CONDITIONAL

SENTENCES
Teacher: Bruna Wagner
Introduction to Conditional Sentences

• Understanding and Using Conditional Sentences in English

• Today, we will be discussing the different types of conditional sentences,

their structures and how to use them in different situations.
The Zero Conditional: Form and Examples

• The zero conditional is used to express a fact or a general truth.

• The structure of the zero conditional is simple and consists of two clauses:
the condition clause, which is in the present tense, and the result clause,
which is also in the present tense.
• The condition and result clauses are connected by the word “if” or “when”.
• Example: "If you heat ice, it melts" or "When the sun rises, the birds start
to sing."
The First Conditional: Form and Examples

• The first conditional is used to express a possible future outcome based on

a present condition.
• Structure: the condition clause, which is in the present tense, and the result
clause, which is in the future tense.
• The condition and result clauses are connected by the word “if”.
• Example: “If it rains, I will stay home” or “If he studies hard, he will pass
the exam”.
The Second Conditional: Form and Examples

• The second conditional is used to express an unlikely or hypothetical

situation in the present or future.
• The structure of the second conditional is a little more complex and consists
of two clauses: the condition clause, which is in the past simple tense, and the
result clause, which is in the present conditional or present continuous tense.
• The condition and result clauses are connected by the word “if”.
• Example: “If I had a million dollars, I would travel the world” or “If he were
taller, he could play basketball”.
Practice Activity: Conditional Sentences
• Classify them into the correct type of conditional sentence: zero, first or second.
a) If it rains, I'll stay at home.
b) I'll buy a new car if I get a raise.
c) If she studies hard, she'll pass the exam.
d) I'll cook dinner if you do the shopping.
e) If the weather is good, we'll go for a walk.
f) If he takes the bus, he'll be on time.
g) If you don't hurry, you'll be late.
h) I'll lend you my book if you promise to return it.
Homework

• For homework, create your own conditional sentence examples using the
different forms we have learned.
• Write them down or create a presentation to share with the class next
session.
Conclusion: Key Takeaways

• Conditional sentences are used to express hypothetical or unreal situations

in the present or future.
• The zero conditional expresses a general truth or scientific fact.
• The first conditional expresses a possible future situation and its likely
result.
• The second conditional expresses an unlikely or hypothetical situation.
• "English Grammar in Use" by Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press
• "Grammar for English Language Teachers" by Martin Parrott, Cambridge
University Press
• "The Oxford Guide to English Grammar" by John Eastwood, Oxford University
Press
• Websites like grammarly.com, englishcentral.com, and britishcouncil.org have
also interactive exercises and explanations about Conditional sentences.