PRONOUNS

• Personal pronouns

• Possessive pronouns

• Reflexive pronouns

• Relative pronouns
PERSONAL PRONOUNS

A personal pronouns replaces

• The subject of a sentence (it is called the subject pronoun)

• The object of a sentence (it is called the object pronoun)
• A subject pronoun and an object pronoun can be singular or
plural
SINGULAR

Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun

I Me
You You
He Him
She Her
it it
SUBJECT PRONOUNS

• A subject pronoun replaces the subject of a sentence

• Examples:
• The poet said to his friend over his mobile phone, “ I am
standing on a balcony overlooking the vast oil palm
plantation.”
• I refers to the poet > I is a subject pronoun
SUBJECT PRONOUNS

• The vast oil palm plantation is an enchanting sight to

behold.

• It is an enchanting sight to behold.

• It refers to the vast oil palm plantation

> It is a subject pronoun

SUBJECT PRONOUNS

• Isabella nurtures young talents at the Performing Arts

Academy.

• She nurtures young talents at the Performing Arts Academy.

• She refers to Isabella > She is a subject pronoun

OBJECT PRONOUNS

Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun

You You

We Us

they them
SUBJECT PRONOUNS

Examples:
• Josephine, Wilfred and I met Jackie Chan when we were
in transit at Narita International Airport.
• We met Jackie Chan when we were in transit at
International Airport.
• We replaces Josephine, Wilfred and I > We is a subject
pronoun.
SUBJECT PRONOUNS: PLURAL

• “The employees should not turn down the lucrative offer

from the company,” the supervisor said.
• “You should not turn down the lucrative offer from the
company,” the supervisor said.
• You replaces the employees > You is a subject pronoun
SUBJECT PRONOUNS: PLURAL

• The Art and Design students are more creative than the
Accountancy students.

• They are more creative than the Accountancy students.

• They replaces the Art and Design students > They is a

subject pronoun
 OBJECT PRONOUNS: A WORD
THAT REPLACES THE OBJECT OF
A SENTENCE
Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun
Singular Plural
I me
you you You
he him
she her
It It
we us
they them
OBJECT PRONOUNS: EXAMPLES

• Ali read Ocean Secrets written by Datuk

Mansur Ismail last night.
• Ali read it last night.
• It replaces Ocean Secrets > it is an object
pronoun
• Mr. Daniel will visit his son in Australia in
July.
• Mr. Daniel will visit him in Australia in July.
• him replaces his son > him is an object
pronoun
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS: A POSSESSIVE
PRONOUN IS USED TO SHOW THAT
SOMETHING BELONGS TO A PERSON OR
AN ANIMAL
Singular Possessive Pronoun
Pronoun
before without a noun following
noun it
I my mine
you your yours
he his his
she her hers
it its -
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

• Examples:

• This is my shawl. > This is mine

• That is your new tie. > That is yours.

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

Plural Pronouns Possessive Pronoun

Before a noun Without a noun
following it
You Your Yours
They Their Theirs
We our ours
POSSESSIVE PRONOUN

• Examples:
• The secretary found our report at the bottom of the pile of
books.
• > The secretary found ours at the bottom of the piles of
work.
• The lady mistakenly took their luggage.
• The lady mistakenly took theirs.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS: THEY
ARE FORMED IN THE FOLLOWING
WAYS.
Singular Pronoun Reflexive Pronoun
My + self Myself
Him + self Himself
Her + self Herself
It + self Itself
Your + self yourself
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS:
PLURAL REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

Plural Pronoun Reflexive pronoun

Our +selves Ourselves

Them +selves Themselves

Your + selves yourselves

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

• A reflexive pronoun is used:

1. To refer to a noun or a personal pronoun which is both the
subject and the object of a sentence
• (the subject and the object refer to the same noun or
pronoun)
• Note: When the reflexive pronoun is used in this way, it is
written after the verb.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

• Examples:
• Mohamed promised himself that he would lose ten pounds
by next month.
• > himself refers to the subject Mohamed
• Lily looked at herself in the monitor and said, “I need a
haircut.”
• > herself refers to the subject Lily
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

• Examples:
• When sticky seeds hooked themselves to his trousers, the
inventor George de Mestral got the idea of making the
adhesive tape Velcro.
• > themselves refers to the subject seeds
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

2. To emphasise the subject (noun or personal pronoun) in a

sentence. The subject performs the action alone without
assistance.
• Note: When the reflexive pronoun is used in this manner, it
is written after the subject or object.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

• Examples:
• He invented the transistor radio and many other gadgets
himself.
• > he (the subject ) performed the action (invented) alone.
• Cecil Rajendra himself read the poem.
• > Cecil Rajendra (the subject) performed the action (read)
alone.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

• My brother learned to play the guitar himself.

• > My brother (the subject) performed the action (learned to
play the guitar) alone.
RELATIVE PRONOUNS

• A relative pronoun refers to a noun or pronoun in a complex

sentence.
• Shakespeare wrote sonnets and plays.
• Shakespeare was born in Stratford-on-Avon, England.
• Shakespeare, who wrote sonnets and plays, was born in
Stratford-on-Avon, England
• > who refers to the noun Shakespeare
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

• Hang Tuah was a famous Malay warrior. Hang Tuah was

from Malacca.

• HangTuah, who was a famous Malay warrior, was from

Malacca.

• > who refers to the noun Hang Tuah

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS:USES

People Things And Uses

Animals
who that Refers to the subjectand the
object of a sentence
whose which Indicates possession

whom Refers to the object of a

sentence
that whose Refers to the subject and
the object of a sentence
 PRONOUNS

Personal Possessive Reflexive Relative

Pronouns Pronouns Pronouns Pronouns

Subject Object

Singular Singular

Plural Plural