DIFFERENT TYPES OF SLABS IN CONSTRUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Slab are considered an important structural

element in construction in order to create a
flat surface. (floor, roofs, and ceilings)

Slab are supported by beam, columns, walls,

or the grounds.

The thickness of the concrete slab floor is

very small compared to its span due to the
transferring of the loads to the columns and
beams.
WHY SLABS ( IN CONSTRUCTION)

Slab are designed and constructed in order

to provide a flat surface used for floors,
ceilings and roofs.

The slab transfer the load from the live load

of the structure to the beams or the
columns immediately depending on the
structure of the building .
SLAB CONSTRUCTIONS PROCESS

The construction process of designing and

building slabs starts with the framework and
foundation of the slab by installing the steel
bars that will transfer the tension to the
columns and beams. The pouring of the
concrete after measuring all the ratios and
specifications.

After pouring concrete, depending on the

thickness of the slab – and mixture ratio –
the curing of the slab starts.
SLAB FUNCTIONALITY

1) It gives a flat surface

2) To support loads
3) It gives heat firs and sound insulator
4) The top layer becomes the roof for the
storey below it
5) The space between the ceiling and slab
can be used to place building
applications
SLAB TYPES IN CONSTRUCTION
1) Conventional slab
2) Kitchen slab
3) Sunken slab
4) Sun shade slab
5) Projected slab
6) Grads slab
7) Low roof slab
8) Cable suspension slab
9) Pre tension slab
10) Post tension slab
11) Waffle slab
12) Hardy slab
SLAB TYPES – ONE WAY AND TWO WAYS SLAB
One way slabs: -
They are supported by beams on the two
opposite sides to carry the load along one
direction
The ratio of the longer span to the shorter
span is equal or greater than 2, which is
considered one way slab.
One way slab will always bend in one
direction
SLAB TYPES – ONE WAY AND TWO WAYS SLAB
Two way slab
Two way slab is supported by beams on all
four directions and the load carried by the
supports along both direction.
The ratio of the longer span to the shorter
span is less than 2.
Two way slab bend in two directions.
FLAT SLAB
Flat slab is a reinforced concrete slab
supported directly by the concrete columns
without the support of the beam first.
Flat slabs does not transfer the load to the
beams due to its location which is just
above the columns. Thus is called “beam-
less slab”
Flat slab supported by the columns directly
and transfer all loads to the columns as well.
FLAT SLAB FUNCTION
1) To provide plain ceiling surface giving
better diffusion of light
2) Easy to construct
3) shorter storey building
4) Provided in parking and commercial
building.
5) Less construction time
6) Increase shear strength of the slab
7) Reduce the moment in the slab by
reducing the effective span.
FLAT TYPES
1) Slab without drop and column without
columns head
2) Slab with drop and column without
column head
3) Slab without drop and column with
column head
4) Slab with drop and column with column
head
FLAT SPECIFICATION
1) As per IS 456 minimum thickness of flat
slab shall not be less than 125 mm.
The minimum thickness of flat slab is
125 mm according to IS 456 2000.
2) Critical section for shear in case of flat
slabs is at a distance of d/2 from the
periphery of the column/the capital /
the drop panel, where d is the effective
depth.
Thank you for listening