MOMENTS of INERTIA

Moment of inertia is an important property in engineering. It is used in

the analysis and design of structural members and mechanical parts.
MOMENTS of INERTIA

Polar Moment of Inertia:

MOMENTS of INERTIA
Parallel-Axis Theorem for an Area
 Radius of Gyration of an Area
Radius of gyration of an area is often used for the design of compression members in structural mechanics.

k has the unit of length.

 Moments of Inertia for an Area by Integration
In some cases a double integral is needed to evaluate the moment of inertia. Most often, a single integral is
sufficient. If a single integration can be performed then two cases are possible:

Case I: If length of the element is parallel to the axis:

Case II: If length of the element is perpendicular to the axis, then calculate the moment of inertia of the differential
element with respect to an axis passing through the element’s centroid and then determine the moment of inertia of
the element about the x-axis by using the parallel-axis theorem.
 Moments of Inertia for Composite Areas
• A composite area is a series of connected simpler parts or shapes.

• The moment of inertia of the composite area is the algebraic sum of the moments of inertia of all its parts, also
considering the parallel-axis theorem if the axis does not pass through the centroid.
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Example 1:
Determine Ix, Iy, Ixb, and Jc.
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:

To find Iy interchange the dimensions b and h in Ix.

To find Ixb use the parallel-axis theorem:

where and .

Hence:
.
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:

The polar moment of inertia about point C is:

 Moments of Inertia Examples
Example 2:
Calculate the moment of inertia of the triangle about the x axis, y axis and the centroid.
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:

;
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:

Calculation of Iy:
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example: Calculation of Ix:
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:

Calculation of moment of inertia about the centroid:

 Moments of Inertia Examples
Example 3:
Determine Ix, Iy and polar moment of inertia for the circle shown.
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:
Case I: Differential element parallel to the x-axis
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:
Alternative Double integral solution

Since ;

Also,
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:
Case II: Differential element perpendicular to the x-axis
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:

J: Polar moment of inertia

 Moments of Inertia Examples
Example 4:
Calculate the moment of inertia of the T section about the centroid.
 Moments of Inertia Examples
Solution to the Example:

Section Number Ai (cm2) yi (cm) Ai yi (cm3)

1 5 90
2 1 18
Σ 36 N/A 108