Present perfect

• We use have/has + the -ed form of the verb.

Pronoun Have/has Verb + ed
Positive I, you, we, they (full form) worked.
she, he, it have
Has

I, you, we, they (short form)

she, he, it ’ve
’s

• To add “just”:
• Pronoun + have/has + just + verb in –ed form:
• I have just started/I’ve just started.
 Negative I, you, we, (full form) worked.
they have not
she, he, it has not

I, you, we, (short form)

they haven’t
she, he, it hasn’t

• To add “just” in a negative sentence:

• Pronoun + have/has not + just + verb in –ed form:
• I have not just started/I’haven’t just started.
 Positive question Have I, you, we, they worked?
Has she, he, it

Negative question (full form) I, you, we, they not worked?

Have she, he, it
Has

• To add “just” in a question:

• Positive question: Have/has + Pronoun + just + verb in –ed form:
• Have I just started?
• Negative question: Have/has + Pronoun + just + not + verb in –
ed form:
• Have I just not started?
Present Perfect use:
• We use the present perfect simple to refer to events in the past but
which connect to the present.

• The word “just” with the present perfect shows an action that was
recently completed, but we don’t know when exactly it was
completed.
Base form -ed form
Listen Listened
play played

Base form which end in -e -ed form

Move Moved
Face Faced

Base form which end in a -ed form (add –ied)

consonant +y
Study Studied
Hurry Hurried
Base form stressed syllable -ed form (double the last
CVC consonant)
Commit committed
Visit visited

Base form which end in a -ed form (double letter l)

vowel + l
Travel Travelled
Control controlled
We use since to refer back to a previous point in the past time. We use since as a
preposition with a date, a time or a noun phrase:

• It was the band’s first live performance since May 1990. (since + date)
• I have been happily married for 26 years, since the age of 21. (since + noun phrase)

We use for with a period of time to refer to duration and with a period of time in the
past, present or future. (how long something lasts):

• There’s a lovely open-air pool near us. We usually go there for a couple of hours in the
evenings when it’s warm enough.
• He lived in Oxford for 3 years and
then he moved. (completed past);

• They’ve lived in Oxford for a couple For refers to periods of time, e.g. 3

of months. (began in the past and years, 4 hours, ages, a long time,
continues into the present);
months, years.
• We’re going to stay in Oxford for
three days and then we’re going to
London for a day. (future plans)

They’ve lived in Oxford since 2004. Since refers to a previous point in time.

• For and Since:
We use the present perfect simple with for and since to talk about a
present situation that began at a specific point in the past and is still
going on in the present. We are looking back from the present to a
point in the past.

That house on the corner has For refers to periods of time, e.g. three

been empty for three years. years, four hours, ages, a long time,
Not: … since three years. months, years.

That house on the Since refers to a previous point in time,

corner hasbeen empty since 2006. e.g. last Monday, last year, 1987,
Not: … for 2006. yesterday.

The house was empty in 2006 and it is

still empty now. (speaking in 2011)
How long …?

We often use expressions with for and since to answer the question
How long …+ present perfect.
We use the How long…? question to ask about the duration of a state
or activity:
A: How long have you worked there?
B: Since 21 August. So for about four months.
Complete these sentences with since or for and the right form of the verb.
Have lived – since
Has worked – since
1. Our family __________ (live) in the north of the USA _____ 1997. Divorced – for
2. My father __________ (work) as an engineer _____ then. Knew – for
3. My parents __________ (divorce) _____ more than five years now. Haven’t seen – since
Haven’t talked – for
4. My sister __________ (know) her boyfriend _____ six years. Have written - since
5. I __________ (not see) my aunt _____ last summer.
6. My friend Tommy lives in the south. I __________ (not talk) to him _____ a long time.
7. My friend Margo __________ (write) me two letter _____ I met her at the summer camp.
1. I’ve known him__________ we were at school.
2. I’ve worn contact lens __________ five years.
3. We’ve lived in France__________ over ten years now.
4. They’ve been here___________5 o’clock.
5. She’s had this dress __________ Christmas. Since
6. The children and their parents have been in Asia__________ seven years. For
For
7. I’ve worked at this school___________ 1970. Since
8. Haven’t you been to America __________July, 1999? Since
9. Mike has been ill __________ a long time. He’s been in hospital _________ October. For
Since
10. “How long have you known Ann?” “ __________ we were at school together.” Since
11. Terry has worked in London ___________ two months. For – since
Since
12. He hasn’ seen Amanda ___________September.
For
13. She has been at college___________1 September. Since
14. Jackie has been in America ___________ a year. Since
For
15. Paul has had six driving lessons ___________ his birthday. since
TIME IS MONEY! How long have you spent with the activities below? Interview your partner and check if you are
equally patient. Use FOR or SINCE.
How long __________ ? You Your partner
 

has your mother waited for you?    

have you waited for someone?    

have you worked in your last job?    

have you traveled most?    

haven’t you seen your best friend?    

haven’t you been sick?    

have you lived in your old house?    

have you been stuck in traffic?    

“Regular” past participle: add –ed or -d
Walked live __________________
walk ________________ Lived
Talked
talk _________________ start _________________ Started
Changed end __________________
change ______________ Ended
Worked look __________________
work ________________ Looked
 
“Irregular” past participle
Bought
buy ________________ pay ___________________ Paid
Seen
see ________________ eat ____________________ Eaten
Spoken
speak ______________ drink ___________________ Drunk
Found
find ________________ send ___________________ Sent
Given
give _______________ spend __________________ Spent
 Have you had
Use the Present Perfect Simple form of the verbs in brackets. I have had
- How long (you/have) ________________ this car? Have you seen
- I (have) ________________ it since 1989. I haven’t seen her
I haven’t finished
– (you/see) ____________________ Ann? I want to talk to her. Have you ever been
- No, I (not/see) _________________ her for a month now. I have been
Has worked
- Would you like to go to the cinema with us? Has never eaten
- No, I (not/finish) ______________________ my homework yet. I have just finished
- (you/ever/be) _______________________ to the USA? Hasn’t he gone
- Yes, I (be) _________________ there three times so far.
Mary works in a hotel. She (work) ____________________ there for three years.
Bill (never/eat) _______________ Chinese food.
- Tim, are you still studying?
- No, I (just/finish) ___________________.
John is not at home. (he/go) _________________ to the supermarket?
• Since or for?
since
My mother has waited for me __________ last week.
I have waited for him __________
for 2 hours.
I have worked in my last job __________
for 5 years.
He has traveled __________
since last month.
They haven’t seen their best friend __________
since my birthday.
She hasn’t been sick __________
for 1 month.
We have lived here __________
since we were kids.
I haven’t been stuck in traffic __________
since the accident.
 since (for/since) last Christmas.
1. I haven't phoned home  __________
since (for/since) nine o'clock.
2. We've been here  __________
for (for/since) more than eight years.
3. I have worked for International House  __________
since(for/since) I left school.
4. I haven't visited my home town __________
for (for/since) ages.
5. I haven't been to the cinema  __________
for (for/since) 9:15.
6. I have studied non-stop  __________
since
7. I have had a driving license  __________ (for/since) I was eighteen.
since
8. She hasn't had a day off  __________ (for/since) 1999.
for
9. Johan has been in England  __________ (for/since) more than two weeks now.
since
10. Peter has been my best friend  __________ (for/since) we were nine.
Since or for?
1. Since
________________ Ten o’clock
2. Since
________________ Christmas
3. Since
________________ Last summer
4. For
________________ Ten minutes
5. For
________________ One month
6. Since
________________ My birthday
7. Since
________________ The last lesson
8. For
________________ A long time
9. For
________________ A week
Since
10. ________________ The beginning of the term
For
11. ________________ Ages
Since
12. ________________ We met the last time
Fill in since or for and the right form of the present perfect.
Joe __________
has been (be) at this school _____
for five years.
Where’s Alison? I __________
haven’t seen (not see) her since
_____ this morning.
Mr Wayne Has __________
known (know) his wife since
_____ they were both small children.
Ben hasn’t
__________
seen (not see) his uncle _____
for several years.
I haven’t
__________
been (not be) vey well _____
since Monday.
My brother __________
has had (have) his new mountain bike _____ for two weeks.
They __________
have lived (live) here since
_____ they first came to Britain.
The poor animal is very hungry. It __________
hasn’t had (not have) anything to eat
_____
for days.
Write a sentence in the present perfect form:
1. (I / just / study / French)
2. (He / live / here for three years)
3. (They / miss / the train)?
4. (John / move / the bed)
1. I have just studied French
5. (Lucy / cook / breakfast)? 2. He has lived here for three years
6. (We / try / roller-skating) 3. Have the missed the train?
7. (She / travel / to Lisboa) 4. John has moved the bed
5. Has Lucy cooked breakfast?
8. (They / not / visit / St. Paul's) 6. We have tryed roller-skating
9. (You / not / study / French for ten years) 7. She has travelled to Lisboa
10. (They / not / arrive / yet)? 8. They haven’t visited St. Paul’s
9. You haven’t studied French for ten years
11. (He / not / live / in Berlin) 10. Have they not arrived yet?
12. (She / not / clean / just / the kitchen) 11. He hasn’t lived in Berlin
13. (You / not / call / me)? 12. She hasn’t just cleaned the kitchen
13. Have you not called me?
14. (They / live / here as long as we have)? 14. Have they lived here as long as we have?
15. (She / miss / the bus)? 15. Has she missed the bus?
True False
Forme frases negativas, afirmativas ou interrogativas:
(ride) a camel __________________________________________________?
Have you ridden a camel?
(eat) cereal __________________________________________________.
I haven’t eaten cereal. (neg.)
(see) a film __________________________________________________.
I have seen a film.
(go) to Japan __________________________________________________?
Have you gone to Japan?
(have) rice porridge for breakfast __________________________________________________?
Have you had rice porridge for breakfast.
(dream) you were chased by a monster __________________________________________________. (neg.)
I haven’t dreamed you were chased by a monster.
(visit) a factory __________________________________________________.
(play) ice hockey __________________________________________________.
I have visited a factory. (neg.)
(do) something dangerous __________________________________________________.
I haven’t played ice hockey.
(make) a snowman __________________________________________________?
I have done something dangerous.
(be) late for school __________________________________________________. (neg.)
Have you made a snowman?
I have been late for school.
Escolha a melhor opção de acordo com present perfect:
1. It’s a great movie. I have _____ that movie many times.
X
a) saw b) seen c) see
2. Eva, Thomas, and Robert _____ Hong Kong many times.
X
a) have been b) been to c) have been to
3. Have you _____ really strange or interesting food?
X
a) ever eaten b) eaten c) ate
4. I’ve cleaned the kitchen, but I _____ the living room yet.
X
a) haven’t clean b) haven’t cleaned c) have cleaned
5. (A) _____ your brother talked to you yet? (B) Yes, he _____
a) Has / did b) Have / have c) Has / has X
6. (A) Have you ever seen a ghost? (B) Yes, I _____
X
a) Have b) ever c) never
7. (A) _____ your teacher graded the tests? (B) Yes, she _____
X
a) Has / has b) Has / have c) Have / graded
Complete com already, yet ou ever:
1) Why haven’t you called the doctor _____?
A) already B)Xyet C) ever
2) Have you _____ been to the Bahamas?
A) alredy B) yet C) ever X
3) I have _____ read your e-mail.
X
A) already B) ever C) yet
4) We haven’t met _____.
A) alredy B) ever C) yet
X
9) I have _____ written an article about tourism.
X
A) already B) ever C) yet
Base form Simple past form Past participle Base form Simple past form Past participle
Stop stopped stopped Eat ate eaten
Buy bought bought Make made made
Do did did Meet met met
Start started started Leave left left
Read read read Take took taken
Study studied studied Understand understood understood
Have had had Find found found
See saw seen spend spent spent
Break broke broken Rain rained rained
Happen happened happened Visit visited visited
Try tried tried Go went gone
Like liked liked Travel travelled travelled
Think thought thought Arrive arrived arrived
Be Was/were been Get got got
PRESENT PERFECT

1. ____ (I / see) that woman

before, but I can’t remember
where.

SeeI’ve seen…
example

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

2.
A: ____ (you / ever / play) golf?
B: Yes, I play golf a lot.

Have youanswer
Correct ever played…

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

3.
A: _____ (you / ever / write) a
poem?
B: Yes, in high school.

Have youanswer
Correct ever written…

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

4.
A: Does Emma know Sam?
B: No, _____ (she / never / meet)
him.

she has answer

Correct never met…

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

5.
Ann and Erick have lots of books,
and ____ (they / read) all of them.

they have
Correct read…
answer

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

6.
____ (I / never / be) to
Australia.

I Correct
have never
answerbeen…

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

7.
Joy’s favorite film is Mission
Impossible. ____ (She / see) it five
times.

She has
Correct seen…
answer

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

8.
____ (I / travel) by plane, bus, and
train. Someday, I want to take a trip
by boat.

I’ve answer
Correct traveled

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

1.
Susan is in New York. She ____
there since Monday.

has been
See example

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

2.
I know Isabel. I _____ her for a
long time.

haveanswer
Correct known

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

3.
Nancy and Sergio are married.
They _____ married since 1997.

have
Correct been
answer

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

4.
Bill is sick. He _____ sick for the
last few days.

has
Correct been
answer

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

5.
We live on Main Street. We
_____ there for ten years.

have
Correct lived
answer

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

6.
Chris works in a bank. He _____
in a bank for five years.

hasanswer
Correct worked

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

7.
Andy has a headache. He _____ a
headache since he got up this
morning.

has
Correct had
answer

HERE!
CLICK
PRESENT PERFECT

8.
I study English on Saturdays. I
_____ English for six months.

haveanswer
Correct studied

HERE!
CLICK
Fill in the gaps with the verbs in the present perfect.
1. My friend Ted _____________ (spend) a lot of money on gadgets.
2. My father _______________ (not/buy) a new car.
3. The students _______________ (write) a lot of tests this term.
4. I _____________________ (travel) a lot.
5. They ___________________ (not/have) lunch this morning.
1 has spent
2 hasn’t bought
3 have written
4 have travelled
5 haven’t had
• Make questions using these words.
• 1. you / visited / Have / ever / Paris ?
• _________________________________
• 2. your dad / ever / Has / anything / invented ?
• __________________________________________________________________
• 3. watched / the best / What’s / you / have / film / ever ?
• __________________________________________________________________
• 4. lived / Jeremy / in / How long / has / Oxford ?
• __________________________________________________________________
• 5. you / the most / book / interesting / have / ever / What’s / read ?
• __________________________________________________________________
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct Present Perfect form:
a) ……………...………(you/
Have you gone go) to the bazaar yet?
Has been
b) Sophie ……………...............………. (be) to the opera before.
Haven’t finished
c) I ………….............……………...….. (not/ finish) my homework yet.
Has been
d) She ………………...…………………… (be) on holiday since last Monday.
Have you lived
e) How long ……………....……...…….. (you/ live) in Turkey?
Have paid
f) I …………....……………...……………….. (pay) the telephone bill.
g) She ……………......………………………
Has worked (work) in a bar since last summer.
h) …………………..…….…………
Have you ever eaten (you/ ever/ eat) Chinese food?
Haven’t done
i) They …………………..……….……….. (not/ do) the shopping yet.
Complete the sentences using the past participle of the verbs in brackets.
1. The train has ___________. We can go out now. (stop)
2. She isn’t ready. She hasn’t __________ her cases yet. (pack)
3. She has ___________ some photos. (take)
4. Sally hasn’t ___________ yet. Where can she be? (arrive)
5. I’ve never ____________ to your mother. (speak) 1. Stopped
2. Packed
6. I haven’t ____________ which shoes to buy yet. (decide) 3. Taken
7. My father has ___________ to Rome. (drive) 4. Arrived
5. Spoken
6. Decided
7. driven
• People have many goals in life. What are some goals you have already accomplished?
• What are some goals you want to accomplish, but haven’t accomplished yet?
• Have you ever done something that you were really proud of?
• Have you ever done something really nice for someone else?
• Think of some more have you ever questions to ask your partner.
• What are some places you have already been to?
• Where are some places you haven’t been to yet that you plan to go to some day?
• Is there something you are working on now, but haven’t finished yet?
• What is a goal your country is working towards? What have they already done to reach
that goal? What haven’t they done yet?
• Why don’t we have flying cars yet?
• How did you feel on your last birthday?
• When you last saw money on the ground, what did you do?
• Have you ever flown on an airplane? Where did you fly to?
• What did you get for your birthday?
• Where did you go on the weekend?
• What was the last thing you bought?
• Did you have a good time on your last vacation?
• What time did you leave your house this morning?
• a woman riding a horse
• Have you ever ridden a horse? Where and when did you ride it?
• Who won the last FIFA World Cup?
• Have you lent money to another person? How much did you lend?
 Never have I ever
1. been on TV? 1. gone skiing?
2. driven or rode in a sports car? 2. gotten a horrible haircut?
3. eaten anything really strange? 3. received a gift you hated?
4. fallen down stairs? 4. played a joke on a friend?
5. fallen asleep and when you woke up you didn’t know
5. fallen in front of a large group of people?
where you were?
6. forgotten an important birthday? 6. had a déjà vu experience?
7. walked into something when you were texting? 7. slept someplace strange?
8. dialed your country’s emergency number? 8. worked a job you hated?
9. given a public speech? 9. shop lifted something from a store?
10. built a snowman? 10. injured yourself while trying to impress someone?
11. fallen asleep while talking on the phone? 11. surfed?
12. tried riding a skateboard? 12. dyed your hair?
13. started laughing when no one else is laughing because 13. been slapped?
you thought of something funny?
14. hunted and killed an animal?
14. been swimming where you couldn’t touch the bottom?
15. woken up and not been able to move?
15. worked at in a customer service job?
• Who is the person you most recently met for the first time?
• Are you good at making things? What did you make that you're proud of?
• Have you lost something valuable? What did you lose? Did you find it?
• What was the last book that you read?
• What did you say?
• Did you see any good movies lately?
• How many hours did you sleep last night?
• Did you ever speak in front of an audience? How many people did you speak in front of?
How did you feel?
• How did the fish get home?
• What did your parents teach you?
• What did you think about me when we first met?
• Why did you wear those clothes today?
• Did you write anything down today? What did you write?
• Have you ever drastically changed your hair style or clothing style in a short time?
• Have you ever shot a gun?
• Have you ever ridden an animal?
• Where have you traveled?
• What sports have you played?
• Where is the best place you have ever been?
• What’s the craziest thing you have ever done?
• What interesting foods have you eaten?
• What are some unique accomplishments you have done?
• Have you ever screamed at someone in public?
• Who is the greatest person you have ever met?
• How long have you studied English?
• What is the best and worst restaurant you have eaten at?
• What have you done a lot this week?
• What is the most exciting thing you have ever done?
• What have you done too many times?
• What is the longest you have been awake for?
 lose
feel ride tell lose
lost
lost
have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

has lost his first tooth.

Brian_________
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
forget
leave forget
forgot
forgotten
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

have forgotten my trousers.

I think I ________________
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
get
verb.
get
got
got / gotten
fall
drink be eat win meet

have just ____

Bob and Sue _____ got married.
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
win
drink be eat win
won
won
meet
It’s the second time this week that
has won a game of bingo.
granny________
 feel ride tell lose have
break
break
broke
broken
work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

has broken your heart again?

Who ___________
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
fall
verb.
get fall
fell
fallen

drink be eat win meet

has fallen in love with
He __________
the new girl in his class.
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend
spend
spent
spent
sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

have spent all my money.

I___________
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
be
drink be
was / were
been
eat win meet

Have you ever______late

_____ been for work?
 feel ride tell lose have
work
break work
worked
worked

spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

has worked hard all day.

My father____________
 ride
feel ride
rode
ridden
tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

have never _______

I_____ ridden a bike before.
 have
feel ride tell lose have
had
had

break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet
have had dinner together
We _________
a few times this week.
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
meet
drink be eat win meet
met
met

have finally _____

I _____ met Lucy, the new student
from the USA.
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
see Choose
see
saw
seen
the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet
Have you ever _____
_____ seen someone riding a
duck?
 feel
feel
felt
felt
ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

has felt very sick since Friday.

She________
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
sell
spend sell
sold
sold

leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

has not _____

Michael____ sold all his stuff yet.
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
eat
drink be eat
ate
eaten
win meet

has
Seth_____never eaten snails before.
______
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink
drink
drank
drunk
be eat win meet

have drunk too much.

They____________
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave
leave
left
left
forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

has just ____

Rob ____ left school.
 feel ride tell lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose speak
see the
correct
speak
spoke
spoken
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet
have not ________
We _____ spoken to each other
since Sunday.
 tell
feel ride tell
told
told
lose have
break work
spend sell
leave forget
Choose
see the
correct
speak
verb.
get fall
drink be eat win meet

has told me Jane’s secret.

He________
Accelerate: The action of pushing the accelerator pedal to make a vehicle move faster. (verb)
Accident: When a vehicle hits another vehicle or object (ex. a tree, a sign, etc.). (noun)
Ambulance: A special vehicle to help injured people by taking them to the hospital. It uses flashing
lights and sound to get other drivers’ attention. (noun)
Back seat: The seat in the back of a car. (noun)
Back up: To move a vehicle backwards. (verb)
Blinker: A flashing light that drivers use to show others that they will turn their car left or right
(same as turn signal) (British English). (noun)
Boot: A storage area that is located at the back of a vehicle. It is opened from outside (same as
trunk) (British English). (noun)
Bridge: A road that is built over an obstacle. (noun)
Change lanes: To move your vehicle into another lane. (verb)
Console: The small storage area located between a vehicle’s front seats. (noun)
Convertible: A style of car that has a removable roof. (noun)
Crosswalk: A special place for pedestrians to cross a road. (noun)
Decelerate: The action of pushing the brake pedal to make a vehicle move more slowly.  (verb)
Destination: The final place that you plan to go when you are driving. (noun)
Driver: The person who controls a car, truck, or bus. (noun)
Driver’s license: A plastic card with personal information and a picture of the person who has
permission to drive a vehicle. (noun)
Fire truck: A special vehicle with equipment to stop fires. It uses flashing lights and sound to get
other drivers’ attention. (noun)
Flat tire: When a tire loses all of its air. (noun)
Fog: A cloud that is on or a little above the ground. (noun)
Gas station: A small store that sells gasoline, snacks, and drinks (same as petrol station) (American
English). (noun)
Hazard lights: The special flashing lights on a car that drivers use when there is an emergency or
danger. (noun)
Headlights: The lights located at the front of a vehicle. These are usually used when driving at
night. (noun)
Honk: The action of pressing a vehicle’s horn. (verb)
Horn: A device that creates a loud sound and alerts other drivers and pedestrians. It is located in the
center of the steering wheel and is activated when pressed. (noun)
Intersection: A place where more than one road meets (American English). (noun)
Interstate: A very long road where vehicles drive at fast speeds. These roads are not inside a city
center but are outside or beside a city. (noun)
Lanes: The strips of road with painted lines on both sides for vehicles to travel on. (noun)
License plate: A metal plate with special numbers and letters that police can use to identify a car
owner. They are usually located on the front and back of a vehicle. (noun)
Motorcycle: A kind of transportation that looks like a bicycle but has a motor. It has no doors or
top. (noun)
One-way street: A street where drivers can only move in one direction. (noun)
Park: To stop and turn off a vehicle in an area (usually a parking lot). (verb)
Parking lot: A special place to leave a vehicle. (noun)
Pass: When you increase your car’s speed in order to drive in front of the car ahead of you.  People do
this when the car ahead of them is driving too slowly. (verb)
Passenger: A person who travels in transportation (ex. car, airplane, bus) but does not control it. (noun)
Pedestrian: A person who is walking close to or beside a road. (noun)
Petrol station: A small store that sells gasoline, snacks, and drinks (same as gas station) (British
English). (noun)
Pull in: To park a car by moving it forward (usually into a parking space). (noun)
Pull over: To stop a car on the side of the road. (noun)
Railroad crossing: A place where the road crosses railroad tracks. (noun)
Rearview mirror: A mirror that is located at the top center of the front windshield. Drivers use it to see
behind their car. (noun)
Road: The place cars travel on that is made of concrete or asphalt. (noun)
Road rage: When a driver feels strong anger towards other drivers. (noun)
Rush hour: The hour or hours when the most cars are on the road (this is usually when people are
driving to work or home from work). (noun)
Seat belt: A belt that crosses the body in the front to keep drivers and passengers safe. (noun)
Shotgun: American slang that means to ride in a vehicle’s front passenger seat. (noun)
Side mirrors: The mirrors that are located on the sides of a car’s two front doors. Drivers use these to see beside their car. (noun)
Sign: An object with a picture or writing that is put beside or above the road for drivers to read or see. (noun)
Skid marks: Black marks on a road made by tires when a vehicle stops too quickly. (noun)
Slow down: The action of pushing the brake pedal to make a vehicle move more slowly (same as decelerate). (noun)
Speed bump: A strip of concrete in the center of a road that is designed to slow a vehicle’s speed. (noun)
Speed limit: The fastest legal driving speed in an area. (noun)
Speed up: The action of pushing the accelerator pedal to make a vehicle move faster (same as accelerate). (verb)
Speeding: When you drive a vehicle faster than you are allowed to. (noun)
Steer: To control a vehicle’s direction by moving the steering wheel to the left or right. (verb)
Steering wheel: The round wheel drivers use to control a car’s direction. (noun)
Stop: The act of pushing the brake pedal until a vehicle stops. (verb)
Swerve: To quickly move your car to the left or right in order to avoid hitting something. (verb)
Tailgate: When a vehicle drives very close to the car in front of it. (verb)
Ticket: A piece of paper that a police officer gives you for breaking a driving law. Tickets require you to pay money for your mistake. (noun)
Tires: The round rubber wheels attached to the bottom of a vehicle. (noun)
Toll road: A road that you must pay to drive your vehicle on. (noun)
Traffic jam: When many vehicles are in front of one another and move very slowly or are stopped. (noun)
Traffic light: An electric light with green, yellow, and red colors. It tells drivers when to move and stop their cars. (noun)
Trunk: A storage area that is located at the back of a vehicle. It is opened from outside (same as boot) (American English). (noun)
Turn: The act of moving a vehicle left or right. (verb)
Turn signal: A flashing light that drivers use to show others that they will turn their car left or right (same as blinker) (American
English). (noun)
Vehicle: Another word for car, van, or lorry. (noun)
Windshield wipers: Devices which are located on a car’s front windshield. They move back and forth to remove rain and snow from the
glass. (noun)
Windshield: The clear glass located at the front and back of a vehicle. (noun)
Yield: To wait and allow other cars to move before you. (verb)
• Learn English driving vocabulary from inside the car with me – YouTub
e
• ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN MY CAR – YouTube
• ENGLISH VOCABULARY - YouTube
• Driving in English: Car & Road Vocabulary – YouTube (how to drive)
• If you were driving for a long time and you caught yourself almost falling asleep,
what would you do?
• If someone told you that you were a terrible driver, how would you feel?
• Would you trust a driver if you knew that they caused an accident in the past?
• If given the chance, would you like to be a driving instructor? Why? Why not?
• Would you consider yourself a terrible driver if you caused a road accident?
• If you could drive only one car for the rest of your life, which one would you choose?
• If you could drive anywhere, where would you go?
• If you were driving in the middle of the night and your car broke down, what would
you do?
• Would you ever get in a car with someone who had a few drinks?
• If you could change one thing about driving regulations in your country, what would
it be?
• If you could have any car you wanted, which one would you choose and why?
• If you could buy a self-driving car, would you?
• How would you spend your time in a self-driving car?
• If you borrowed a car from your sibling and you damaged it, what would you
do?
• If you were rich and your 16-year-old asked you to buy them a car for their
birthday, would you?
• What would you do if you found out that your son/daughter used your car
without asking for your permission?
• What would you do if you saw someone trying to steal your car?
• What would the world be like if cars didn't exist?
• If you had the chance, would you like to have a personal driver?
• Would you rather have a car that could drive underwater or a car that could fly?
Are you into cars? My brother is. He’s car czary. He buys
car sgieaanzm, watches car programmes on TV and spends
hours looking at car swebstie. He knows the name, maker,
engine size and top speed of every car on the antpel. Every
time we go out, he talks non-stop about the cars he sees. I like
cars. They are interesting. If I had a lot of money, I’d like to
buy a sstorp car. I’m saving up for a small car at the toenmm.
I’ll probably buy a yirhdb car that is good for the ervionentmn.
Crazy
My brother thinks these are bnigor. He says a car shouldMagazines
be
Websites
powerful and fast. I don’t agree. I think cars should get Planet
you
from A to B and be big eohngu for me and my friends. I Sportsalso
Moment
prefer smaller cars because they are aeersi to park. Hibrid
environment
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easier
• What is David doing?
• How much does it cost David?
• How can David save money next time?

• What do you think about reckless driving?

• What do you think about drunk driving? What is the punishment for
this offense in your country?
TRANSPORT
Car
 Cars

Race car Police car Taxi

Convertible
Van
Pickup truck
SUV
Taxi
Bus
 Buses

Transit bus School bus Double decker bus

Truck
 Trucks

Trailer truck Pickup truck Tow truck

Jeep
Tow truck
ambulance
Moving van
MOVING
VAN
Semi truck
Dump truck
Cement truck
Golf cart
Motor home
Bicycle
 Bicycles

Mountain bicycle Tricycle City bicycle

Scooter
Tricycle
Unicycle
Motorcycle
 Motorcycles

Race motorcycle Off-road Scooter

motorcycle
Horse and buggy
Train
 Trains

Bullet train Subway Freight train

Boat
 Boats

Sailboat Battleship Catamaran

Airplane
 Airplanes

Passenger airplane Fighter jet Seaplane

a in hasn’t changed lot Transportation really the past 100
years. in When think changes other you about areas of our life,
transportation it as same the much pretty is was years ago. OK,
cars, trains and airplanes are faster, but they they’re so than
were not different 50 years ago. Take airplanes, for example. I
think air travel has got worse. flew people , ago years Fifty were
and given great service. Today, you are like sardines in a can.
And look at cars. from cars The nicer look ago years fifty than
today’s ones. They wheels four had still and petrol used , had a
steering wheel. I think transportation will really only personal
change when it becomes more. I’m waiting for my own jet pack
of mini-copter. Transportation hasn’t really changed a lot in
When you think about changes in other
is pretty much the same as it was
they’re not so different than they were
Fifty years ago, people flew and were
The cars from fifty years ago look nicer 
still had four wheels, used petrol and
really only change when it becomes more personal
 Transportation
Hidden Picture Game
Paddle boat
helicopter
Car
Bus
Motorbike
Mountain bike
yacht
canoe
Inline skate
moped
AEROPLANE
Truck
Rocket
Motorboat
Submarine
What do I ride?
What do I ride?
What do I ride?
What do I ride
What do I ride?
What do I ride?
What do I ride?
• Discussion
• What are the traffic rules in your country? Can you describe some?
• Do you follow the traffic rules? Why or why not?
• Have you seen a traffic accident before?
• Have you ever been rushed to the hospital because of a traffic accident?
• How often do you drive? What are your safety measures?
• What can we do to avoid traffic accidents?
Describe the following items in your own words.
• Describe the transportation system in your country.
• Describe the measures that could be taken to improve traffic congestion.
• Describe your favorite means of transportation.
• Describe your least favorite means of transportation.
• Describe what you think will become the most popular means of
transportation in the future.