Lesson 6.

Direct Proportion
 Learning Competencies

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able

to do the following:

● Define and illustrate the meaning of ratio and

proportion using concrete or pictorial models
(M6NS-IIb-131).
● Find a missing term in a proportion (direct, inverse,
and partitive) (M6NS-IIb-133).
 Learning Competencies

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able

to do the following:

● Solve problems involving direct proportion, partitive

proportion, and inverse proportion in different
contexts such as distance, rate, and time using
appropriate strategies and tools (M6NS-IIc-134).
 Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to

do the following:
● Define and illustrate the meaning of proportion
using concrete or pictorial models.
● Find the missing term in a direct proportion.
● Solve problems involving direct proportion in
different contexts.
People in the construction field, such as engineers and
construction workers, base their work on a plan made by an
architect. This plan is called a blueprint.
A blueprint contains all the plans and guides they need to follow
in making a building. In a blueprint, you can see the scale of
measurements that must be strictly followed in the real world
when a building is constructed.
One important thing that engineers and construction workers
need to follow in a blueprint the measurement of the building.
Of course, the architect cannot make a blueprint as big as the
building itself, so the blueprint follows a specific scale. For
example, they may use a ratio of 10 cm : 1 m. In interpreting
such scale, you have to apply direct proportion.
In this lesson, you will learn about direct proportion and how it
is applied in real life situations.
 Essential Questions

● How will you illustrate two or more quantities that

increase or decrease in the same ratio?

● How will you find a missing term in a direct proportion?

 Learn about It!

Proportion
It is an expression of equal ratios.

Example:
The mathematical sentence is a proportion since is the
simplest form of .
 Learn about It!

Direct Proportion
It refers to a proportion where one term increases when the
other term increases and decreases when the other
decreases.

Example:
Five liters of fuel is needed for a car to cover a total distance of
100 km. How many liters is required for it to cover 300 km?
 Learn about It!

Direct Proportion
Example:
In the given problem, the amount of fuel needed is expected
to increase when the total distance that the car should cover
increases. Thus, the proportion , where is the amount of fuel
required to cover 300 km, is a direct proportion.
 Learn about It!

Means and Extremes

In a proportion, , and are called the means and and are
called the extremes.

Example:
In the proportion , the means are and and the extremes are
and .
 Learn about It!

Finding the Missing Term in a Proportion

To find the missing term in a proportion, identify the means
and the extremes and then write the mathematical
statement following the rule “the product of the means is
equal to the product of the extremes.” Solve then for the
missing term.
 Learn about It!

Finding the Missing Term in a Proportion

Example:
To find the value of in , we do the following steps:
 Learn about It!

Finding the Missing Term in a Proportion

Example:
1. Identify the extremes and the means

extremes

means
 Learn about It!

Finding the Missing Term in a Proportion

Example:
2. Write the mathematical sentence to find following the
rule “the product of the means is equal to the product of
the extremes.”
 Learn about It!

Finding the Missing Term in a Proportion

Example:
3. Solve for .
 Try it!Practice
Let’s

Example 1: Find the value of if .

 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Find the value of if .

Solution:
1. Identify the extremes and means.

extremes

means
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Find the value of if .

Solution:
2. Write the mathematical sentence to find following the rule
“the product of the means is equal to the product of the
extremes.”
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Find the value of if .

Solution:
3. Solve for .
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Find the value of if .

Solution:
Therefore, the value of if is 3.
 Try it!Practice
Let’s

Example 2: What is the value of in the proportion ?

 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: What is the value of in the proportion ?

Solution:
1. Identify the extremes and means.
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: What is the value of in the proportion ?

Solution:
1. Identify the extremes and means.

extremes

means
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: What is the value of in the proportion ?

Solution:
2. Write the mathematical sentence to find following the
rule “the product of the means is equal to the product of
the extremes.”
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: What is the value of in the proportion ?

Solution:
3. Solve for .
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: What is the value of in the proportion ?

Solution:
Thus, the value of in the proportion is 7.
 Try It!

Individual Practice:
1. Find the value of if .

2. Find the value of in the direct proportion .

 Try It!

Group Practice: To be done in groups of three.

A gardener puts lbs. of fertilizer for every square feet in his

garden plot. How much fertilizer is needed for the garden
plot with an area of square feet?
 Key Points

● Proportion is an expression that denotes the equality of

two ratios.

● Direct proportion is a proportion where one term

increases when the other term increases and decreases
when the other decreases.
 Key Points

● In a proportion, , and are called the means and and are

called the extremes.

● To find the missing term in a proportion, identify the

means and the extremes and then write the mathematical
statement following the rule “the product of the means is
equal to the product of the extremes.”
 Bibliography

Cruz, Yvette and Inere, Reverie. Exploring Math Possibilities. Philippines. Don Bosco Press, 2015

“Direct Proportion.” Emathzone. Retrieved 01 May 2019 from https://bit.ly/2WgbDop

Smartick Intl. "Direct Proportions: What Are They? What Are They Used For?" Smartick.
Retrieved 01 May 2019 from https://bit.ly/2D3REBM