Global City

Global City
• -Global city, an urban centre that enjoys
significant competitive advantages and that
serves as a hub within a globalized economic
system.
• -A global city is a city that is a primary node in
the global economic network.
 Attributes of Global city
• •Economic Power
• •Economic Opportunities
• •Economic Competition
• •Center of Authority
• •Political Influence
• •Center of Higher Learning and Culture
 Functions
• -Global cities” are and always have been both,
products and producers of globalization. They play an
important role in shaping a global economy, culture
and society, but they are also shaped by it. And they
are places where countervailing forces match and local
reactions to globalization become especially visible.
• -A city and its global status rest on four pillars —
economic, political, educational and cultural. Its
commercial power and reach establish its global
reputation.
 Features
• Home to major stock exchanges and indexes.
• Influential in international political affairs.
• Home to world-renowned cultural institutions.
• Service a major media hub.
• Large mass transit networks.
• Home to a large international airport.
• Having a prominent skyline.
Cities that serve as engine of globalization

• London, New York, Paris, and Tokyo are the central

hubs of the global network regardless of how it is
defined. Global city rankings are numerous, with one
study suggesting as many as 300. New York City,
London, Tokyo, and Paris, are fashion capitals and are
notably the most prominent metropolises mentioned
in this respect. Have been ranked in top four
positions in Global Cities Index and Global Power City
Index since both indices' inception in 2008, with New
York and London exclusively in the top two positions.
 Migration
• A situation in which people go to live in foreign countries,
especially in order to find work: Most global migration is
from developing countries to developed ones.
• What causes global migration?
• Some people move in search of work or economic
opportunities, to join family, or to study. Others move to
escape conflict, persecution, terrorism, or human rights
violations. Still others move in response to the adverse
effects of climate change, natural disasters, or other
environmental factors.
 The political, economical, cultural and social
undelying the global movement of the people
• -there are political factors that cause people
to move from their home country to another
country. War, persecution and the absence of
political rights are the predominant political
factors in migration.
 Economical movement
• What are economic reasons for migration?
• Demographic and economic migration is
related to labour standards, unemployment
and the overall health of a country's'
economy. Pull factors include higher wages,
better employment opportunities, a higher
standard of living and educational
opportunities.
 Cultural movement
• Cultural pull factors could include people who
want to live in democratic societies, gender
equality, or educational or religious
opportunities.
 Social movement
• social migration - moving somewhere for a
better quality of life or to be closer to family
or friends. political migration - moving to
escape political persecution or war.
environmental causes of migration include
natural disasters such as flooding.
 Business Activities
• What Are Business Activities? Business activities
include any activity a business engages in for the
primary purpose of making a profit. This is a general
term that encompasses all the economic activities
carried out by a company during the course of
business.
• Business Activity (headquarters, services firms,
capital markets value, number of international
conferences, value of goods through ports and
airports)
 Human Capital
• What is human capital in global city?
• Human capital is scored and ranked on the basis of
five factors: size of a city's foreign-born population,
quality of its universities, number of international
schools, international student population, and
percentage of residents with university degrees.
• Human Capital (size of foreign born population,
quality of universities, number of international
schools, international student population, number of
residents with college degrees)
 Information Exchange
• What is information exchange in global
cities?
Information exchange is scored and ranked on
the basis of four factors: number of
international news bureaus, level of
censorship, amount of international news in
the leading local papers, and broadband
subscriber rate.
 Cultural Experience
• What is a cultural experience?
• The main cultural experience definition is the set of
shared attitudes, values, goals, and practices that
characterizes an institution, organization or group or
country. In this context you will learn to appreciate the
various cultures we have in different parts of the world.
• Cultural Experience (number of sporting event,
museums, performing arts venues, culinary
establishments, international visitors, and sister city
relationships).
 Political Engagement
• What is political engagement in global cities?
Political engagement is scored and ranked on
the basis of five factors: international
organizations, embassies and consulates, think
tanks, political conferences, and local
institutions with international reach.
Advantages/Disadvantages of Global City

• Advantages
• They bring economies of scale, develop
markets, create jobs and encourage new
economic activities to flourish. As economies
move from primary activities such as farming,
fishing and mining to industrial production and
then on to services, the role of cities in the
global economy increases with each transition.
 Disadvantages
• High Cost of Living. The higher cost of living is
the first disadvantage that people typically
think of when considering moving to a city.
• Noise.
• Lack of Space.
• Lack of Parking.
• Higher Auto Insurance Premiums.
• Higher Crime Rates.