时态（最终）讲义

零基础 · 逻辑重建所有时态
讲师赵茜茜
16 种时态
一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时一般过去将来时
一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时过去将来进行时
一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时过去将来完成时
过去将来完成进行时
本节重点
1
内涵
2
写法
1
点时态
点时态
1. 发生在某特定时间点
一般现在时
粗点一般过去时
一般将来时
2. 分为粗点和精点
现在进行时
精点过去进行时
将来进行时
粗点时态：一般现在时
例句： I love you.

现在

现在
You me.
We you.
He you.
Lao Zhong English. （ teach ）
动词三单
与现在有关的时态中，当动词出现在第三人称单数后时，要变成三单形式。
（规则变化 + s/es ）
第一人称第二人称第三人称
单数复数单数复数单数复数
I we you you he, she, it, they, Mary and
Mary, China, Jack, China and
a/the book… Russia, two
books…
I like Jack. We like You like Jack. You like She likes Jack. They like Jack.
Jack. Jack.
Mary likes Jack. Mary and Lily like Jack.
China develops China and Russia develop

fast. fast.
动词分类是否有三单变化（ -s/-es ）
实义动词 √
系动词 √ （ be 动词： am/is/are ）
助动词 √ （ will 除外）
情态动词 ×

现在
You me.
We you.
He you.
Lao Zhong English. （ teach ）

现在
You love me.
We love you.
He loves you.
Lao Zhong teaches English.

现在
You love me.
We love you.
He loves you.
构成： v / v(-s/-es)

现在
You love me.
We love you. 注意 be 动词：
He loves you. I am a teacher.
He is a teacher.
We are teachers.
You are a teacher.
构成： v / v(-s/-es)
They are teachers.
粗点时态：一般过去时
构成： v-ed
过去现在
例句： I called Lily yesterday.
构成： v-ed
过去现在
You Lily yesterday.
We Lily yesterday.
He Lily yesterday.
They Lily yesterday.
构成： v-ed
过去现在
You called Lily yesterday.
We called Lily yesterday.
He called Lily yesterday.
They called Lily yesterday.
构成： v-ed
过去现在
You called Lily yesterday. 注意 be 动词：
I was a teacher.
We called Lily yesterday.
He was a teacher.
He called Lily yesterday. We were teachers.
They called Lily yesterday. You were good to me.
They were teachers.
粗点时态：一般将来时
构成： will + v
过去现在将来
例句： I will meet her tomorrow.
构成： will + v
过去现在将来
You her tomorrow.
We her tomorrow.
He her tomorrow.
They her tomorrow.
构成： will + v
过去现在将来
You will meet her tomorrow.
We will meet her tomorrow.
He will meet her tomorrow.
They will meet her tomorrow.
点时态
1. 发生在某特定时间点
一般现在时： v/v(-s/-es)
粗点一般过去时： v-ed
一般将来时： will + v
现在进行时
精点过去进行时
将来进行时
精点时态：现在进行时
构成： be( 一般现在时 ) + v-

ing 现在
例句： I am talking now.
构成： be( 一般现在时 ) + v-ing

现在
You now.
We now.
He now.
They now.
构成： be( 一般现在时 ) + v-ing

现在
You are talking now.
We are talking now.
He is talking now.
They are talking now.
精点时态：过去进行时
构成： be( 一般过去时 ) + v-ing

过去现在
例句： I was watching TV when he came in.

过去现在
We TV when he came in.
She TV when he came in.
They TV when he came in.

过去现在
We were watching TV when he came in.
She was watching TV when he came in.
They were watching TV when he came in.
精点时态：将来进行时
构成： be( 一般将来时 ) + v-ing

过去现在将来
例句： I will be watching TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.


过去现在将来

We TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
He TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
They TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.

过去现在将来

We will be watching TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
He will be watching TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
They will be watching TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
点时态
1. 发生在某特定时间点粗点
一般过去时： v-ed
现在进行时： be( 一般现在时 ) + v-ing
精点
过去进行时： be( 一般过去时 ) + v-ing
将来进行时： be( 一般将来时 ) + v-ing

点时态
1. 发生在某特定时间点粗点
一般过去时： v-ed
现在进行时：am
be(/ 一般现在时
is / are ) + v-ing
精点
过去进行时：was
be( 一般过去时
/ were ) + v-ing
将来进行时：will
be( be
一般将来时 ) + v-ing
2
段时态
段时态
一动作在某开放时间区间内完成
1. 表达过程感
一动作在某时间区间内持续
现在完成时
2. 以完成体为代表
过去完成时
将来完成时
段时态：现在完成时
构成： have( 一般现在时 ) + v-

ed 现在
例句： I have met Lily.

ed 现在
We Lily.
You Lily.
He Lily.
They Lily.

ed 现在
We have met Lily.
You have met Lily.
He has met Lily.
They have met Lily.
段时态：过去完成时
构成： have( 一般过去时 ) + v-

ed 过去现在
例句： She had left before he came.

ed 过去现在

I before he came.
We before he came.
They before he came.

ed 过去现在

I had left before he came.
We had left before he came.
They had left before he came.
段时态：将来完成时
构成： have( 一般将来时 ) + v-

ed 过去现在将来
例句： She will have left by next Monday.


I by next Monday.
We by next Monday.
They by next Monday.


I will have left by next Monday.
We will have left by next Monday.
They will have left by next Monday.
段时态
She has lived here since 1985.
She said that she had lived here since 1985.
She will have lived here for 20 years by next year.

段时态
1. 表达过程感
现在完成时： have( 一般现在时 ) + v-ed
过去完成时： have( 一般过去时 ) + v-ed
将来完成时： have( 一般将来时 ) + v-ed

段时态
1. 表达过程感
have / has
现在完成时： have( 一般现在时 ) + v-ed
had
过去完成时： have( 一般过去时 ) + v-ed
will have
将来完成时： have( 一般将来时 ) + v-ed

3
点和段的杂交
点和段的杂交
完成时进行时
现在完成时现在进行时
过去完成时过去进行时
将来完成时将来进行时
现在完成时
段： I have called him.
现在
现在进行时
点： I am calling him now.
现在
现在完成时
段： I have called him.
现在
现在进行时
点： I am calling him now.
现在
现在完成进行时
点 + 段： I have been calling him.
现在
I have been calling him.

have( 一般现在时 ) + been + v-ing

have( 一般现在时 ) + been + v-ing
have/has + been + v-ing

现在完成进行时 have/has + been + v-ing
He him.
We him.
They him.
现在完成进行时 have/has + been + v-ing
He has been calling him.
We have been calling him.
They have been calling him.

点和段的杂交
完成时进行时
过去完成时
段： I had watched it before you came back.
过去现在
过去进行时
点： I was watching it when you came back.
过去现在
过去完成时
段： I had watched it before you came back.
过去现在
过去进行时
点： I was watching it when you came back.
过去现在
过去完成进行时
点 + 段： I had been watching it until you came back.
过去现在
I had been watching it until you came back.

have( 一般过去时 ) + been + v-ing

have( 一般过去时 ) + been + v-ing
had + been + v-ing

过去完成进行时 had + been + v-ing
He it until you came back.
We it until you came back.
They it until you came back.

过去完成进行时 had + been + v-ing
He had been watching it until you came back.
We had been watching it until you came back.
They had been watching it until you came back.

点和段的杂交
完成时进行时
将来完成时
段： I will have watched it by tomorrow morning.
过去现在将来
将来进行时
点： I will be watching TV at 7:00 tomorrow morning.
过去现在将来
将来完成时
段： I will have watched it by tomorrow morning.
过去现在将来
将来进行时
点： I will be watching TV at 7:00 tomorrow morning.
过去现在将来
点 + 段：将来完成进行时
I will have been watching it for a long time by 7:00 tomorrow morning.
将来完成进行时
have( 一般将来时 ) + been + v-ing

have( 一般将来时 ) + been + v-ing
will have + been + v-ing

将来完成进行时 will have + been + v-ing
He it for a long time by 7:00 tomorrow morning.
We it for a long time by 7:00 tomorrow morning.
They it for a long time by 7:00 tomorrow morning.

将来完成进行时 will have + been + v-ing
He will have been watching it for a long time by 7:00 tomorrow morning.
We will have been watching it for a long time by 7:00 tomorrow morning.
They will have been watching it for a long time by 7:00 tomorrow morning.
完成进行时
现在完成进行时： have( 一般现在时 ) + been + v-ing
过去完成进行时： have( 一般过去时 ) + been + v-ing
将来完成进行时： have( 一般将来时 ) + been + v-ing

完成进行时
现在完成进行时： have( 一般现在时 ) + been + v-ing

have / has
过去完成进行时： have( 一般过去时 ) + been + v-ing

had
将来完成进行时： have( 一般将来时 ) + been + v-ing

will have
4
过去和将来的杂交
一般将来时
将来进行时
一般过去时
将来完成时
一般过去： She said……
一般将来： She will go to a party.

一般将来： She will go to a party.
一般过去将来： She said that she would go to a party.
一般过去将来时： would + v
一般将来时
将来进行时
一般过去时
将来完成时
将来进行： She will be dancing at 10:00 tomorrow.

将来进行： She will be dancing at 10:00 tomorrow.
过去将来进行： She said that she would be dancing at 10:00 the next day.
过去将来进行时： would + be + v-ing

一般将来时
将来进行时
一般过去时
将来完成时
将来完成： She will have left by next Monday.

将来完成： She will have left by next Monday.
过去将来完成： She said that she would have left by the next Monday.
过去将来完成时： would + have + v-ed

一般将来时
将来进行时
一般过去时
将来完成时
将来完成进行： She will have been watching TV for a whole day by
tomorrow morning.
将来完成进行： She will have been watching TV for a whole day by
tomorrow morning.
过去将来完成进行： She said that she would have been watching TV for a
whole day by the next morning.
过去将来完成进行时： would + have + been + v-ing

一般式进行式完成式完成进行式
现在一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时
v/v(-s/-es) am/is/are v-ing have/has v-ed have/has been v-ing
过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时
v-ed was/were v-ing had v-ed had been v-ing
将来一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时
will v will be v-ing will have v-ed will have been v-ing
过去将来一般过去将来时过去将来进行时过去将来完成时过去将来完成进行时
would v would be v-ing would have v-ed would have been v-ing

时态（最终） 讲义

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时态（最终） 讲义

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Available Formats

零基础 · 逻辑重建所有时态

一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时 过去将来进行时

一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时 过去将来完成时

例句： I love you.

例句： I love you.

与现在有关的时态中，当动词出现在 第三人称单数 后时，要变成三单形式。

China develops China and Russia develop

系动词 √ （ be 动词： am/is/are ）

助动词 √ （ will 除外）

例句： I love you.

例句： I love you.

例句： I love you.

例句： I love you.

构成： be( 一般现在时 ) + v-

构成： be( 一般现在时 ) + v-ing

构成： be( 一般现在时 ) + v-ing

构成： be( 一般过去时 ) + v-ing

构成： be( 一般过去时 ) + v-ing

构成： be( 一般过去时 ) + v-ing

构成： be( 一般将来时 ) + v-ing

例句： I will be watching TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.

构成： be( 一般将来时 ) + v-ing

例句： I will be watching TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.

构成： be( 一般将来时 ) + v-ing

例句： I will be watching TV at 9:00 tomorrow morning.

将来进行时： be( 一般将来时 ) + v-ing

构成： have( 一般现在时 ) + v-

构成： have( 一般现在时 ) + v-

构成： have( 一般现在时 ) + v-

构成： have( 一般过去时 ) + v-

构成： have( 一般过去时 ) + v-

例句： She had left before he came.

构成： have( 一般过去时 ) + v-

例句： She had left before he came.

构成： have( 一般将来时 ) + v-

构成： have( 一般将来时 ) + v-

例句： She will have left by next Monday.

构成： have( 一般将来时 ) + v-

例句： She will have left by next Monday.

She has lived here since 1985.

She said that she had lived here since 1985.

She will have lived here for 20 years by next year.

现在完成时： have( 一般现在时 ) + v-ed

将来完成时： have( 一般将来时 ) + v-ed

将来完成时： have( 一般将来时 ) + v-ed

I have been calling him.

I have been calling him.

have( 一般现在时 ) + been + v-ing

I have been calling him.

have( 一般现在时 ) + been + v-ing

have/has + been + v-ing

I have been calling him.

I have been calling him.

He has been calling him.

We have been calling him.

They have been calling him.

I had been watching it until you came back.

I had been watching it until you came back.

have( 一般过去时 ) + been + v-ing

I had been watching it until you came back.

have( 一般过去时 ) + been + v-ing

had + been + v-ing

I had been watching it until you came back.

时态（最终）讲义

时态（最终）讲义

一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时过去将来进行时

一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时过去将来完成时

与现在有关的时态中，当动词出现在第三人称单数后时，要变成三单形式。

过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时

将来一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时

过去将来一般过去将来时过去将来进行时过去将来完成时过去将来完成进行时