CELLULAR RESPIRATION

DEFINITION OF TERMS
CATABOLISM - metabolic breaking down of food is mostly
facilitated in energy releasing or exergonic process

CELLULAR RESPIRATION - cells trap and release chemical bonds

step by step in a series of chemical reactions
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ----> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

AEROBIC RESPIRATION - with Oxygen

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION - without Oxygen
 THREE MAJOR STAGES OF
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
1.GLYCOLYSIS
2.KREBS CYCLE
3.ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
GLYCOLYSIS
- Process wherein the 6-Carbon
sugar, glucose is broken down
into 2 molecules of pyruvate or
pyruvic acid.
GLYCOLYSIS
- Takes place in the cytoplasm
- Proceeds even in the absence
of Oxygen
 PHOSPHOGLYCERALDEHYDE

BIPHOSPHOGLYCERATE
GLYCOLYSIS
MATERIAL C6H12O6
PRODUCTS 2 NADH
2 PYRUVIC ACID
4–2 ATP = 2 ATP
PREP STEP/PYRUVIC ACID OXIDATION
Three-carbon pyruvic acid loses CO2 and hydrogen ion
forming 2-carbon acetyl group
PREP STEP/PYRUVIC ACID OXIDATION
Each acetyl group will combine with coenzyme A
(CoA) resulting to formation of Acetyl-CoA molecules.
PREP STEP/PYRUVIC ACID OXIDATION
These 2 molecules will enter the Krebs Cycle to begin
the aerobic phase of respiration.
PREP STEP/PYRUVIC ACID OXIDATION
MATERIAL 2 PYRUVATE
PRODUCTS 2 CO2
2 NADH
2 ACETYL COA
KREBS CYCLE (CITRIC ACID CYCLE)

A series of chemical
reactions that takes
place in the presence of
Oxygen inside the
MATRIX of mitochondria.
HANS KREBS
 KETOGLUTARIC
OXALOACETIC ACID
ACID

SUCCINIC
ACID
KREBS CYCLE
MATERIAL 2 ACETYL
PRODUCTS 4 CO2
6 NADH
2 ATP
2 FADH2
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
Inner membrane of mitochondria - where the electron
transport chain takes place
Electrons travel from carrier to carrier moving toward
the lower energy level of final electron acceptor, which
is oxygen.
Aerobic respiration cannot proceed without oxygen.
+
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
MATERIAL 10 NADH
2 FADH2
PRODUCTS 6 H2O
32 ATP
 ATP PRODUCED IN CELLULAR RESPIRATION PATHWAYS

PATHWAYS ATP PRODUCED ATP CONSUME

Glycolysis 4 ATP -2ATP

Pyruvic acid oxidation

Krebs Cycle 2 ATP

ETC (3ATP per NADH (EXCEPT FOR

GLYCOLYSIS W/C IS EQUIVALENT TO
2ATP) and 2ATP per FADH2 )

2NADH (g) 4 ATP

2NADH (pao) 6 ATP

6NADH (kc) 18 ATP

2FADH2 (kc) 4 ATP

Gross ATP produced 38 ATP

ATP used -2 ATP

Net ATP Produced 36ATP

FERMENTATION

THE ANAEROBIC HARVESTING

OF ENERGY FROM FOOD
FERMENTATION
● chemical process by which molecules such as
glucose are broken down anaerobically.
● process at least 10,000 years old.
● Louis Pasteur used the term fermentation in a
narrow sense to describe the changes
brought about by yeasts and other
microorganisms growing in the absence of air
(anaerobically)
https://www.britannica.com/science/fermentation
TWO TYPES OF FERMENTATION

1. LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

2. ETHANOL OR ALCOHOL
FERMENTATION
ASSIGNMENT:
● Study the following topics.
○ Photosynthesis

○ Cellular Respiration

○ Fermentation
● Summative Assessment next meeting :>