EVIDENCES OF

EVOLUTION
PRESENTED BY:
DAVE MATTHEW LIBIRAN
ROMA KATHERINE FELIX
EVOLUTION

WHAT IS EVOLUTION?
 THE CHANGE IN INHERITED TRAITS OR SUCCESIVE
GENERATION IN POPULATIONS OF ORGANISMS
 THIS ALLOWED ORGANISMS TO ADAPT AND SURVIVE IN
THEIR ENVIRONMENT
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION

5 EVIDENCES OF EVOLUTION
 FOSSIL RECORDS
 BIOGEOGRAPHY
 COMPARATIVE ANATOMY
 COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY/EMBRYONIC
DEVELOPMENT
 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY/GENETIC INFORMATION
FOSSIL RECORDS

 Fossil records are traces of organisms that lived in the

past and were preserved by natural process or catastrophic
events
 Fossils document the existence of now extinct past
species that are related to present day species
 Fossils are usually found in sedimentary rocks
How are the scientist determined the ages of
fossils?

Radioactive dating
Relative dating
 Method used to determine the age of
 The age of rock Is compared to other rocks using decay of radioactive
rock layer isotopes of Carbon-14 which is
present in rocks when the organism
died
6 MAIN TYPE OF FOSSILS
IMPRINTS COMPRESSIONS
IMPRINTS
It is a shallow
external molds
left by animals or
plant tissues with
little or no
organic material
present
COMPRESSIONS
It is animal or plant
tissues preserved in
sedimentary rock
and is formed with
more organic
material
EXAMPLES
OF FOSSIL
RECORDS
EXAMPLES
OF FOSSIL
RECORDS
BIOGEOGRAPHY

 The study of where organisms live now and where they

and their ancestors lived before in the past
 Ittells the difference and similarities between organisms
in different locations around the world
 Provides evidences of how modern species share a
common ancestor but have evolved to fit environments in
different locations
 BIOGEOGRAPHY
 Small size black birds
 Found in Galapagos
island
 20 varieties differ in size
and beak shape
 Due to different food
habits
BIOGEOGRAPHY
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY

 Study of similarities and differences in the structure of

different species
3 Types of structures in Comparative Anatomy
 Homologous Structure
 Analogous Structure
 Vestigial Structure
HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURE

 Body parts of organisms that may perform

different function but are the same origin
 The presents of homologous structure is a strong
indicator organisms evolved from common
ancestor
HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURE
Divergent Evolution
ANALOGOUS STRUCTURE

 Body parts of organisms that may perform the same

function but are of the different origins
 Analogous structures are similar structure in organisms
without shared ancestry. These structure evolved
independently to serve the same purpose
ANALOGOUS STRUCTURE
Convergent Evolution

 Two or differents species evolves similar trait in spite of

having distinct ancestors
VESTIGIAL STRUCTURE

 Body parts that are useless or left over from previous ancestor in
which they were useful
VESTIGIAL STRUCTURE
COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY/EMBRYONIC
DEVELOPMENT

 The portion of the life cycle that begins just after

fertilization
 Many
organisms have similar embryos, supporting idea of
common ancestor
COMPARATIVE
EMBRYOLOGY/
EMBRYONIC
DEVELOPMENT
COMPARATIVE
EMBRYOLOGY/
EMBRYONIC
DEVELOPMENT
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY/GENETIC
INFORMATION

 Small mutations or changes in

DNA eventually lead to the
evolution of new species
GENETIC INFORMATION OF HUMAN
AND CHIMPANZEE