Porous concrete

G U I D ED : P R O F. P R A F U L A . K A M B LE

PROJECT BY :

C L -B -4 7 MAY U R ES H PAT IL

C L -B -5 5 N IS H A N T P H A D K E

C L -B -7 5 R A M P R AV ES H YA D AV
 PAGE 01

INTRODUCTION
Pervious concrete is a type of concrete with significantly high-water permeability
compared to normal weight concrete.
It has been mainly developed for draining water from the ground surface, so that
stormwater runoff is reduced and the groundwater is recharged.
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AIM: OBJECTIVE:
• To Understand Porous Concrete • Investigate the properties of pervious concrete with and without
micro-silica.
• To understand the application of Porous Concrete in Indian
Roads • Determine water permeability of pervious concrete.

• Investigate the performance of a pervious concrete as a

pavement system.
 HI STORY OF POROUS CONC RTE

TH E FIR ST O FFI CIA L

D ESI G N G UI DE FO R
P OROUS CONCRE T E PERV IO U S PAVEM EN T
WAS F I RST SE E N I N WAS C O- WRI TTE N IN
T HE 1800S I N 1 9 7 7 BY EDM UN D
EU ROPE . TH ELEN AN D L .
FI ELD IN G H O WE IN
PH ILA D ELPH IA ,

T HE CORRE L AT ION
P OROUS CONCRE T E BET W E EN POROSIT Y
BE CAME PO PU LA R AND REL ATI VE
I N WORL D WA R I I DE NSIT Y O F NO-
DUE TO T HE FINE S CONCRET E
SCARCI T Y OF WAS OBSERVE D BY
CE MEN T AHME D I BRAHIM. E T
AL ( 2014).
T HE P E RVIOUS CONC R ET E I S M A D E U P OF T HE F OL LOWI NG
M AT E RI A LS : -

C E M E NT IT IO U
AGGR EGATES
S M AT ER IA LS

P O ROUS
CON CRT E

A DM IXT UR E WAT E R
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AGGREGATES
• Fine aggregate content is limited in pervious concrete, and coarse
aggregate is kept to a narrow gradation.
• Commonly-used gradations of coarse aggregate include ASTM C 33
No. 67 (¾ in. to No. 4), No. 8 (⅜ in. to No. 16), and No. 89 (⅜ in. to
No. 50) sieves [in metric units: No. 67 (19.0 to 4.75 mm), No. 8 (9.5
to 2.36 mm), and No. 89 (9.5 to 1.18 mm)]. Single-sized aggregate up
to 1 inch (25 mm) has also been used.
• ASTM D 448 also may be used for defining gradings.
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CEMENTITIOUS
MATERIALS
As in traditional concreting, Portland cements (ASTM C 150, C 1157)
and blended cements (ASTM C 595, C 1157) may be used in pervious
concrete.
In addition, supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as -
• fly ash,
• pozzolana (ASTM C 618)
• ground- granulated blast furnace slag (ASTM C 989) can be used.
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WATER
• Water-to-cement ratios between 0.27 and 0.36 are used routinely with
proper inclusion of chemical admixtures, and those as high as 0.40
have been used successfully.
• The relation between strength and water-to-cement ratio is not clear
for pervious concrete, because unlike conventional concrete, the total
paste content is less than the voids content between the aggregates.
• Therefore, making the paste stronger may not always lead to
increased overall strength.
• Water content should be tightly controlled.
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ADMIXTURES
• Chemical admixtures are used in pervious concrete to obtain special
properties, as in conventional concrete.
• Because of the rapid setting time associated with pervious concrete,
retarders or hydration-stabilizing admixtures are commonly used.
• Use of chemical admixtures should closely follow manufacturer’s
recommendations.
• Air-entraining admixtures can reduce freeze-thaw damage in pervious
concrete, and are used where freeze- thaw is a concern.
TYPI CA L RANGES O F MATER IA L PROPO RTIONS IN P ERVIOUS
CONC RETE: -

Materials Proportions in kg/m3

Cementitious materials 267 to 326

Total aggregates 1190 to 1480

Water: cement ratio (by mass) -

Fine aggregates 0 to 297
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PROPERTIES OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE

• Workability
• Density (Unit Weight)
• Void ratio
• Water permeability
• Durability
• Freeze-Thaw Resistance
• Drying shrinkage
• Abrasion
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PRODUCTION OF PERVIOUS
CONCRETE

Regardless of the numerous environmental benefits of pervious concrete,

if the cost of pervious concrete is not comparable to that of traditional
pavements, the use of pervious concrete will most likely be limited. The
initial cost of pervious concrete can be up higher than the initial cost of
other conventional paving methods. They attribute this increased cost to
the requirement for more skilled workers during the placement of
pervious concrete, and to the increased thickness of pervious required due
to its weaker strength.
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MERITS OF POROUS
CONCRETE
• l Decreasing flooding possibilities, especially in
urban areas
• l Recharging the groundwater level
• l Reducing puddles on the road
• · Improving water quality through percolation
• · Sound absorption
• · Heat absorption
• · Supporting vegetation growth
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DEMERITS OF POROUS
CONCRETE
• · Low strength due to high porosity
• · High maintenance requirement
• · Limited use as a load bearing unit due to its low
strength.
• · Pervious concrete cannot be used for the
construction of roads that experience heavy traffic.
• · The most significant problem for pervious
concrete is clogging, so frequent maintenance is
required.
• · Clogging leads to a decrease in water
permeability, and also causes a decrease in the
advantages of using pervious concrete.
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APPLICATIONS OF
POROUS CONCRETE
Pervious concrete has been used in pavement applications ranging from driveways
and parking lots to residential streets, alleys, and other low-volume roads. Within
these applications, pervious concrete has been used as the surface course, as a
drainable base course
C OM PAR I SON OF PE RV I O U S C O N C R E TE WIT H OR DI NARY
C O N C R ET E

Sr.No. Properties Self- Draining Concrete Ordinary Concrete

1. Material Pervious concrete constitutes of cement, aggregates and water. It is a No- Ordinary Concrete comprises of cement,

Fine concrete or consists of less fine with respect to ordinary Fines Content sand, aggregates, water with
of that Grade. suitable admixtures.

2. Permeability It allows water to pass through it. Its Permeability may be up to 5mm/sec. It is impermeable.

Its permeability is about 1.5mm/sec.

3 Compressive Strength The compressive strength of this concrete is less than that of ordinary The desired characteristic strength is
concrete. However, the desired characteristic strength can be gained by obtained by the normal mix as
adding suitable strength gaining additives like Fly-Ash, Micro- Silica etc. designed without adding any
strength gaining additives.

4. Cost The cost of Self- Draining concrete is high as compared The cost of conventional concrete for

to conventional concrete. The cost per m3 5200 Rs. M20 grade is 4000 Rs. per m3.

.5. Durability Less durable as compared and cannot sustain heavy loads. More durable and can

sustain heavy loads.
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CONCLUSION
Pervious or Self- Draining Concrete, is a modern innovation in concrete
that can be used for pavements to recharge the ground water table and
hence help in meeting the water demands as well as preventing water
logging.