Parts and Functions of

 
Musculo-skeletal System
Prepared by
ANA EMELIA P. GALINDO
MT II
Calamba Central School
Calamba, Misamis Occidenal
I. OBJECTIVES:
A. Content Standards:
The learner demonstrate understanding of how the major
organs of the human body work together to form organ
systems
B. Performance Standard:
The learners should be able to make a chart showing
healthful habits that promote proper functioning of the
musculo-skeletal, integumentary, digestive, circulatory,
excretory, and respiratory and nervous systems
C. Learning Competencies/Objectives:
Explain how the organs of each organ system work
together
Describe the structure and function of the parts of the
skeletal system
CODE: S6LT-lIa-b-1
II. CONTENT: Parts and functions of Musculo-skeletal
system 
III. LEARNING RESOURCES:
A.Reference
1. Teacher’s Guide:
2. Learner’s Materials pages
3. Textbook Pages The New Science Links, pp. 104-113
4. Additional Materials from Learning Resources (LR)
portal
A.Other Learning Resources
Power Point Presentation, Science Worksheets, video
clips
Have you observed how houses are
built? What will the construction
worker do first?
Is there a framework that provides
structure to the human body? What
do you call this framework?
Let’s do Activity
# 1. You connect
the cut out
pictures of the
human skeletal
system.
You can stand
straight, walk run,
dance, and do many
things because you
have a musculo-
skeletal system that
supports your body
 
Why study the musculo-
skeletal system? The
musculoskeletal system
includes the bones, the
joints, muscles, tendons,
and ligaments of the
body. Your skeleton
serves as a strong
framework of your body.  
It is where your
muscles are
attached. It
supports your
whole body. It
enables you to
stand and maintain
an upright posture.
It determines the
general shapes of your
whole body, males have
a broader shoulders
than females. Females
have wider hips than
males. Some people
have longer limbs and
bigger heads that
others.
Your skeletons
protect the soft and
delicate organs
inside your body.
The skull protects
the brain while the
ribs protect the
heart.
Let’s do
the
Skeleton
Dance.
Let’s label
the parts.
Do this as a
Group
Work
 Skull

Shoulder Joint
Clavicle/ collar bone

Rib Cage
Humerus/upper arm bone

Radius Spine

Pelvis
Ulna
Metacarpals/ Hand Bones

Femur/Upper Leg Bone

Patella/Knee cap

Tibia

Fibula

Metatarsals/ Foot Bones

What is the
purpose of
the human
skeleton?
Let’s do Activity
#3: Examining
Bone Structure.
 Problem:
How do skeletons function?
What you need:
Chicken wings Dissecting Pan
Disposable gloves dissecting set
What you need to do:
1. Wear disposable gloves. Put the chicken wings in the
dissecting pan.
2. Try to move the parts of the wings. Observe how they move.
3. Cut away the muscles from the bones, leaving the ligaments
intact.
4. Ligaments are tough bands of tissue that attach one bone to
another.
5. Draw the diagram of the wings without the muscles, showing
the structure of the bones and how the bones are attached to
other ends.
What did you found out?
1. Did you notice how the muscles are attached to the bones?
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2. What connects the two bones together?
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3. What do you call the part where two bones meet?
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4. How does the skeleton of the chicken wings function?
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Conclusion:
Make a conclusion based on the given
problem.
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What are the two division
of the skeletal system?
What are the parts &
functions of the axial
skeleton? The
appendicular skeleton?
What is the difference
between compact bone &
spongy bone? Why is bone
marrow important?
 Functions of the Skeleton
 It gives the body much needed support
 It protects the internal organs in the
body
 It makes body movement possible
through the muscles attached to them
 It stores important mineral like
calcium
 It is where millions of blood cells are
produced.
Structure of the Skeletal System
The human skeleton consist of two
divisions the AXIAL and
APPENDICULAR SKELETON. The
AXIAL SKELETON includes the
skull, the vertebral column, the ribs
and the sternum. The
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
includes the bones of the shoulder,
arms, hands, hips legs, and feet.
Let’s do
Activity 3.2
which is
Observing
Movements of
Joints
Problem:
What are different kinds of joints?
What do you need:
Own joints in the body
What do you need to do:
1.Try to move the different parts of
the body by moving it back and
forth, side to side, rotating, and
swinging.
2.Fill out the observation table below
 Body Parts Movement
Neck  
Lower arm  
Upper arm  
Wrist  
Shoulder and  
hips
skull  
What have you found out?
1. Which part of the body allows movement?
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2. What makes the most of the body parts move?
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3. How does the movement of the shoulder differ from

the movement of the arms?
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Conclusion:
Make a conclusion based on the given
problem.
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Kinds
of
Joints
Ball and Socket
The ball and socket joint allows
movement in all direction. The joint in
the shoulder and hips are ball and
socket. They allow a person to swing his
or her arms to swing her arms and legs.
The rounded end of your upper bone
fits into a hollow or socket at the end of
your shoulder bone.
Hinge-Joint
The hinge joint allows
movement in one direction
only. The elbow and knee joint
are hinge joint. They allow
back-and-forth movement like
the hinge of the door.
Gliding Joint
The gliding joint allows
side to side and back and
forth movement. The joint
in wrist, ankles and
vertebrae are gliding
joints.
Pivot Joint
The pivot joint allows rotation
movement. The joint where the
two bones of lower arm, the
radius, and the ulna meet is a
pivot joint. This joint allows a
person to twist the lower arm.
Immovable Joint
The immovable or fixed joint
do not allow movement.
Sutures in the skull are
immovable joint. All skull
bones except the lower jaw
are joint at sutures.
Bones
Bones are made up of thousands of collagen
fibers embedded in mineral salts of calcium
and phosphorous. These minerals make the
bones hard and strong. The outer layer of
the bone is made up of compact bone which
provides strength and protection and the
inner layer which is the spongy bone
contains a jelly like, yellowish substance
called bone marrow. Bone marrow
manufacture the blood cell in the body.
Skull
The skull consist of cranium and facial
bones. The cranium is made of eight bones
joined together to form a rigid case that
protects the brain. The face is made of 14
facial bone. Observes the two eye socket in
front of the skull. The eye socket protects
the eyeball. Without these bones, the eye
maybe injured. Look at the mandible or
jawbone. These bones protect the teeth.
The Spinal Column
The bony structure at the back of your
neck down to the middle part of your
hipbone is the backbone or spinal
column. The spinal column protects the
spinal cord, a very delicate organ. The
neck and backbone are made up of
irregular bones called vertebrae.
Vertebrae are arranged on top of the
other and move over each other slightly.
Ribs
The ribs protect the lungs and
the heart. There are 12 pairs of
ribs. The upper seven pairs are
the true ribs because they are
connected to the breastbone or
sternum and the lower five pairs
are called false ribs.
Appendage
The appendage includes the bones of the
shoulder, arms, hands, pelvis, thighs, legs
and feet. Shoulder support your arms and
hands allows you to do your daily task. You
thigh bone, leg bones, and front bones and
foot bones support your entire body. They
also make walking and running possible.
Your hip bones support you backbone thigh
and legs. They also protect and support
your digestive and reproductive organs
Joints
You can bend, stretch and twist
your body. You are capable of
many kinds at movement
because you have joints. A joint
is the point where two bones
meet. Like a lever a joint enables
the bones to bend and move.
Lets do the Mix
and Match activity

Pair the parts and functions of

Skeletal System in group work
Each group will be provided with
parts (green) and function (yellow)
written in metacards.
Why should bones
be strong? Why is
it important to
prevent falls and
other accidents
that could injure
the bones?
Why is it
dangerous to
move a person
with spinal
fracture?
How will you
take care of
your bones?
TRIVIA: Bones are
alive. They are
made of living
cells capable of
growing and
repairing
themselves.
What are the
ideas did you
learn in the
lesson?
What are the
parts and
functions of
the skeletal
system?
Describe the
potential
consequences if all
bone tissues in
humans were made
of spongy bones &
no compact bones.
Why is bone
marrow
important?
Matching type: Match the parts of the skeletal system in
column A with the functions in column B.
Column A Column B
1. Skull a. the inner layer of the bone that
2. Spinal column contains yellowish substance
3. Bones which manufactures blood cells
4. Hinge joint in the body.
5. Ball and socket b. protects the spinal cord
c. a rigid case that protects the
brain
d. allows movement in all
directions
e. allows movement in one
direction only
How will you
take care of
your bones?