sampling

D I O N E S I O L . PA DA N G , M A E D

action research writeshop for master teachers

Jardin de Elena• 20 MAY 2019
target |
This session aims for you to be able to:
 differentiate random and nonrandom
sampling procedure in selecting participants
for Action Research;
 describe different random and nonrandom
sampling methods; and
 determine appropriate sampling procedure
and sample size for different research
questions.
 target population

accessible population

sample size
target population |
~ theoretical population
~ the entire group of individuals to which
the intervention or treatment might be
applied in order to solve the same
problem or issue.
accessible population |
~ study population
~ a subset of the target population which
consists of the students within our reach
who we can select to participate in our
study.
sample |
~ a subset of the accessible population
that eventually participates in the Action
Research.
~ must be representative of the target
population.
 sampling
non-
random
random
simple purposive
systematic
stratified
convenience
cluster
snowball
multistage quota
 RANDOM SAMPLING

~ process of selecting research

participants from the accessible
population wherein each member of the
subset has an equal chance of being
chosen.
simple random sampling |

~ lottery
stratified random sampling |

~ study population is divided into

subgroups (strata) and sample is taken
from each subgroup proportionately.
clustered random sampling |

~ assuming all members of selected

groups have similar characteristics.
~ suitable when the population is very
large.
multistage random sampling |

~ clusters are randomly selected and

from them, individuals are chosen.
 sampling
non-
random
random
simple purposive
systematic
stratified
convenience
cluster
snowball
multistage quota
NONRANDOM SAMPLING

~ process of selecting research

participants from the accessible
population wherein members of the
subset do not have an equal chance of
being selected.
purposive sampling |

~ on the basis of certain characteristics

that they might have, which are crucial to
the purpose of the study.
systematic sampling |

~ population is organized in sequence

~ decide on a periodic interval
~ random start

~ simple, convenient, and easy

convenience sampling |

~ accessible or accidental
~ whoever is present, available, or willing
to participate in the study

~ may not fully represent the population

snowball sampling |

~ referral
~ usually applied for interviews as
preliminary study
quota sampling |

~ the sample has the same proportion of

individuals from the population
according to certain characteristics.
 recommended sample size

experimental and causal comparative

~ at least n = 30 for each group by the
time the experiment finishes.

correlational studies
~ at least n = 50, preferably random
 recommended sample size

surveys
~ at least n = 100, preferably random

qualitative studies
~ can be as small as n = 1; purposive
~ if more than n = 1, maximum variation
 ethical considerations

INFORMED CONSENT
~ seek signed permission from adults,
school head.

RIGHT TO PRIVACY
~ confidential data, privacy is honored
and maintained.
Thank you!
MARK GALLANO
Policy Planning and Research Division
Department of Education Regional Office VIII
mark.gallano002@deped.gov.ph | (053) 323-5869