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Md. Saiful Islam

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 Name of the experiment:
Determination of the partial molar volume
of sucrose in aqueous solution.
 Theory

Plotting
Calculation Data Table
Partial molar volume
Procedure Result

Apparatus
Contents:
 Partial molar volume of liquid is the
Theory net volume change when
one mole of the the liquid
is added to a large excess of a
pure liquid or a mixture.
The partial molar volume of
compound A in a mixture of A and
B can be defined as

What is
Partial Molar 𝑉 𝐴=
𝜕𝑣
𝜕𝑛 𝐴 ( ) 𝑝 ,𝑇 ,𝑛 𝐵

Volume?
1 Molarity:
Molarity is defined as the moles of a solute per liters of a solution.

2 Molality:
It is defined as the moles of a solute per kilograms of a solvent.

Apparent molar volume:

3 The apparent molar volume defined as the difference between the volume of the solution
and the volume of the pure solvent per mole of solute.
Working Formula

b=
where,
b = molality
c = molarity of a solution
d = density of a solution
molar mass of solute

Where,
= Apparent molar volume
= density of solvent
Density
Bottle Pipette

Apparatus

Volumetric
Flask Digital
Electronic
Balance
 Working procedure

Five solutions sucrose (below 1.00M) with a volume of 50 mL were

prepared from stock solution.

The supplied density bottle was calibrated using distilled water.

The densities of prepared solutions were determined.

 Preparation of stock solution

Amount of sucrose required

= 100 mL 342. 3 𝑔
𝑥 𝑥 1 mol
= 34.23 g
Taken weight=34.249 g
34 . 249  g  
Actual concentration = 𝑋 1. 00 𝑀
34 . 23  g   

= 1.0005 M
 Table-1: Data for preparation of solution

Conc. of solution to Volume of solution to Conc. of parent Amount of parent Actual conc. of
be prepared/M be prepared/mL solution/M solution taken/ mL parent solution/M

0.05 50.0   2.5 0.05002

0.10 50.0   5.0 0.10005

0.30 50.0 1.0005 15.0 0.3001

0.50 50.0   25.0 0.5002

0.70 50.0   35.0 0.7003

 Table-2: Determination of the volume of density bottle

Mass of empty Mass of density Mass of water/g Density of water at Volume of density
density bottle/g bottle with water/g 34.0℃/ (g/mL) bottle/mL

14.050 23.729 9.679 0.9943756 9.73374

𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 9.679   g  
Volume= =¿
Density 0.9943756   g/ mL 
 Table-3: Determination of the concentration of solution

Conc. of solution in Mass of density Mass of solution/g Density of solution/ Conc. Of solution in
molarity/M bottle + solution/g (g/mL) molality/ (mol/kg)

0.05002 23.796 9.746 1.0012 0.05082

0.10005 23.861 9.811 1.0079 0.10275
0.3001 24.118 10.068 1.0343 0.32214
0.5002 24.383 10.333 1.0651 0.56184
0.7003 24.622 10.572 1.0861 0.82739
 Calculations:
Molarity to Molality:

For 0.05 M solution

Molality, b = = 𝑥
𝑥
= 0.05082 mol/kg 𝑥
similarly,
For 0.10 M solution b = 0.10275 mol/kg
For 0.30 M solution b = 0.32214 mol/kg
For 0.50 M solution b = 0.56184 mol/kg
For 0.70 M solution b = 0.82739 mol/kg
Apparent Molar Volume, :

For 0.1M solution

=207.006 mL/mol

similarly,
For 0.10 M solution = 207.98 mL/mol
For 0.3 M solution =210.44 mL/mol
For 0.50 M solution =209.28 mL/mol
For 0.70 M solution = 212.52 mL/mol
 Table-4: Plot and regression analysis for vs √b
X= Y= - - -)2 (-)2 -) (-)

0.2254 207.006 -0.32911 -2.4392 0.1083 5.9496 0.80276

0.3205 207.98 -0.23401 -1.4652 0.05476 2.1468 0.34287

0.5675 210.44 0.01299 0.9948 0.000168 0.98962 0.01292

0.7495 209.28 0.19504 -0.1652 0.03804 0.02729 -0.0322

0.9096 212.52 0.35509 3.0748 0.12608 9.4543 1.0918

=0.55451 =209.4452 -)2=0.327348 (-)2=18.56 -) (-)=

76 2.21813
213

212 Plot of 𝜙 vs. √𝑏

211

210

209
𝜙
208

207

206

205

204
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

√𝑏

Figure: 1 (Plot of 𝜙 vs. √𝑏)

Slope =

= 6.776

Intercept = y̅ − slope x̅
𝑥
= 209.4452− (6.776 0.55451)
𝑥
= 205.6878
Calculations for for each solution

For 0.05 M solution

=207.006 + 𝑥
= 207. 7696 mL/mol

similarly,
` For 0.10 M solution = 209.0658 mL/mol
For 0.30 M solution = 212.3626 mL/mol
For 0.50 M solution = 211.8194 mL/mol
For 0.70 M solution = 215.6017 mL/mol
 Table-5: Plot and regression analysis for vs b
X=b Y= - - -)2 (-)2 -) (-)

0.05082 207. 7696 -0.322168 -3.5542 0.10379 12.6324 1.14505

0.10275 209.0658 -0.27023 -2.2580 0.073028 5.09865 0.61020

0.32214 212.3626 -0.05084 1.0387 0.00258 1.07906 -0.05282

0.56184 211.8194 0.18885 0.4955 0.03566 0.24559 0.09359

0.82739 215.6017 0.4544 4.2778 0.20648 18.3002 1.9438

=0.372988 =211.32382 -)2=0.42154 (-)2=37.35 -)

59 (-)=3.73989
 Plot of 𝑣 ̅2 vs b
218

216

214

212
𝑣 ̅2

210

208

206

204
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
b

Figure: 2 (Plot of 𝑣 ̅2 vs b)

Slope

=
= 8.87919

Intercept, = y̅ − slope x̅
= 211.32382 -(8.87919
𝑥 0.372988)
= 208.0147 mL/mol 𝑥
r2 = =
= 0.8882
𝑥
Result:

The partial molar volume of sucrose in aqueous solution was found to be 208.0147 mL/mol.

Discussion:

The experimental result was found to be 208.0147 mL/mol at 34.00 C temp. This variation of result is

due to some errors and limitations including instrumental error, temperature differences , and human

error etc. To make a minimum error, the weight of the sucrose and empty density bottle with and without

solutions should be taken attentively. Also it was found the regression r2 = 0.8882.It was near to

1.00. so, I assume that, this result is perfect quietly.

Submitted to:

Dr. A A S Mostafa Zahid

Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry
University of Rajshahi
Thank you so much