English 9

Sentence structure
MAJOR FOR COLLEGE CHILD DEVELOPMENT

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MAJOR FOR COLLEGE
Empathy
Mercury is the closest planet
to the Sun and the smallest
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Required skills
Team work
Venus has a beautiful name Speech skills
and very high temperatures
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place
Students’ testimonials
 Simple Sentences
A simple sentence contains a subject and a
verb, and it may also have an object and
modifiers. However, it contains only one
independent clause.
 Example

Key: Yellow, bold = subject; green underline = verb, blue,

italics = object, pink, regular font =prepositional phrase
1. She wrote.
2. She completed her literature review.
3. He organized his sources by theme.
4. They studied APA rules for many hours.
 Compound Sentences
A compound sentence contains at least two
independent clauses. These two
independent clauses can be combined with
a comma and a coordinating conjunction
or with a semicolon.
 Example
Key: independent clause = yellow, bold; comma or semicolon = pink, regular
font; coordinating conjunction = green, underlined

1. She completed her literature review, and she

created her reference list.
2. He organized his sources by theme; then, he
updated his reference list.
3. They studied APA rules for many hours, but they
realized there was still much to learn.
 Complex Sentences
A complex sentence contains at least one
independent clause and at least one dependent
clause. Dependent clauses can refer to the
subject (who, which) the sequence/time
(since, while), or the causal elements
(because, if) of the independent clause.
 Complex Sentences
If a sentence begins with a dependent clause,
note the comma after this clause. If, on the
other hand, the sentence begins with an
independent clause, there is not a comma
separating the two clauses.
Example
Key: independent clause = yellow, bold; comma = pink, regular font; dependent
clause = blue, italics
1. Although she completed her literature review, she still needed to work on
her methods section.
Note the comma in this sentence because it begins with a dependent
clause.
2. Because he organized his sources by theme, it was easier for his readers
to follow.
Note the comma in this sentence because it begins with a dependent
clause.
 Example

Key: independent clause = yellow, bold; comma = pink, regular

font; dependent clause = blue, italics
1. They studied APA rules for many hours as they were so
interesting.
Note that there is no comma in this sentence because it
begins with an independent clause
 Compound-Complex Sentences
Sentence types can also be combined. A
compound-complex sentence contains at least
two independent clauses and at least one
dependent clause.
Example
Key: independent clause = yellow, bold; comma or semicolon =
pink, regular font; coordinating conjunction = green, underlined;
dependent clause = blue, italics
1. She completed her literature review, but she still needs to
work on her methods section even though she finished her
methods course last semester.
2. Although he organized his sources by theme, he decided to
arrange them chronologically, and he carefully followed the
MEAL plan for organization.
Example
Key: independent clause = yellow, bold; comma or semicolon =
pink, regular font; coordinating conjunction = green, underlined;
dependent clause = blue, italics
3. With pizza and soda at hand, they studied APA rules for many hours,
and they decided that writing in APA made sense because it was clear,
concise, and objective.
● Using some complex-compound sentences in writing allows for more
sentence variety.
● Pay close attention to comma usage in complex-compound sentences so
that the reader is easily able to follow the intended meaning.
Identify whether the sentences are simple, complex, compound or
compound-complex. Please underline dependent clauses where it
applies.
1. Vampires Diaries is my favorite television show, but I also love True Blood.
2. The student wiped the white board that was filthy with last week’s notes.
3. The trendy fashion designer released her new line on Wednesday.
4. Trina and Hareem went to a bar in Hollywood to celebrate their anniversary.
5. Wicked Regina cast a spell on the entire city, so the citizens decided to
rebel.
6. While waiting for the paint to dry, Angela went to Home Depot, and Martin
organized the kitchen appliances.
7. After listening to the Kanye West CD, I have new respect for his music.
8. After the teacher chose groups, John and Sara were selected as partners
for a project, yet Sarah did most of the work.