EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

CHAPTER 04
WHAT IS EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE (EI)?
• The ability to understand the needs and feeling of oneself and other people. Manage
one’s own feeling and respond to others in appropriate way.
• The capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating
ourselves, and for managing emotions well in ourselves and in our relationships.
• EI is critical to managing your behavior, moving smoothly through social situations
and making critical choices in life.
• Basic emotions presumed to be hard wired and psychologically distinctive;
– Joy
– Surprise
– Sadness
– Anger
– Disgust
– Fear
THREE MAIN MODELS OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
• Ability IE Model
The ability based model views emotions as useful sources of information that help one to make sense of and navigate
the social environment.
The model proposes that individuals vary in their ability to process information of an emotional nature in their ability to
relate emotional processing to a wider cognition. This ability is seen to manifest itself in certain adaptive behaviors.
The model claims that EI includes four types of abilities;
• Perceiving emotions
• Using emotions
• Understanding emotions
• Managing emotions
• Mixed models of EI
The model introduce by Daniel Goleman-focuses on EI as a wide array of competencies and skills that drive
leadership performance.
• Self awareness – the ability to read one’s emotions and recognize their impact while using gut feelings to
guide decisions.
• Self management – involves controlling one’s emotions and impulses and adapting too changing
circumstances
• Social awareness – the ability to sense, understand, and react to other’s emotions while comprehending
social networks
• Relationship management – the ability to inspire, influence and develop others while managing conflict

• Trait EI
Trait EI refers to an individual’s self-preparations of their emotional abilities. This definition of EI
encompasses behavioral dispositions and self-perceived abilities and is measured by self report, as
opposed to the ability based model which refers to actual abilities, which have proven highly resistant to
scientific measurement.
Trait EI should be investigated within a personality framework.
COMPONENTS OF EI
 Self-awareness—being aware of what
you’re feeling
 Self-management—the ability to
manage your own emotions and
impulses
 Self-motivation—the ability to persist
in the face of setbacks and failure
 Empathy—the ability to sense how
others are feeling
 Social skills—the ability to handle the
emotions of others
SELF AWARENESS
• People with greater certainty about their feelings are better pilots of their
lives and have a surer sense about how they feel about personal
decisions.
• Values of taking time for self-awareness requires abilities
– To recognize appropriate body cues and emotions
– To label cues and emotions accurately
– To stay open to unpleasant as well as pleasant emotions
– Includes the capacity for experiencing and recognizing multiple and conflicting
emotions
DEVELOPING EMPATHY
• Empathy is the ability to recognize another’s emotional state, which
is very similar to what you are experiencing
• In research on married couples, empathy appears to include
matching the psychological changes of the other person.
• Developing empathy links to;
– Greater emotional stability
– Greater interpersonal sensitivity
– Better academic performance
THE ART OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

• The excel at people skills means having and using the competencies to be
an effective friend, negotiator and leader.
• One should be able to guide an interaction, inspire others make others
comfortable in social situations, and persuade others,
• The suitable and complex abilities which underlie people skills;
– Being attuned to others emotions
– Promoting comfort in other through
– The proper use of display rules
– Using own emotional display to establish a sense of rapport
EI FRAMEWORK

• The Intrapersonal • The Interpersonal

Realm Realm
• The Adaptability • The Stress
Realm Management Realm
• The General Mood Realm
INTRAPERSONAL REALM
CONCERNS YOUR ABILITY TO KNOW AND MANAGE YOURSELF
• Self awareness – the ability to recognize how you are feeling and why you are feeling that way and the
impact your behavior has on others
• Assertiveness – the ability to clearly express your thoughts and feelings, stand your ground and defend a
position.
• Independence – the ability to be self-directed and self-controlled in your thinking and actions and to be free
of emotional dependency. Independent people are self-reliant in planning and making important decisions.
• Self-regard – the ability to appreciate your perceived positive aspects and possibilities as well as to accepts
and limitations and still feel good about yourself.
• Self-actualization – the ability to realize your potential. This component of emotional intelligence is
manifested by becoming involved in pursuits that lead to a meaningful, rich and full life
INTERPERSONAL REALM
YOUR ABILITY TO INTERACT AND GET ALONG WITH OTHERS

• Empathy – the ability to understand what others might be feeling and thinking,
it is the ability to view the world through another person’s eye.
• Social responsibility – the ability to demonstrate that you are a cooperative,
contributing and constructive member of your group.
• Interpersonal relation – the ability to forge and maintain relationships that are
mutually beneficial and marked by give and take and a sense of emotional
closeness.
ADAPTABILITY REALM
INVOLVES YOUR ABILITY TO BE FLEXIBLE AND REALISTIC, AND TO SOLVE A RANGE OF
PROBLEMS AS THEY ARISE

• Reality testing – the ability to assess the correspondence between what’s experienced and what
objectively exists. Its is the capacity to see things objectively, the way they are, rather than the
way we wish or fear them to be.
• Flexibility – the ability to adjust your emotions, thoughts and behavior to changing situations
and conditions. This component of emotional intelligence applies to your overall ability to
adapt to unfamiliar, unpredictable and dynamic circumstances.
• Problem solving – the ability to identify and define problems as well as to generate and
implement potentially effective solutions.
STRESS MANAGEMENT REALM
YOUR ABILITY TO TOLERATE STRESS AND CONTROL IMPULSES

• Stress tolerance – the ability to withstand adverse events and stressful situations
without falling apart by actively and positively coping with stress.
It is associated with the capacity to be relaxed and composed and to calmly face
difficulties without getting carried away by strong emotions.
• Impulse control – the ability to resist or delay an impulse, drive or temptation
to act. Impulse control entails a capacity for accepting your aggressive
impulses, being composed and controlling aggression, hostility and
irresponsible behavior.
GENERAL MOOD REALM
CONCERNS YOUR OUTLOOK ON LIFE, YOUR ABILITY TO ENJOY YOURSELF AND OTHERS AND YOUR
OVERALL FEELING OF CONTENTMENT OR DISSATISFACTION.

• Happiness – the ability to feel satisfied with your life, to enjoy yourself and
there and to have fun. Happiness combines self-satisfaction, general
contentment and the ability to enjoy life.
• Optimism – the ability to look at the brighter side of life and to maintain a
positive attitude even in the face of adversity. Optimism assumes a measure of
hope in one’s approach to life.
IMPORTANCE OF EI
• Ei is the pattern how people’s biases in their thinking leads them to think one thing or choice is better
than another, as well as their clarity in differentiating within those biases to exercise clear and sound
judgment.
• EI is the foundation for critical skills;
– Decision-making
– Time management
– Empathy
– Change tolerance
– Team work
– Communication
– Presentation skills
– Social skills
– Stress tolerance and anger management
– Assertiveness
STRATEGIES FOR PROMOTING EI

• Taking the time for mindfulness

• Recognizing and naming emotions
• Understanding the causes of feelings
• Differentiating between emotions and the need to take actions
• Preventing depression through ‘learning optimism’
• Managing anger through learned behavior or distraction techniques
• Listening for the lessons of feelings
• Using “gut feelings” in decision making
• Developing listening skills
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
WHAT IS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY?
• Being socially responsible means that people and organizations must behave ethically and with
sensitivity toward social, cultural, economic and environmental issues.
• Social responsibility is a duty of every individual has to perform so as to maintain a balance
between the economy and the ecosystems.
• Striving for social responsibility helps individuals, organizations and government have a positive
impact on development, business and society with a positive contribution to bottom-line results.
• It pertains not only to business organizations but also to everyone whose any action impacts the
environment.
• This responsibility can be passive, by avoiding engaging in socially harmful acts or active by
performing activities that directly advance social goals.
DIMENSIONS OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
• Legal
– refers to obeying governmental laws and regulations.
– Civil law- rights and duties of individuals
– Criminal law – prohibits specific actions and imposes fines or imprisonment as punishment for
breaking the law
• Ethical
– Behaviors and activities that expected or prohibited by organizational members, the community and
society
– Standards, norms, or expectations that reflect the concern of major stakeholders.
• Economic
– How resources for the production of goods and services are distributed with the social system
– Consumers always favor socially responsible companies or they most enamored with companies that
maximize profits.
• Philanthropic
– Business contributions to society
– Charitable trusts
STUDENT SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
• It is the responsibility of every student for his or her actions.
• It is morally binding everyone to act in such a way that the people around them are not
adversely affected.
• This is based in an individual’s ethics.
• It may be impractical, especially in the modern competitive world, where everyone works
for their self-interest, but will succeed if we take decisions based on what will benefit a
large number of people and respect everyone's fundamental rights.
• As individuals we can make our small contributions to society by donating money to
trustworthy, saving our resources by reducing our consumptions, example- by switching
off lights or computers when not in use.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)
• Corporate social responsibility is nothing but how the business
takes responsibility for social, economic and environmental
impacts it may produce from its operation or products.
• Organization’s obligation to make decisions and take actions
that will enhance the welfare and interests of society and
organization.
• Being a good corporate citizen.
• Organizations voluntarily taking further steps to improve the
quality of life for employees and their families as well as for
the local community and society at large.
INDIVIDUAL SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (ISR)
• This is about an individual becoming responsible in his/her actions that have affect on
communities outside his/her immediate circle.
• The immediate circle being family and friends.
• There can be an argument about also including family and friends, but it would be
rather pertinent to include them as part of individual personal responsibility.
• Individual social responsibility expands on this by promoting a proactive stance
towards positively influencing and affecting the people and environments outside your
immediate circle.
• Individual is at the roots corporate social responsibility, because a corporate comprises
of individuals and hence determines the social responsibility culture it creates. This is
the intermingled relationship between CSR and individual social responsibility.
REASONS FOR SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
• Business enterprises are creatures society and should respond to the demands of society.
• If the management does not react to changes in social demands, the society will either force
them to do so through laws or will not permit the enterprise to survive.
• Therefore the long term interests of business are best served when management assume social
responsibilities.
• The image of business organization are liked with the quality of its products and customer
service and the extent to which it fulfills the expectations of owners, employees, consumers,
government and the community at large.
• For long-term success it matters a great deal if the firm has a favorable image in the public
mind.
• Every business enterprise is a organ of society and its activities have impact on the social
scene.