabric will stretch too much to produce
the shrinkage problem during the dyeing and
finishing processes.
 The above mentioned situations have to be
corrected by adjusting the width of the
fabric extending rack.
Main
transmission
system
THANK YOU