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 Simulation and Optimization of Splayed Heat Sink Using
COMSOL Software

Presenters
 Takbeer Zahid (FA18-EPE-012)

 Umar Rahman (FA18-EPE-015)

 Muhammad Rehan (FA18-EPE-166)

Supervisor Engr. Zulfiqar Khattak

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Project Outline
o Objectives
o Introduction
o Modern Heat sink
o Splayed Heat sink
o Uses
o Literature Review
o Engineering Problem
o Methodology
o Block Diagram
o Proposed Solution
o Mathematical modeling
o COMSOL Software
o Project work-flow
o Optimization
 Objective function and constraints
o Results
o References

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Objectives

 Simulation & thermal analysis of Commercial

Splayed Heat Sink using Comsol Multiphysics®
software
 Study & Implementation of Optimization tools for
modification and efficiency enhancement of splayed
Heat sink
 Comparison of results generated from commercial and
optimized splayed heat sink

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Introduction

o The heatsink is typically a metallic heat exchanger

which can be attached to a device releasing energy in
the form of heat

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 Splayed Heat Sink [4]

 Splayed heat sinks are relatively new derivatives of the standard pin fin heat
sink
 Unlike standard heat sink it contain an
array of vertically oriented pins that gradually bend outwards
 Curving the pins in this way increases the spacing
between them
 Surface area of heat sink remains same.

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 Uses
 It is used in Solar Inverter

 It is used for IC Cooling in an

electronics devices

 It is used in street light LED

 It is used in dc power supply

 It is used in Computer for IC cooling

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Literature Review
Previously, the work done on Heat Sink was based on
`

 Height of fins
 Distance between fins
 Size of heat sink
 Angle shift between fins
Optimization for enhancing efficiency was performed on
basis of the angle shift of fins (i.e )

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Engineering Problem

 Design and enhancing efficiency of Splayed

Heat Sink using optimization tools in
COMSOL Multiphysics Software

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Methodology

 Designed CAD model (AUTOCAD)

 Import CAD model to COMSOL MultiPhysics
 Performing optimization to enhance efficiency
 Mathematical expressions & results

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Block Diagram

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 Mathematical Modeling
Thermal resistance
Pressure drop
Where ,
Rth=Thermal resistance

ho=Heat Co-efficient ΔP=f

Ab=Area of base
N=Number of fins
Afin=Area

Reynold ‘s Number
Re=
=Density of air
Umax= maximum velocity
Dh=hydraulic diameter

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Proposed Solution

Optimizing commercial splayed heat sink on the basis of

parametric variations which are:
• Angle shift
• Fins diameter
• Material
• Size
Our main objective will be its optimization on the basis of
angle shift

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COMSOL Software
 COMSOL Multiphysics
 GUI Based Software
 Modeling and solving of mathematical and designing problem
 Geometry, mesh, visualization and results.
 Optimization Interface available

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Project Workflow

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Optimization
 Optimization is a tool that you can use in conjunction with any existing COMSOL
Multiphysics Product.
 Term Optimization Means improving your COMSOL Multiphysics model
 This improvement involve four steps

 First, you define your objective function – a figure of merit that describes your
system
 Second, you define a set of design variables – the inputs to the model that you
would like to change
 Third, you define a set of constraints, bounds on your design variables, or operating
conditions that need to be satisfied
 Last, you use the Optimization Module to improve your design by changing the
design variables, while satisfying your constraints.

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Objective function and constraints

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Defined parameters

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Splayed Heat Sink Design (80 ° )

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Tunnel view

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Mesh plot

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Surface Temperature (Deg)

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Iso-surface Temperature (K)

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Velocity slices

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Pressure

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Velocity streamline

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Thermal Resistance vs Velocity

Velocity Thermal
Resistance[k
/W]

5 0.098700

10 0.082200

15 0.070400

20 0.061700

25 0.049300

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Thermal resistance vs Heat Flux

Heat Flux[W] Thermal

Resistance[
k/W]
10 0.098700

30 0.082200

50 0.070400

70 0.061700

90 0.049300

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Thermal Resistance VS Heat coefficient :
Heat Thermal
Coefficient Resistance[
[W/ k/W]

10 0.0987

12 0.0822

14 0.0704

16 0.0617

20 0.0493

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Splayed Heat Sink Design (75 ° ) :

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Tunnel View

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Surface Temperature (Deg):

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Mesh plot

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Iso-surface Temperature (K)

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Velocity slices

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Pressure

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Velocity streamline:

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Thermal resistance vs Velocity:

Velocity Thermal
Resistance[k
/W]

5 0.094700

10 0.079200

15 0.068400

20 0.059700

25 0.047300

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Thermal resistance vs heat flux:

Heat Flux[W] Thermal

Resistance[k
/W]

10 0.094700

30 0.079200

50 0.068400

70 0.059700

90 0.047300

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Thermal resistance vs heat coefficient

Heat Thermal
Coefficient Resistance[
[W/ k/W]

10 0.0947

12 0.0792

14 0.0684

16 0.0597

20 0.0473

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 References:
 https://www.radianheatsinks.com/heatsink/
 K. Nishino et al., 1996. Turbulence statistics in the stagnation region of an axisymmetric
impinging jet flow, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 17, 193-201
 https://uk.rs-online.com/web/generalDisplay.html?id=ideas-and-advice/heatsinks-guide
 https://www.ijert.org/research/cfd-analysis-of-splayed-pin-fin-heat-sink-for-electronic-
cooling-IJERTV1IS10473.pdf
 Khattak, Zulfiqar, and Hafiz Muhammad Ali. "Air cooled heat sink geometries subjected
to forced flow: A critical review." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 130
(2019): 141-161.]

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