ABSOLUTE MEASURES

OF
VARIATIONS

NICKY P. BOLINGKIT
 There are five types of absolute measures of variation which are very important in analysing
the variation of scores of the students in certain assessment procedures.

These are the range, inter-quartile range and quartile deviation, and variance and
standard deviation.
 A NG E
1. R
-is the difference between the highest score and
the lowest score in distribution.

Range for Ungrouped Data

R = HS - LS
where,
R – range value
HS – highest score
LS – lowest score

EXAMPLE:

Set of Scores;

( 11, 13, 12, 15)

R = HS-LS
= 15-11
=4
 2. INTER-QUARTILE
RANGE (IQR)

- is the difference between the third quartile and the first quartile.
  Formula; IQR = Q₃ - Q₁
Example;
Find the Inter Quartile Range of the following. (15, 19, 23, 25, 37, 39, 43 )
 
Q1 Q2 Q3
IQR = Q₃-Q ₁
IQR= 39-19
IQR= 20
3. QUARTILE DEVIATION
(QD)

-indicates the distance we need to go above the median to approximately

include the middle 50% of the scores. It based on the range of the middle 50%
of the scores, instead of the range of the entire set.

The formula in computing the value of the quartile deviation is

QD =
where QD is the quartile deviation value, Q₁ is the value of the first quartile, and Q₃ is the value of the
third quartile.
 
 4. STANDARD DEVIATION

- is the most important measure of variation or dispersion. It is the

average distance of all the scores that deviates from the mean value.
Its shows variation about the mean. It also known as the square root
of the variance

5. VARIANCE

- is one of the most important measure of variation .It

shows variation about the mean.

Population Variance

Sample Variance
s² =
 Population Standard Deviation
STEPS IN SOLVING VARIANCE OF UNGROUPED DATA
 

• Solve for the mean value.

Sample Standard Deviation
• Subtract the mean value from each score.
• Square the difference between the mean and each score
• Find the sum of step 4.
• Solve for the population variance or simple variance using the formula of
ungrouped data.

Steps in Solving Standard Deviation of Ungrouped Data

• Solve for the mean value.
• Subtract the mean value from each score.
• Square the difference between the mean and each score.
• Find the sum of step 4.
• Solve for the population standard deviation or sample standard deviation using
the formula of ungrouped data.
Note: If the variance is already solved, take the square root of the variance to get the value of the standard deviation.
 Example: Below are the scores of 10 students in Mathematics quiz consists of 20 items.
Compute the population and sample variance and the population and sample standard deviation
 

X x- (x-²
6 -7 49
8 -5 25
9 -4 16
10 -3 9
13 0 0
15 2 4
16 3 9
16 3 9
17 4 16
20 7 49
  (x-²=186
X = 10    
 X x - (x-²
6 6 – 13 = -7 (-7)² = 49
8 8 – 13 = -5 (-5) ² = 25
9 9 – 13 = -4 (-4) ² = 16
10 10 – 13 = -3 (-3) ² = 9

13 13 – 13 = 0 (0) ² = 0

15 15 - 13 = 2 (2) ² = 4

16 16 – 13 = 3 (3) ² = 9

16 16- 13 = 3 (3) ² = 9

17 17 – 13 = 4 (4) ² = 16

20 20 – 13 = 7 (7) ² = 49
  (x-²=186
X = 13    
 X x- (x-²
6 -7 49
8 -5 25
9 -4 16
10 -3 9
13 0 0
15 2 4
16 3 9
16 3 9
17 4 16
20 7 49
  (x-²=186
X = 13    

Population Variance Sample Variance

²= s² =
=   =
=18.6 =
=20.67
Gamsahabnida