Professional conduct

and ethical standard

Ethics 

 ETHICS - It is the science of the morality of

human acts - It is the study of the human
motivation, and ultimately of human rational
behavior - It is derived from Greek words “ethos”
which means a characteristic way of acting and
“ethikos”, which means customary.
MORALITY - It is the quality which makes
an act good or bad, good or evil, right or
wrong

MORAL DISTINCTIONS 
1) moral -good, right 
2) immoral - bad, wrong 
3) amoral - neither good nor bad 
 HUMAN ACTS 
 - Theseare acts that are done knowingly,
deliberately and freely. 
 1)  KNOWINGLY - When the person fully
understands what he is doing and has the ability to
appreciate the consequences of his actions. 
 2) DELIBERATELY - When the person did his
actions intentionally 
 3) FREELY - When the person performed his
actions voluntarily 
 TWO DIVISIONS OF ETHICS 
 1)  GENERAL ETHICS  - It is the study of the general
principles of morality. 
 2)  SPECIAL ETHICS  - It is the study of the application
of the general principles of morality; included in this
division is the category of 
 professional ethics.
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS 
- It a set of moral code to which every
profession must subscribe 
- guides the professional where the law is
silent or inadequate 
POLICE ETHICS 
- It is an example of professional ethics. 
- It is a practical science that treats the
principle of human morality and duty as
applied to law enforcement. 
VALUES - It is anything that a
person considers important in life
such as material things, ideas and
experiences. 
KINDS OF VALUES 
1) BIOLOGICAL VALUES - Those that are
necessary for survival such as food,
shelter, clothing, sex, water and sleep. - These
include physiological needs of man as a man. 
 2) PSYCHOLOGICAL VALUES - Those are that
are necessary for emotional fulfillment of
man such as relationships, companionship,
family, friendships and love .
3) INTELLECTUAL VALUES - Those that
are necessary for the intellectual fulfillment
of man, such as achievements, career and
success.
4) MORAL VALUES - Those that are
necessary for the spiritual fulfillment of
man.
 VIRTUE 
- It is a habit that inclines the person to act in a way
that harmonizes with his nature. 
- It is the habit of doing good. 
- Its opposite is vice, the habit of doing bad. 
FOUR MORAL/CARDINAL
VIRTUES 
 1) PRUDENCE 
- It is the ability to govern and discipline oneself
by means of reason and sound judgment. 
- It is a virtue that attracts the intellect to choose
the most effective means for accomplishing what is
morally good  and avoiding what is evil.
2) TEMPERANCE 
- It is one’s ability to moderate or avoid
something. 
- It is a virtue that regulates the carnal
appetite for sensual pleasures. 
3) FORTITUDE 
- It means firmness of mind. 
- It is the courage to endure without yielding. 
- It is a virtue that incites courage. 
a) PATIENCE – It is calmness and
composure in enduring situations. 
b) PERSEVERANCE – It is the ability to go
on despite the obstacles. 
c) ENDURANCE – It is the ability to last. 
4) JUSTICE 
- It is the virtue that inclines the will
to give to each one of his rights. 
THREE DIVISIONS OF JUSTICE 
 1) COMMUTATIVE 
- It is a virtue that regulates those actions that involve the
rights that exist between one and another. 
 2) DISTRIBUTIVE 
- It regulates those actions that involve the rights than an
individual may claim from society. 
 3) LEGAL 
- It is a virtue that regulates those actions which society
may justly require of the individual for the common good 
RIGHT 
- It is anything that is owed or due. 
- It is something to which a person has a
just and lawful claim. 
- It is anything that a person can lawfully
demand. 
 HUMAN RIGHTS 
 - These are rights pertaining to the rights of man. 
 - Theseare rights inherent to man by virtue of
being a human being. 
 - These are the supreme, inherent and inalienable
rights to life, dignity and to self-development.
 supreme rights = highest form of rights 
 inherent rights = rights attached to men as
humans 
 inalienable rights = rights that cannot be
transferred, cannot be borrowed and cannot be
taken away 
BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS 

1) RIGHT TO LIFE 

Exceptions: 
self-defense 
death under exceptional circumstances 
death penalty
RIGHT TO LIBERTY 
Exceptions: 
for reasons of public health and public safety 
penalty for commission of a crime 
circumstances of warrantless arrests 
RIGHT TO PROPERTY 
Exceptions: 
circumstances of warrantless search 
by virtue of court order 
 BILL OF RIGHTS 
 - Thisis a list of individual liberties, freedom and rights
which are guaranteed and protected under Article III of
the 
 1987 Philippine Constitution. 
- It is the protection of individuals against abuses of the
State. 
 - Thislikewise pertains to protection of the rights of an
accused.
 DUTY 
- It is anything we are obliged to do or to omit. 
-It is a moral obligation incumbent upon a person
of doing, omitting or avoiding. 
- For every right, there is a corresponding duty.
 BACKGROUND ON THE PNP CODE OF
PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT AND ETHICAL
STANDARDS 
 SECTION 37, RA 6975 
 “There shall be established a performance evaluation
system which shall be administered in accordance with
the 
 rules, regulations and standards, and A CODE OF
CONDUCT promulgated by the Commission for members
of the 
 PNP…” 
 NAPOLCOM RESOLUTION NO 92-4 
 - A resolution issued by the NAPOLCOM approving the
draft of the Philippine National Police Code of
Professional 
 Conduct and Ethical Standards by the PNP 
- It was approved on 12 March 1992. 
PURPOSES OF THE CODE
 1) To foster individual efficiency, behavioral discipline and
organizational effectiveness as well as respect for 
 constitutional and human rights of citizens, democratic principles
and ideals and the supremacy of civilian authority 
 over the military; 
 2) To set the moral tone and norms of professional conduct in the
police service; 
 3) To provide moral and ethical guidance to all PNP members
 4) To enlighten members of the police service of what behavior is
really acceptable – to define what is permitted and what is
prohibited. 
 LAWS RELATED TO THE PNP CODE 
 1)RA 3019 – Anti-Graft and Corruption Practices
Act 
 2) RA 6713 – Code of Conduct and Ethical
Standards for Public Officials and Employees 
 3) RA 7080 – Anti-Plunder Act 
 4) RA 9485 – the Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007 
 5) PLEB Rules and Regulations
IMPORTANT TERMS 

NON-FEASANCE 
- It is the failure to perform an act or duty that
is part of one’s obligation without sufficient
excuse. 
MALFEASANCE 
-It is the commission of an act that
one is prohibited to do. 
MISFEASANCE
-It is the improper or incorrect performance
of an act that should be done or performed
INCOMPETENCY 
- It is the lack of adequate ability and fitness
for the satisfactory performance of police
duties. It could be due to 
physical or intellectual limitations or lack of
skill. 
DISLOYALTY TO THE GOVERNMENT 
- It is the abandonment or renunciation of
one’s loyalty to the government of the
Philippines. 
- It is advocating to overthrow the present
administration. 
POLICE DISCRETION 
- It is the act or the liberty to decide
according to the principles of justice and the
police officer’s ideas of what is right and
proper under the circumstances.
THE LAW ENFORCEMENT CODE
OF ETHICS 
As a law enforcement officer, my
fundamental duty is to serve mankind; to
safeguard life and property; to  protect the
innocent against deception; the weak against
oppression or intimidation; and the peaceful
against violence or disorder; and to respect
the constitutional rights of all men, to liberty,
equality and justice. 
I will keep my private life unsullied as an example
to all; maintain courageous calm in the face of
danger, scorn or ridicule; develop self-restraint and
be constantly mindful of the welfare of others.
Honest in thought and deed in both my personal
and official life, I will be exemplary in obeying the
laws of the land and regulations of my
organization. Whatever I see or hear of a
confidential nature or that is confided to me in my
official capacity will be kept ever secret unless
revelation is necessary in the performance of my
duty. 
I will never act officiously or permit personal
feelings, prejudices, animosities or friendship
to influence my decision. 
With no compromise for crime and with
relentless prosecution of criminal, I will
enforce the law courteously
and appropriately, without fear or favor,
malice or ill-will, never employing
unnecessary force or violence and
never accepting gratuities in return. 
I recognize the badge of my office as a
symbol of public faith and I accept it as a
public trust to be held so long as I am true to
the ethics of police service. I will never
engage in acts of corruption or bribery, nor
will I condone such acts by other police
officers. I will cooperate with all legally
authorized agencies and their representatives
in the pursuit of  justice. 
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL
POLICE CODE OF
PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT
AND ETHICAL STANDARDS
CANONS OF POLICE ETHICS
1) Primordial Police Responsibility
- The primary responsibility of the police is
crime prevention.
2) Limitation of Police Authority
- Laws set limits to the power of the police.
- Police officers are not exempted from
obeying the laws they enforce.
 3) Knowledge of the Law and other
Responsibilities 
-Police officers are expected to know and
understand the laws they enforce. 
-Police officers must fully understand their duties
and responsibilities
 4) Useof Proper Means to Obtain Proper
Ends  - Police officers must only employ legal
methods in the conduct of their work. 
 5) Cooperation with Public Officials 
-Police officers must cooperate with other public
officials and government agencies. 
 6) Proper Conduct and Behavior - Police officers must
always observe proper conduct and behavior both in their
personal and official life. 
 7) Conduct towards the Community - Police officers
must never forget that they are public servants. 
 8) Conduct in Arresting Law Violators 
- Police officers must always adhere to the prescribed rules
when effecting arrests of suspects 
9) Firmness in Refusing Gifts 
- Police officers must never ask for nor
accept gifts or special favors. 
10) Impartial Presentation of
Evidence 
- Police officers must be fair in
presenting evidence.
 11) Attitude towards Police Profession 
 - Policeofficers must have a high regard for the
police profession and must be proud that they are
police officers. 
 - Police officers must strive to improve their
knowledge and skills in order be the best police
officers that they can be. 
 1) Prevention of Crime and Disorder 
 - It is the primary objective of the police to prevent crime. 
 2) Cooperation of the Community
  - The police are dependent upon community support. 
 3) Unreasonable Force Reduces Community Cooperation 
 - The use of unreasonable force on the part of the police negatively
affects the desire of the people to cooperate with the police.
 4) Use of Reasonable Force when Persuasion is not
Sufficient 
 - Thepolice may only use force when dialogue is no
longer effective and the degree of force to be used must be 
 reasonable. 
 5) Impartial Enforcement of Laws 
 - The police must be fair in enforcing the laws. 
 6) The Community are the Police 
 - The police and the community are dependent on each
other and must work hand in hand to prevent crimes.
 7) Police should not Usurp Judicial Power 
 - Thepolice have no power or authority to decide
whether a suspect is guilty or innocent of a crime
because only the 
 court has this power. 
 8) Rules of Engagement Impartially Observed 
 - Thepolice must always adhere to the prescribed
procedures in the performance of their duty. 
9) Reduction of Crime and Disorder 
- The effectiveness of the police is measured
through the ability of the police to prevent
crime. 
10) Police Discretion 
- The police must never abuse the police
discretion granted to them.
PNP CORE VALUES 
 1) Love of God 
 2) Respect for Authority 
 3) Selfless Love and Service to People 
 4) Sanctity of Marriage and Respect for Women 
 5) Responsible Dominion and Stewardship over
Material Things 
 7) Truthfulness
POLICE OFFICER’S CREED 

Ibelieve in God, the Supreme Being, a

Great Provider, and the Creator of all men
and everything dear to me. In return, I
cannot less than love Him above all, seek His
guidance in the performance of my sworn
duties and honor Him at all times. 
I believe that respect for authority is a duty. I
respect and uphold the Constitution, the laws of the
land and the applicable rules and regulations. I
recognize the legitimacy and authority of the
leadership and follow and obey legal orders of my
superior officers. 
I believe in selfless love and service to
people. Towards this end, I commit
myself to the service of my fellowmen
over and above my personal
convenience. 
I believe in the sanctity of marriage and
respect for women. I shall set the example of
decency and morality and shall have high
regard for family life and chastity. 
I believe in responsible dominion and
stewardship over material things. I shall inhibit
myself from ostentatious display of my property. I
shall protect the environment and conserve nature
to maintain ecological balance. 
Ishall respect private and public properties and
prevent others from destroying them. 
I believe in the wisdom of truthfulness. I
must be trustworthy and I shall speak the
truth at all times as required by the
profession.
PNP STAND OF BASIC ISSUES 

 1) PNP IMAGE 
 - The PNP shall live in accordance with the PNP
Core Values and shall possess the following
virtues: 
 a) HONOR 
 b) INTEGRITY 
 c) VALOR 
 d) JUSTICE 
 e) HONESTY 
 f) HUMILITY 
 g) CHARITY 
 h) LOYALTY TO SERVICE 
 2) CAREER MANAGEMENT 
 - ThePNP shall formulate and implement policies
and human resources development system for all
PNP personnel  from recruitment to retirement 
 3) POLICE MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP 
 - The primary basis for consideration in the
selection of personnel for employment and
deployment shall be the 
 individual’s capabilities and competent leadership 
 4) EQUALITY IN THE SERVICE 
 - There shall be judicious and equitable distribution
of opportunity to prove one’s worth in the PNP
service. 
 - The PNP shall strictly adhere to the rule of merit
and fitness system. 
 5) DELICADEZA 
 - Allmembers of the PNP must have moral
courage to sacrifice self-interest 
 6) POLICE LIFESTYLE 
 - The PNP shall endeavor to promote a lifestyle that is
acceptable and respectable in the eyes of the public
because the public expects a police officer to live a simple,
yet dignified life. 
 7) POLITICAL PATRONAGE 
 - All PNP members must inhibit themselves from
soliciting political patronage in matters pertaining
to assignments, 
 promotions, trainings and awards 
8) HUMAN RIGHTS
- All PNP members shall respect and protect
human dignity and man’s rights to life, liberty
and property.
POLICE PROFESSIONAL
CONDUCT 
 1) COMMITMENT TO DEMOCRACY 
- Police officers must commit themselves to a
democratic way of life and values and maintain the
principle of public accountability.
 2) COMMITMENT TO PUBLIC INTEREST 
- Police officers must always uphold public interest over
and above personal interest. 
 - They shall use public resources and properties
economically and judiciously to avoid wastage of public
funds.
 3) NON-PARTISANSHIP
- Police officers shall provide services to everyone
without discrimination regardless of political
affiliation in accordance with existing laws and
regulations. 
 4) PHYSICAL FITNESS AND HEALTH 
- Police officers shall strive to be physically and
mentally fit and in good health at all times.
5) SECRECY DISCIPLINE 
- Police officers shall guard the
confidentiality of official information against
unauthorized access and disclosure. 
 6) SOCIAL AWARENESS
- Police officers, as well as their immediate family
members shall be encouraged to actively get
involved in religious, social and civic activities to
enhance the image of the PNP org
 7) NON-SOLICITATION OF PATRONAGE 
- Police officers shall seek self-improvement through
career development without directly or indirectly soliciting
favors or recommendation from politicians, high-ranking
government officials and the like. 
 8)PROPER CARE AND USE OF PUBLIC
PROPERTY 
- Police officers shall be responsible for the security,
proper care and use of public authority issued to them for
the performance of their duties.
9) RESPECT FOR HUMAN
RIGHTS 
- Police officers shall respect and protect
human rights in the performance of their
duty. 
 10)DEVOTION TO DUTY 
- Police officers shall perform their duties with dedication,
thoroughness, efficiency, enthusiasm, determination
and manifest concern for public welfare
 11)CONSERVATION OF NATURAL
RESOURCES 
-Police officers shall help in the development and
conservation of our natural resources for ecological
balance and posterity. 
 12)DISCIPLINE 
- Police officers shall conduct themselves properly
at all times in keeping with the rules and
regulations of the organization
 13)LOYALTY 
- Police officers must be loyal to the Constitution
and to the police service as manifested by their
loyalty to their superiors, peers and subordinates as
well. 
 14)OBEDIENCE TO SUPERIORS 
-Police officers shall obey lawful orders and be
courteous to superior officers and other appropriate
authorities
 15)COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY 
- Immediate commanders shall be responsible for
the effective supervision, control and direction of
their personnel.
ETHICAL STANDARDS 

 1) MORALITY 
- Police officers must adhere to high standards of
morality and decency and shall set good example
for others.
 2) JUDICIOUS USE OF AUTHORITY 
- Police officers shall exercise proper and
legitimate use of authority and discretion in the
performance of their duty. 
3) INTEGRITY 
- Police officers shall not allow themselves to
be victims of corruption and dishonest
practices
4) JUSTICE 
- Police officers shall strive constantly to
respect the rights of others.
 5) HUMILITY 
- Police officers shall recognize the fact that they are
public servants and not the masters of the people. 
 - They should perform their duties without arrogance. 
 - They should recognize their own inadequacies, inabilities
and limitations as individuals. 
 - They should perform their duties without attracting
attention or expecting the applause of others. 
6) ORDERLINESS 
- Police officers shall follow logical
procedures in accomplishing tasks assigned
to them to minimize wasted time
and resources.
7) PERSEVERANCE 
- Police officers must exert all efforts to
achieve their goal or mission even in the face
of difficulties and obstacles
PNP CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS 

CUSTOMS 
- These are established usages or social
practices carried on by tradition that have
obtained the force of law. 
PNP CUSTOMS ON COURTESY 
- A manifestation or expression of
consideration and respect for others. 
SALUTE 
- Theusual greeting rendered by uniformed
personnel upon meeting and recognizing
persons entitled to it.
 SALUTE TO NATIONAL COLOR AND
STANDARD 
- Police officers must stand at attention and salute
the national color and standards as it passes by
them or when 
 the national color is raised or lowered during
ceremonies 
ADDRESS/TITLE 
-Junior in rank must address senior members
who are entitled to a salute with the “Sir” or
“Ma’am” 
COURTESY CALLS
 1)COURTESY CALL OF
NEWLY-ASSIGNED/APPOINTED MEMBER 
- PNP members who are newly-assigned or appointed to a
unit or command must call on the chief of the unit
or command and to other key personnel for accounting,
orientation and other purposes.
2) CHRISTMAS CALL 
- PNP members pay a Christmas call on
their local executives in their respective
area of responsibility.
3) NEW YEAR’S CALL 
- PNP members pay a New Year’s call on
their commanders and/or key officials in their
respective area of 
responsibility. 
4) PROMOTION CALL 
- Newly-promoted PNP members call on
their unit head.
5) EXIT CALL
- PNP members pay an exit call on their
superiors in the unit or command when
relieved or reassigned out of said
unit or command.
COURTESY OF THE POST 
- The host unit extends hospitality to
visiting personnel who pay respect to the
command or unit.
RANK-HAS-ITS-OWN-PRIVILEGE” 
-PNP members must acknowledge that
different ranks carry with them corresponding
privileges
CEREMONY 
- It is a formal act or set of formal acts
established by customs or authority as proper
to special occasion. 
PNP CUSTOMS ON CEREMONIES 

 FLAG-RAISING CEREMONY
- PNP members honor the flag by raising it and
singing the National Anthem before the start of the
official day’s work. 
FLAG-RETREAT CEREMONY 
- PNP members salute the lowering of the
flag at the end of the official day’s work.
HALF-MAST 
- The flag is raised at half-mast in deference
to deceased uniformed members of the
command. 
FUNERAL SERVICE AND HONORS 
- Departed uniformed members, retirees, war
veterans or former PNP members are given
vigil, necrological services and graveside
honors. 
 CEREMONY TENDERED TO RETIREES 
-In recognition of their long, faithful and
honorable service to the PNP, a testimonial activity
shall be tendered in  their honor. 
 HONOR CEREMONIES 
 - Arrivaland departure honor ceremonies are
rendered to visiting dignitaries, VIPs, PNP officers
with the rank of Chief 
 Superintendent and above and AFP officers of
equivalent grade. 
 TURN-OVER CEREMONY 
 - The relinquishment and assumption of command
or key position is publicly announced by the
outgoing and incoming 
 officers.
WEDDING CEREMONY 
- During marriage of PNP members, a
ceremony is conducted with participants in
uniform and swords drawn. 
ANNIVERSARY 
- Thebirth or institutional establishment of a
command or unit is commemorated in an
anniversary ceremony. 
SOCIAL DECORUM 
- A set
of norms and standards practiced by
members during social and other functions
UNIFORM/APPEARANCE 

 - Police officers must observe the following: 

 a) wearing of prescribed uniform; 
 b) wearing, as part of the uniform, awards and decorations earned in
accordance with the prescribed rules and regulations; and 
 c) adherence to haircut prescribed by rules and regulations
MANNER OF WALKING 
- Every PNP officer is expected to walk
with pride and dignity. 
OTHER POLICE CUSTOMS 

 1) Visiting the Sick 

- Immediate commanders or other available officers of the
unit visit PNP members who are sick in the hospital,
their residence or any place of confinement in order that
their needs are attended to. 
2) Survivor Assistance to Heirs of
Deceased Members- A survivor officer
is designated whenever PNP members
die to render maximum assistance to
their bereaved family until all benefits
due shall have been received. 
3) Visiting Religious Leaders 
- PNP officers visit religious leaders in
their areas of assignment to establish or
maintain rapport and
cooperation  between the different
religious leaders and the PNP. 
 4) Athletics 
- PNP members indulge in physical fitness activities to
ensure that their proper physical appearance and bearing
are maintained with the waist line measurement always
smaller than the size of his chest and in conformity with
the standard set forth by the organization.
 5) Happy Hours 
- Usually on Friday, or any other day suitable for
the occasion, PNP members gather together at their
PNP Club for a 
 light-hearted jesting or airing of minor gripes. 
TRADITION 
- A body of beliefs, stories, customs and
usages handed down from generation to
generation with the effect of an unwritten
law. 
POLICE TRADITIONS

1) SPIRITUAL BELIEFS 

- PNP members are traditionally religious and
God-loving persons. They attend religious
services together with the members of their
family.
 2) VALOR 
- Police officers sacrifice their lives and limbs for
the people they have pledged to serve
 3) PATRIOTISM 
- Police officers manifest their love of country with
a pledge of allegiance to the flag and a vow to
defend the Constitution. 
 4) DISCIPLINE 
- Police officers manifest discipline by instinctive
obedience to lawful orders and through spontaneous
actions towards attainment of organizational objectives
guided by moral, ethical and legal norms. 
 5) GENTLEMANLINESS 
- Police officers are upright in character, polite in
manners, dignified in appearance and sincere in
their concern for their fellowmen. 
6) WORD OF HONOR
- Police officers stand by and commit to
uphold their word.
7) DUTY
- Police officers are dedicated public servants
who perform their tasks with a deep sense of
responsibility and self
sacrifice.
8) LOYALTY 
- Police officers are traditionally loyal to
the organization, country and
fellowmen. 
 9) CAMARADERIE 
 - Thebinding spirit that enhances teamwork and
cooperation in the police organization. 
POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS
(PCR)
 Section 2 of Republic Act No 6975 reads: 
 ECTION 2. Declaration of Policy. — It is hereby declared to be the policy
of the State to promote peace and order, 
 ensure public safety and further strengthen local government capability
aimed towards the effective delivery of the 
 basic services to the citizenry through the establishment of a highly
efficient and competent police force that is national 
 in scope and civilian in character. Towards this end, the State shall bolster a
system of coordination and 
 cooperation among the citizenry, local executives and the integrated law
enforcement and public safety 
 agencies created under this Act. 
PNP VISION 

 The Men and Women of the PNP is committed to a

vision of a professional, dynamic and highly
motivated Philippine National Police working in
partnership with a responsive community
towards the attainment of a safe place to live,
work, invest and do business with. 
PNP MISSION 

 Toenforce the law, to prevent and control crimes, to

maintain peace and order and to ensure public safety
and internal security with the active support of the
community. 
 POLICE 
 - A group of persons established, maintained and organized
for keeping order, safety, protection of lives and property 
 and for prevention and detection of crimes. 
 COMMUNITY 
 - It refers to the civilian populace or the public in general, and shall
be used interchangeably with the terms, public, citizenry, society
and private sector. 
 - It is a body of people organized into political, municipal or social
unity or a body of persons living in the same locality 
 - It is derived from Latin words, “communis” which means common,
and “tatis” which means fellowship. 
 POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS 
 - The sum total of the dealings between the police
and the people it serves and whose goodwill and
cooperation it 
 craves for the greatest possible efficiency in the
service. 
 - Thisrefers to reciprocal attitudes of the police
and the community. 
 PUBLIC RELATIONS 
 - Theact of bringing about better understanding,
confidence and acceptance for an individual or an
organization.
 POLICE PUBLIC RELATIONS 
 - Thecontinuing process by which endeavors are
made to obtain the goodwill and cooperation of the
public for effective 
 enforcement of the law and accomplishment of the
police purposes. 
 HUMAN RELATIONS 
 - These consist of the fundamental rules both moral
and legal which govern the relationship of men in
all aspects of 
 life.
 MEDIA/MASS MEDIA 
 - The
channels through which information is
disseminated to the public. 
 - Thesemay be in the form of television, movies,
radio or newspaper and the like. 
REQUIREMENTS FOR GOOD
COMMUNITY RELATIONS 
 1) Sincerity in serving the public; 
 2) Full knowledge of the job; 
 3)Deep conviction in the mobility of his work as a
necessary service to promote individual or national
welfare; 
 4) Sound police ethics; 
 5) High standard of management and operation. 
 1) COMMUNITY SERVICE 
 - This
refers to activity that provides service to the
community 
- It may be in the form of medical-dental mission, sports
clinic, feeding program, seminar, etc. 
 2) COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION 
 - This refers to the involvement of the community
in the various social projects, particularly in the
area of crime 
 prevention.
 3) PUBLIC RELATIONS 
 - This refers to activities directed at creating and maintaining
favorable impressions to the public. 
 - It likewise refers to the projection of the police public image to the
people to gain their support and cooperation.
PRINCIPLES OF POLICE-
COMMUNITY RELATIONS 
 1) Community support must be maintained. 
 2) Community resentment must be avoided. 
 3) Community goodwill must be developed. 
 4) Community must be kept informed.
FOUR (4) GENERAL APPROACHES
IN POLICE-COMMUNITY
RELATIONS
 1) Externally-Oriented Approach 
- It is directed towards the general public or
various enclaves within the society. 
 2) Youth-Oriented Approach 
- directed the majority of police efforts towards the
youth of the community 
 3) Service-Oriented Approach 
 - The emphasis is given to the alleviation of social
problems as the basic objective of the program. 
 4) Internally-Oriented Approach 
- Its essential characteristic is the realization that the
officer on beat creates community relations because
“Every officer of the organization is a police-community
relations officer”.
TYPES OF POLICE-COMMUNITY
RELATIONS
 1) Public Information Program 
 - It is designed to bridge the communication gap between the police and the
public 
 a) Personal Media - They consist of face-to-face communication such as
meetings, rallies, delivering speeches and house-to
 house visitation. 
 b) Mass Media - They include printed matter and audio-visual communications.
 2) Public Relations Program 
- It is designed to maintain harmony and mutual support
between the police and the community. 
- It is designed to “sell” the police to the public. 
 3) Civic Action Program 
- It is designed to maintain and encourage
community development.
 4) Psychological Program 
- It is designed to condition both friendly and hostile
public ensuring the facilitation of the attainment of police
 objectives.
MEASURES TO ENHANCE POLICE
PUBLIC IMAGE
 1) Increase police visibility through the dispersal of personnel from
the headquarters to the field offices; 
 2) Efficient and optimized delivery of police services to the
communities; 
3) Constant dialogue and meetings with the barangay officials in their
respective territorial jurisdictions; 
 4) Community service-oriented policing by conducting seminars for
the traffic aides, police aides and the 
 barangay tanods; and 
 5) Coordination with the media for image-enhancing projects. 
 An established and generally accepted moral values refer
to.
 a. integrity
 b. morality 
 c. ethical standard 
 d. authority 
C
These are the rights of an accused that are
derived from special laws enacted by
Congress.
A. Constitutional rights    
B. Civil rights
C.Statutory rights                 C
D. Natural right
 This concerns to the obligations of the community to individuals, and requires fair
disbursement of common advantages and sharing of common burden.
 a. Prosecution 
 b. justice  
 c. equality
 d. trial

C
 These are forbidden acts involving misuse of office 
 or authority for personal gain. 
 a. corruption 
 b. c. immorality  
 c. deviance  
 d. Brutality 
c
 PNP members are expected to by the public not 
 to seek political influence nor get “padrino” on 
 matters pertaining to assignment, award, training and 
 promotion. This means that all PNP members are 
 discouraged to resort to: 
 a. political patronage 
 b. influence peddling 
 c. partisan politics  A
 d. political corruption 
 Any public officer who agrees to perform an 
 act constituting a crime, in connection with the 
 performance of his official duties, in 
 consideration of any offer, promise, gift or 
 present received by such officer personally or through 
 the mediation of another shall be liable for ________? 
 a. direct bribery 
 b. Malversation – misuse of public funds 
 c. indirect bribery – no exchange in return  A
 d. illegal exaction 
 Insp. Garcia’s word is his bond, he standby it and 
 commit to uphold it. Inspector Garcia therefore has: 
 a. delicadeza 
 c. word of honor 
 b. camaraderie 
 d. honor code 

C
 Considered as the highest form of love in the 
 PNP hierarchy of police values. 
 a. love of women
 b. love of God 
 c. selfless love of people 
 d. love of power 

B
 The police officers use of offensive and 
 obscene languages is known as police _______. 
 a. brutality 
 c. profanity 
 b. perjury 
 d. gratuity 

C
 It the ability to moderate or to avoid something. 
 a. prudence 
 b. fortitude 
 c. temperance 
 d. justice 

C
 Patrolman Usoff governs and disciplines 
 himself by means of reason and sound 
 judgment. What virtue does he practice? 
 a. endurance 
 c. prudence 
 b. Courtesy (RESPECT) 
 d. patriotism 

C
 . What is the complete title of the PNP Code of 
 Conduct? COPSES 
 a. PNP Code of Ethical Standards and Professional 
 Conduct 
 b. PNP Code of Professional Conduct and Ethical 
 Standards 
 c. PNP Code of Conduct and Standards 
 d. PNP Ethical Standards 
B
 It is an omission or refusal, without sufficient 
 excuse, to perform an act or duty which is the police 
 officer’s legal obligation to perform. 
 a. nonfeasance 
 b. misfeasance 
 b. malfeasance 
 d. corruption 

A
 It refers to the conceptual policy laid down for the 
 observance of all law enforcement personnel to 
 exercise utmost restraint and self-control in the 
 performance of their official functions. 
 a. command responsibility 
 b. reasonable force 
 c. rules of engagement 
 d. maximum tolerance   D
 What is the most important supervisory principle 
 in order to improve the morale of staff? 
 a. Be fair and just 
 b. Be strict on attendance 
 c. Be kind and respectful 
 d. Be forgiving

A
 The authority to make decisions without reference 
 to the specific rules or facts, using instead one’s own 
 judgment. 
 a. Discretion 
 c . Negotiation 
 b. prudence 
 d. conviction  A