Historical antecedents in

which social considerations

changed the course of science
and technology
MODULE 2
 MEMBERS
ALICO, IAN JAY R.
ADRIANO, EISEN Z.
ASDOLO, JOHN KENNETH A.
ASOY, GERARD JOSEPH U.
BATHAN, CEDRIRK JOHN M.
BAUYON, RON BRAIN R.
CAJEBEN, JOHN JOSEPH P.
Science and technology have had both a positive
and negative impact on society, especially in the
following areas:

 Community Life
 Work
 Communication
 Health
 City Life
The shift from nomadic life to farming led
to the development of the city.
 The shift from nomadic life to farming led to the
development of the city.
 Networks of transportation (E.g. bullock carts, horse cart, ) communication, and trade
systems
 Specialized labor (Different community workers specialize in the jobs they do. People
also specialize when they divide the labor on an assembly line or in an office.)
 Government (e.g. Democracy, Aristocracy, Monarchy, Oligarchy., Etc.) and
 Religion (Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Taoism, Judaism,
Confucianism, Bahá'í, Shinto, Jainism, and Zoroastrianism.)
 Networks of Transportation, Communication, and Trade Systems
NETWORK OF TRANSPORTATION
LAND WATER AIR

HOT AIRBALLOON
STEAMBOAT RIVERBOAT
HORSE

AIRPLANE
CHARIOT
TRAIN

SHIP
 Symbols for
Smoke Signals Communication Cave Paintings

COMMUNICATION

RADIOS Newspapers Postal System

INTERNET TELEVISION TELEPHONE

Networks of Transportation, Communication, and Trade Systems
 Networks of Transportation, Communication, and Trade Systems
TRADING SYSTEMS

The First Long-Distance Trade: International trade on the rise:

Obsidian & Agriculture The caravans of India

The Evolution of Stock Exchange

 Government
DEMOCRACY MONARCHY

ARISTOCRACY TOTALITARIAN
Example of Specialized labor

FACTORY
WORKER
 Example of Religion
CONFUCIANISM CHRISTIANIT
Y

ISLAM BUDDHISM
The nineteenth century witnessed the
Industrial Revolution
The nineteenth century witnessed the Industrial Revolution

 Invention of textile manufacturing

machines

 Division of labor (The separation of a

work process into a number of tasks,
with each task performed by a separate
person or group of persons.)
The nineteenth century witnessed the Industrial Revolution

 Increase in production (Production is the

process of making, harvesting or creating
something or the amount of something
that was made or harvested. An example
of production is the creation of furniture.)

 Crowded cities (High-dense population

in cities.)
The nineteenth century witnessed the Industrial Revolution

 Unsafe and unhealthy working

conditions. (Example: Being exposed in
hazardous chemicals)

 Poor working conditions and long

hours
The twentieth century saw the birth of suburbs
The twentieth century saw the birth of suburbs

 Invention of the trolley car and

automobile (airplanes and wheeled motor
vehicles)
The twentieth century saw the birth of suburbs

 A status symbol is a visible, external

symbol of one's social position, an
indicator of economic or social status
The twentieth century saw the birth of suburbs

 Alternative to harsh, crowded city

conditions
The twentieth century saw the birth of suburbs

 Technical innovations saved physical

energy and lessened people’s workload.
• The tractor
• The refrigerator
• The vacuum cleaner
• The washing machine
The twentieth century saw the birth of suburbs

 The concept of leisure developed from

labor- saving technology. People use the
money they earn to take advantage of
leisure time.
• Television
• Social Activities
• Sporting Events and Movies
The twentieth century saw the birth of suburbs

 The greatest innovation of technology

was longevity
 The twentieth century saw the birth of suburbs

A large part of technology has been dedicated to the advancement of

medical science

 Sir Alexander Fleming   Dr. William Thomas Green

In 1796, Edward Jenner paved
discovered penicillin, the way for modern Morton (c. 1846) was one
the first antibiotic, in immunology by discovering a of the first medical
1928 vaccine for smallpox. practitioners to use
anesthesia on a patient
before performing surgery..
Some current innovations could have a drastic impact on society.

 In 1997, scientists at the Roslin Institute in

Edinburgh, Scotland, introduced Dolly the sheep, the
first mammal ever to have been cloned. Dolly
quickly became the symbol of the controversy over
the ethics of cloning. Embryonic stem cell research
is another area that is at the center of controversy.
While stem cells might be able to be used to
generate new organs for transplant, the use of them
has many ethical considerations.
 Impact of Science and Technology on Environment

 Application of Chemical Fertilizers, Pesticides and Insecticides

Example: toxic materials are transported across the placenta and reach the developing fetus of
women and cause abortions and delivery of premature child.
 High yield Economic Development Change in Soil Chemistry Soil Degradation
 Use of chemicals such as DDT, BHC, etc.,
 Industrial Growth and its Environmental Impacts
- Industrial expansion – release of enormous quantities of pollutants – ions of chlorine, sodium
sulphate, magnesium phosphate etc.
 Impact of Science and Technology on Environment

 Coal consumption in thermal plants – fly ash, smoke, Sulphur oxide and other gases.
 Burning of hydrocarbon fuels – Increased concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, Increase in global
temperature , CO2 + H2O H2CO3, Carbonic acid changes the soil chemistry.
 Nitrates in food and water Nitrites by bacteria in digestive system Nitrites enter blood vascular system
combines with Hemoglobin Trigger a lot of metabolic disorders.
 Industrial wastes – chemicals, metals, solid wastes and garbage • Release of CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon) –
Depletion of Ozone • Sulphur dioxide reacts quickly with Atmospheric moisture – Sulphuric acid –
Respiratory diseases and Acid Rain
Effects of Science and Technology in the
Philippines
 Effects of Science and Technology in the Philippines

 The early inhabitants of the archipelago had their own culture and traditions.
– Own belief system and indigenous knowledge
– Keeps them organized and sustained their lives and communities for many years.
 Metal Age influence – Gold and silver jewelry. Trading with other countries Indigenous or Folk Science
 Medicine and advanced science were introduced in formal colleges and universities
 New Republic – Focusing on using its limited resources in improving S&T capability. – Use of Overseas
Development Allocation to improve scientific productivity and technological capability. – Human resource
development
THANK YOU