Gamanji Tatiana, teacher of English and medical terminology
WHY IS A THOROUGH KNOWLEDGE OF HUMAN ANATOMY ESSENTIAL FOR ANYONE WORKING IN A MEDICAL PROFESSION? • In order to properly care for patients, you need to understand the basics of anatomy and health. These are the basis for everything you do, from assisting patients with personal hygiene to monitoring vital signs. Without understanding how the human body works, you can't truly understand what you are doing and why you are using a particular approach. • Every patient's health and well-being depends upon the health care provider's understanding of human anatomy. As a nursing assistant, it is essential that you learn the basics of human organ systems, tissues and cells so that you know what to look for in patients - each of these provide clues as the person's relative health. WHAT IS HUMAN BODY? • The human body is a remarkable complex, that is able to absorb the oxygen necessary for life through respiration and to circulate it through the blood to the tissues. Food is digested, providing energy. It is given form by a skeletal system. It is protected against injury and disease by a layer of tissue called skin. The science of the structure of these major bodily systems is anatomy. The basic units of life are cells groups of specialized cells form tissues and different tissues function together to form organs. Various organs function together to make up the system of the human body. TISSUE – IS MADE UP OF A SPECIALIZED GROUP OF CELLS. THERE ARE 4 BASIC TYPES OF TISSUE:
Epithelial tissue forms the skin that covers the
body lines cavities and forms glands. Connective tissue is extensive and forms the support and framework of the whole body. Muscle tissue is designed to produce movement by forcible contraction and includes three different groups: skeletal muscle, smooth and cardiac. Nervous tissue makes up the communication network of the body. AN ORGAN – IS MADE UP OF GROUPS OF SPECIALIZED TISSUES, WORKING TOGETHER WITH A SPECIFIC FUNCTION. A SYSTEM – IS A GROUP OF ORGANS WORKING TOGETHER WITH THE SAME SPECIALIZED FUNCTION. EXERCISE. IDENTIFY THE SYSTEM • 1. ………….. is made up of epidermis, dermis, sebaceous (oil-producing) glands, sudoriferous (sweat-producing) glands. • 2. .………….. is made up of lymph nodes (tonsils and adenoids), lymph vessels, valves, the spleen. • 3. …………... is made up of glands: pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes. • 4. ………….. is made up of male and female reproductive organs. • 5. …………… is made up of kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra. • 6. …………….. includes white blood cells and organs and tissues of the lymph system, such as the thymus, spleen, tonsils, lymph nodes, lymph vessels, and bone marrow. 7. ……………… is made up of mouth (teeth, tongue and salivary glands), epiglottis, esophagus, stomach, intestines, accessory organs: liver, gallbladder, pancreas. 8. ……………… is made up of brain, spinal cord and nerves. 9. ……………….. is made up of lungs and air passages. Nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli. 10. ……………….. is made up of heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries). 11. …………………………. is made up of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscles. 12. ………………………….. is made up of bones, cartilages, ligaments. IDENTIFY THE ORGAN OF HUMAN BODY FIND THE ODD WORD OUT • Cell-tissue-organ-brain • Bones-veins-cartilages-ligaments • Heart-pharynx-larynx-trachea • Pancreas-bladder-liver-gallbladder • Bone marrow-brain-spinal cord-nerves • Palm-leg-knee-foot • Mouth-tooth-tongue-nose • Face-eyebrow-eyelashes-eye • Arteries-veins-capillaries-lungs • Thyroid-pancreas-ovaries-dermis WHAT BODY PARTS ARE THEY? • 1. The part at the end of your arm___________________ • 2. The part in the middle of your arm where it bends____________ • 3. One of the two parts in your head that you see with ___________ • 4. The front part of your head________________ • 5. One of the five parts at the end of each hands_____________ • 6. One of the long parts of the body that is used for walking or standing_________ • 7. One of the hard white things in your mouth that you use for eating_____________ • 8. The front part of your body below your chest and above your legs_____________ • 9. One of the two parts of a person that are used for hearing_____________ • 10. The organ lets you smell and it's a big part of why you are able to taste things_________ READ SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS AND ESTABLISH DIAGNOSIS OF NEXT DISEASES
• Burning ache or pain (indigestion) • Itchy, red spots on the skin
in your upper abdomen that may • Rash become either worse or better with eating • Nasal congestion or sneezing • Nausea • Scratchy throat • Vomiting • Watery or itchy eyes •A feeling of fullness in your upper abdomen after eating INDIVIDUAL PROJECT N.2 Choose one of the major systems of the body, and explain how it functions. • Plan: 1. Title: „The human body is the best picture of the human soul” Interesting facts about:...... 2. Definition 3. Structure 4. Functions 5. Interesting facts about....... + name 5 diseases. H AV E A N I C E D AY ! ! !