WORD ORDER

 Get ourselves familiar to word order

 Get ready to fulfill a paragraph
 1) Noun
2) Pronoun
3) Verb: TO BE & Ordinary verbs (like, improve, etc.)
Basic word 4) Adjective
form 5) Adverb
6) preposition
 Word from Ending by- Example
Noun – ment, -ion, -ness, -ity Development, environment
Education, nation
Happiness
Necessity, diversity

Adjective (Adj) – able, -ible, – ive, – al, -ic, -ed, – ing; – ous Approachable, understandable
possible, impossible
Productive, native
educational, national
Economic, scenic
developed-developing

Verb – ise/ize, – ate, – en Modernise/modernize

create, donate
Centralise/centralize
fasten, loosen

Adverb (Adv.) -ly Significantly

dramatically
 SUBJECTS, VERBS AND OBJECTS
(a) Almost all English sentences contain
Subject verb a subjects (S) and a verb (V). The
Birds fly. verb may or may not be followed by
an object (O).
Noun verb

(b)  Verbs that are not followed by an

Subject verb object, are called “intransitive
The baby cried. verbs”. Common intransitive
verbs: agree, arrive, come, cry,
1. Basic Noun verb exist, go, happen, live, occur,
rain, rise, sleep, stay, walk.
(c)  “Transitive verbs” (followed by
sentence order Subject
The student
verb
need
object
a pen.
an object: build, cut, find, like,
make, need, send, use, want.
 Some verbs can be both:
Noun verb Noun Intransitive: A student studies.
Transitive: A student studies books.
(d) Subjects and objects are nouns (or
pronouns). Examples of nouns:
My friends enjoy the party. person, place, thing, John, Asia, pen,
Subject verb object information, appearance.
Noun verb Noun
 Let give it a try!
Underline the subject (s), verb (V), and object of the verb (O) in each sentence.
Example: The politician supported new taxes.
S V O

1. The mechanic repaired the engine.

2. Those boxes contain old photographs.

3. The teacher canceled the test.

4. An earthquake destroyed the village.

5. All birds have feathers.

List all of the nouns in the above sentences: politician, taxes

 Let give it a try!
Underline each verbs in these sentences. Write T (Transitive verbs) and I (Intransitive verbs).
Example: Mr. West repeated his question.
T

1. Smoke rises.

2. The children divided the candy.

3. I sneezed.

4. A strange thing happened.

5. The customer bought some butter.

6. Our team won the game.

7. Our team won yesterday.

8. The fog disappeared, and the sun shone.

9. Omar boiled some water. We make some tea and drink it.
 Common prepositions
in on at from

(a) The students studied in the library.

S V prep phrase

(b) We went to the zoom in the afternoon.

2. Prepositions S V prep of place prep of time
 In most of English sentences,
“place” comes before “time”.
and (c) In the afternoon, we went to the zoo.  Sometimes, prep of time

prepositional comes at the beginning of

the sentences.
phrases
 Let give it a try!
Underline prepositional phrase in the following sentences
Example: Grasshoppers destroyed the wheat in the filed.
prep of place

1. The waiter cleared the dirty dishes from our table.

2. I parked my car in the garage.

3. Tree fell during the violent storm.

4. Cowboys depend on horses for transportation.

5. We walked to the park after class.

 Let give it a try!
Underline the subjects (S), verbs (Transitive, or Intransitive), Objects (O) and prepositional phrase (PP).

Example: Alex needs new batteries for this camera.

S V O PP

1. A boom exploded in the road.

2. Sally wore her blue suit to the meeting.

3. Beethoven wrote nine symphonies.

4. Bells originated in Asia.

5. Plants need a reliable supply of water.

6. We enjoyed the view of snowy mountains from the window of our hotel room.

7. The child sat between her parents on the sandy beach. Above herm an eagle flew across the cloudless sky.
 (a) Ann is an intelligent students.
 Adjective describes noun. In
Adj Noun
grammar, we say that
O
adjectives modify nouns.

(b) The hungry child eat fruit.

Adj Noun

3. Adjective
 COMMON WORD FAMILIES
Noun Verb Adjective
Benefit: lợi ích Beneficial: có ích

Development Develop

Environment: môi trường Environmental: thuộc về môi trường

Nation: National:

Economy: nền kinh tế Economic: thuộc về kinh tế

Society: xã hội Social: thuộc về xã hội

Product(s): sản phẩm Produce: sản xuất Productive: năng suất

Production: sự sản xuất
 (a) He walks quickly.
(b) He opened the door quietly.

(c) I am extremely happy. Adverbs are also used to modify adjectives,

Adv adj i.e. to give information about adjectives.

(d) Ann will come tomorrow. Adverbs are also used to express time or
frequency. Examples: tomorrow, today,
yesterday, soon, never, usually, always, yet.

Midsentence adverbs Some adverbs may occur in the middle of a

(e) Ann always comes on time. sentence. Midsentence adverbs have usual
4. Adverbs (f) Ann is always on time.
(g) Ann has always come on time.
positions; they
(1) Come in front of simple present and
(h) Does she always come on time? simple past verbs (except be);
(2) Follow be (simple present/ simple past)
(3) Come between a helping verb and a main
verbs.
Common midsentence adverbs:
ever usually generally seldom never already always
often sometimes rarely not ever finally frequently
occasionally hardly ever just probably
 Midsentence adverbs
Example: Erica has seen snow. » Erica has never seen snow.

1. (often) Ted studies at the library in the evening.

2. (often) Ann is at the library in the evening, too.

3. (already) Fred has finished studying for tomorrow’s test.

4. (seldom) Jack is at home.

5. (always) Does he stay there?

6. (often) He goes into town to hand around with his buddies.

7. (always) You should tell the truth.

 (a) John is intelligent. A sentence with be as the main verb has
BE Adj three basic patterns:
(a): be + an adjective
(b): be + a noun
(c): be + a prepositional phrase
(b) John is a student.
BE Noun

5. The verb (c) John is at the library.

“BE” BE prep. phrase

(d) Mary is writing a letter. Be is also used as auxiliary in progressive

(e) They were listening to some music. verb tenses and in the passive.
(f) That letter was written by Alice. (d) is = auxiliary , writing = main verb
 (a) The soup smells
linking verb
(b) This food tastes delicious.
(c) The children feel happy.
(d) The weather became cold.
6. Linking (e) Grow = increase
 The market is growing rapidly.
verbs  The market is growing rapidly.
(f) grow = plant
 Tomatoes grow best in direct sunlight.
good. Other verbs like be that may be followed
adj immediately by an adjective are called
“linking verbs”. An adjective following a
linking verb describes the subject of an
sentence.
Common verbs that may be followed by
an adjective:
• feel, look, smell, sound, taste
• appear, seem
• become (and get, turn, grow when they
mean “become”)
(g) Grow = become
o The skies grew dark and it began to
rain.
o She grew braver with time.
 (1) The man looks angry. Look has the meaning of “ appear”. An
adjective (angry) follows look. The
adjective describes the subject (the man).

 look vs
look at (2) The man looked at me angrily. Look at has the meaning of “ regards,
watch”. The adverbs (angrily) follows look
at. The adverbs describes the action of
the verb.
 LINKING VERBS
Choose the correct adjective or adverb in parentheses.
Example: This math problem looks (easy, easily). I’m sue I can do it ( easy, easily).

1. That chair looks (comfortable, comfortably).

2. I looked at the problem (careful, carefully) and then solved it.

3. I felt (sad, sadly) when I heard the news.

4. Susan smiled (cheerful, cheerfully). She seemed (cheerful, cheerfully),

5. I tasted the soup (careful, carefully) because it was hot. The soup tasted (good, well).

6. The room got (quiet, quietly) when the professor entered. The students sat (quiet, quietly) at their desks.

7. The sky grew (dark, darkly) as the storm approached.