Oscillation …

BY:RITHAN.K
11-A
What is Oscillation?

• Oscillation is defined as the process of

repeating variations of any quantity or
measure about its equilibrium value in
time. Oscillation can also be defined as a
periodic variation of a matter between
two values or about its central value.
 Examples of Oscillations…

• Examples for oscillation are the tides in the

sea and the movement of a simple
pendulum in a clock. Another example of
oscillation is the movement of spring. The
vibration of strings in guitar and other string
instruments are also examples of oscillations.
Oscillation Types…

•Damped Oscillations
•Undamped Oscillations
.The amplitude of the wave is being diminished
with time. The amplitude of the wave gets
reduced and such oscillations are called damped
oscillation.
•Different Types of Damped
Oscillations:
• Damped oscillations can mainly be classified into
three types
• Under damped oscillations: Damping constant <1
• Critically damped oscillations: Damping constant
= 1
• Over damped oscillations: Damping constant >1
A graph showing various damping system is shown above and the three types of damping systems.
• Under Damped Oscillations…
• An underdamped oscillation reaches the zero value or the
equilibrium point faster but oscillations occur across the
equilibrium point one or more time. In underdamped
oscillations, the damping constant is less than one.
• In underdamped oscillations, the oscillation becomes stable
very slowly. Under damped oscillations have least energy
dissipation compared to other damping systems.
• . Critically Damped Oscillations…

• Critically damping is the damping in which the damping of

the oscillation causes it to return to its equilibrium point
fast and does not create any oscillations back and forth
about that point. Critical damping is the damping in which
the damping constant is equal to one.
• Critical damping is the precise damping required for a
system. In critical damping, the damping applied is such
that the force available is just sufficient to bring the
oscillation into equilibrium without any further back and
forth movement (oscillations)
•Over Damped Oscillations…
• The damping in which the oscillations reach
equilibrium point slowly and do not create
any oscillations across the equilibrium point is
termed as overdamped oscillations. In
overdamped oscillations, the damping constant
is greater than one. Over damped oscillations
have higher energy dissipation compared with
other damping systems.
•Undamped Oscillations…
• An undamped oscillation is an oscillation in which,
when displaced from its equilibrium point, experiences
a restoring force which is proportional to the
displacement. So, in the undamped oscillation
system, the magnitude of the oscillations never fades
and the magnitude of the oscillation remains the
same. An example of undamped oscillation is
alternating current (AC Wave)…