Design of

Irrigation
Facilities

DAY 2
August 11, 2022

A. S. Academia
Recap . . .

I R R I G AT I O N A N D D R A I N A G E N E T W O R K
Design of Road Crossing

ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing

Road Crossing

- Used to cross a channel through and under a road or railway.

ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing
Typical Considerations

 Angle of passing shall be at right angle as much as possible

 Considerations for the depth of earth cover

 Land use

 Overburden pressure that can be carried

 Minimum of 0.90m for road crossing and 0.60m for thresher crossing

ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing
Hydraulic Analysis Necessity

 Determine if the head available is adequate or determine what head could be used.

 Avoid backwater effect

ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing
Data Needed

 Discharge that will pass through

 Upstream W.S. elevation

 Upstream mean velocity

 Downstream W.S. elevation

ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing
Designing with no Headloss Consideration

(Minimum hydraulic loss…)

 Make a trial cross sectional area

 Provide inlet seal of 1.5Δhv (or a minimum of 8cm)

 Outlet transition shall have no submergence

 If submergence exceeds 1/6 of the opening, headloss shall be considered

 Angle on the inlet transition centerline shall not exceed 27.5° and on the outlet to 22.5 °

ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing
Designing with no Headloss Consideration

(Minimum hydraulic loss…)

 Length of transition at the inlet shall not be less than 3.5d

 Length of transition at the outlet shall not be less than 5d

ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing
Designing with no Headloss Consideration

(Cutoff Walls)

 Cutoff shall be provided for both unlined and lined canals

 Cutoff depth at inlet shall be d/2 (min. 60cm and max. 120cm)

 Cut off depth at outlet shall be 2/3 of d (min. 80cm and max. of 150cm)

 Thickness:

 15cm minimum for depth up to 80cm

 20cm for greater depth

ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing
Designing with no Headloss Consideration

(Erosion protection)

 Refer to page 117 of the manual for the Design of Canal and Canal Structures

ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing
Sample Problem

W.S. EL. 100.10

W.S. EL. 100.00
Design a rectangular thresher crossing

L = 4.0m

CANAL ELEMENTS
STA. 0+400 – 0+900
Q = 1.0 cu.m./s

PROP. THR. X-ING &CHK.C.B. EL. 99.39

V = 0.914 m/s
A = ____ sq.m. CANAL ELEMENTS
b = 1.20 m STA. 0+400 – 0+900

C.B. EL. 99.49

d = 0.606 m Q = 0.95 cu.m./s
D = ____ m V = 0.906 m/s
R = ____ m A = ____ sq.m.
S = 0.001 b = 1.00 m
Ss = 1 : 1 d = 0.613 m
n = 0.018 D = ____ m
R = ____ m
S = 0.001
Ss = 1 : 1
n =. 0.018

STA. 0+400
ROAD CROSSING
Design of Road Crossing
Solution

Note: There is no NG given, so let’s just assume that the top bank upstream is also the
elevation of the roadway and we will add an earth cover of 60cm.

1. Make a trial cross section, using orifice formula

Use C = 0.70 (Orifice coefficient is 0.60 – 0.75)

2. Use the A o computed, assign b=1.00m then compute for barrel height

ROAD CROSSING