Conversions involving molar mass and Avogadro’s number

 A unit of measurement for counting atoms or molecules

 1 Mole = 602 billion trillion

 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
 6.02 X 1023 (this is known as Avogadro’s number)
 Avogradro’s number is named in honor of
Amedeo Avogadro (1776 – 1856)
 He studied quantities of gases and discovered that
no matter what the gas was, there were the same
number of molecules present
 We can count anything using the mole
 Example:
▪ 1 mole of M & M’s would stretch from here to the sun
and back 200 billion times
▪ * assuming m&m’s are 1 cm in diameter and the distance to the sun is 93 million miles

▪ Can you swim in1 mole of water?

▪ 1 mole of H2O= about 1/3 of a cup (18 mL)
 It is helpful in counting a large number of
items
 If the items are extremely small
1 mole C = 6.02 x 1023 C atoms
1 mole H2O = 6.02 x 1023 H2O molecules
1 mole NaCl = 6.02 x 10 23
NaCl formula unit
 * 1 mole = 6.02 x 1023 particles

Note: Particles could refer to atoms, molecules, formula

units

* 1 mole = molar mass (g) of compound being

used
 MUST use dimensional analysis

 MUST use the molar mass if grams are used

in the problem
 Be able to convert from
 Moles to atoms or molecules
 Moles to grams
 Grams to moles
 How many atoms are in 0.500 mole of Al?
 Setup your problem using dimensional analysis:

0.500 mol Al 6.02 x 10 atoms Al

23

= 3.01 x 10 23
1 mol Al atoms Al

 * Multiply across and divide by the number at the bottom

 How many moles of Sulfur (S) are in 1.8 x 10 24
atoms of sulfur ?
 (Use dimensional analysis)

1.8 x 10 24 atoms S 1 mol S

= 2.99 mol S
6.02 x 10 23 atoms S

 * Multiply across and divide by the number at the bottom

 1.) How many moles are in 5.22 x 10 24 atoms
of H2O?

 2.) How many molecules of NaOH are in 23

moles of NaOH?
 How many grams are in 2.34 moles of Sodium
hydroxide?
 You will utilize the molar mass you calculated and use dimensional analysis.

Molar mass of NaOH

2.34 mol NaOH 40.00 grams NaOH

= 93.60 grams
1mol NaOH NaOH
 How many molecules are in 42 grams of NaOH?
 Avogadro’s number: (6.02 x 1023 atoms, molecules or formula units )= 1 mole)

6.02 x 1023 molecules

42 grams NaOH 1 mole NaOH NaOH
40.00 grams 1 mole NaOH
NaOH

Molar mass of NaOH

= 6.32 x 10 23 molecules NaOH

1.) Determine the molar mass for Barium Hydroxide.
2.) How many moles are in 25.00g of barium hydroxide?
3.) How many grams are in 6.7 moles of barium hydroxide?
4.) How many formula units are in 35.00g of barium hydroxide?
5.) How many molecules are in 4.5 moles of barium hydroxide?