Consenquences of the natural disasters.

Made by :- Aaradhya Singh 6th A

Floods

1. A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is

usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also
be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are an area of study
of the discipline hydrology and are of significant concern in
agriculture, civil engineering and public health.  Flood is an
overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry.
Floods are an area of study in the discipline of hydrology. They
are the most common and widespread natural severe weather
event.
Floods can look very different because flooding covers anything
from a few inches of water to several feet. They can also come
on quickly or build gradually.
Causes of flood

2. As we mentioned above, there are plenty of different causes of

flooding. While different flood types typically have different causes,
most floods are caused by one of the following activities.

1. Heavy rainfall is the simplest cause of flooding. When there is too

much rain or it happens too fast, there just isn’t a place for it to go. This
can result in floods like flash flooding.

2. Overflowing rivers are another cause of floods. You don’t

necessarily need heavy rains though to experience river flooding.
As we mentioned before, river flooding can happen when there is
debris in the river or dams that block the flow of the water.
How floods occur

3. Floods are the most frequent type of natural disaster and

occur when an overflow of water submerges land that is usually
dry. Floods are often caused by heavy rainfall, rapid snowmelt or a
storm surge from a tropical cyclone or tsunami in coastal areas.
4. A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word
may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are an area of study of the discipline hydrology and are of
significant concern in agriculture, civil engineering and public health. Human changes to the environment often
increase the intensity and frequency of flooding, for example land use changes such as deforestation and 
removal of wetlands, changes in waterway course or flood controls such as with levees, and larger environmental
issues such as climate change and sea level rise.
Drought

1. A drought is an event of prolonged shortages in the water

supply, whether atmospheric (below-average precipitation), 
surface water or ground water. A drought can last for months or
years, or may be declared after as few as 15 days. It can have a
substantial impact on the ecosystem and agriculture of the
affected region[3] and cause harm to the local economy. Annual
dry seasons in the tropics significantly increase the chances of a
drought developing and subsequent wildfires. Periods of heat can
significantly worsen drought conditions by hastening evaporation
of water vapour.
Causes of drought

1. A drought is a period of drier-than-normal conditions that results in

water-related problems.
The amount of precipitation at a particular location varies from year to
year, but over a period of years the average amount is fairly constant. In
the deserts of the Southwest, the average precipitation is less than 3
inches per year. In contrast, the average precipitation in the Northwest
is more than 150 inches per year.
When little or no rain falls, soils can dry out and plants can die. When
rainfall is less than normal for a period of weeks to years, streamflows
decline, water levels in lakes and reservoirs fall, and the depth to water
in wells increases. If dry weather persists and water-supply problems
develop, the dry period can become a drought.
How drought occur

2. When rainfall is less than normal for a period of weeks to

years, streamflows decline, water levels in lakes and reservoirs
fall, and the depth to water in wells increases. If dry weather
persists and water-supply problems develop, the dry period can
become a drought.
4. Drought is a recurring feature of the climate in most parts of
the world. However, these regular droughts have become more
extreme and more unpredictable due to climate change. In fact
studies based on dendrochronology, or tree rings dating, confirm
that drought affected by climate change goes back to 1900. One
can divide the effects of droughts and water shortages into three
groups: environmental, economic and social. Environmental effects
include the drying out of wetlands, more and larger wildfires, 
loss of biodiversity.  Economic consequences include lower
agricultural, forests, game and fishing output, higher food-
production costs, problems with water supply for the energy sector
 and disruption of water supplies for municipal economies.