Angles formed when

two parallel lines are

cut by a transversal
OBJECTIVES:
1. identify the angles formed by parallel
lines cut by a transversal;
2. derive the relationship among
angles formed by parallel lines cut by a
transversal; and
3. find the measure of the angles
formed by parallel lines cut by a
transversal.
Angles formed when two parallel lines are cut by a transversal

Two lines are parallel if they lie on the same plane and do not
intersect. Alternatively, two lines are parallel if the distance
between them remains the same throughout.

Euclid used the following definition of parallel lines.

Lines m and n are parallel

if ∠x +∠y =180°.
Notation: m // n
It is not easy to do an exploratory activity for parallel lines
unless the students can draw parallel lines accurately. This
is where a geometry computer software becomes useful.

However, Euclid’s definition can be used to enable the students

to sketch a more precise illustration of parallel lines. Then the
other properties of parallel lines can be explored.

If two parallel lines are cut by a third line called a

transversal, then eight angles are formed.
 Same-Side Exterior angles:
Angles 1&7, 2&8
Same-Side Interior angles:
Angles 3&5, 4&6

Alternate Exterior angles:

Exterior angles: Angles 1&8, 2&7
Angles 1, 2, 7, 8
Alternate Interior angles:
Interior angles: Angles 3&6, 4&5
Angles 3, 4, 5, 6
Vertical Linear Pairs Corresponding
angles angles
∠1 & ∠2 ∠5 & ∠6 ∠2&∠6
∠1 & ∠4
∠2 & ∠3 ∠1&∠5
∠1 & ∠3 ∠5 & ∠7 ∠4&∠8
∠5 & ∠8
∠2 & ∠4 ∠6 & ∠8 ∠3&∠7
∠6 & ∠7
∠3 & ∠4 ∠7 & ∠8
Corresponding angles:
Upper right: Angles 2&6
Upper left: Angles 1&5
Lower right: Angles 4&8
Lower left: Angles 3&7
 What do you observe
about the measure of
corresponding angles?
∠2≅∠6
∠1≅∠5
∠4≅∠8
∠3≅∠7
alternate
interior
angles:
Angles 3&6
Angles 4&5
What do you observe about the measures
of alternate interior and alternate exterior
alternate
angles?
exterior
angles: ∠3≅∠6
Angles 2&7 ∠4≅∠5
Angles 1&8 ∠1≅∠8
∠2≅∠7
 Same-Side Exterior angles:
Angles 1&7, 2&8
Same-Side Interior angles:
Angles 3&5, 4&6

What do you observe about the measures of

same-side interior and same-side exterior angles?
∠1 +∠2=180, but ∠7 ≅ ∠2, then ∠1+∠7=180.
∠7 +∠8=180, but ∠7 ≅ ∠2, then ∠2+∠8=180.

∠3 +∠4=180, but ∠4 ≅ ∠5, then ∠3+∠5=180.

∠5 +∠6=180, but ∠4 ≅ ∠5, then ∠4+∠6=180.
Corresponding angles – a pair of non-adjacent
interior and exterior angles on the same side of a
transversal.
Alternate interior angles – a pair of non-adjacent
interior angles on opposite side of a transversal.
Alternate exterior angles – a pair of non-adjacent
exterior angles on opposite side of a transversal.
Same-side interior angles – interior angles on the
same side of a transversal.
Same-side exterior angles – exterior angles on
the same side of a transversal.
 Activity 12
Angles Formed when Two Parallel Lines
are Cut by a Transversal
Draw parallel lines g and h. Draw a transversal j so that it forms
an 80º angle line with g as shown. Also, draw a transversal k so
that it forms a 50º angle with line h as shown. Use your
protractor to find the measures of the angles marked with letters.
 Activity 12
Angles Formed when Two Parallel Lines
are Cut by a Transversal

100º
100º
100º
100º

130º
130º 50º
80º
130º 80º 50º
130º 80º 50º
 Activity 12

In both cases, compare the measures of the:

a) corresponding angles Measures are equal

b) alternate interior angles Measures are equal
c) alternate exterior angles. Measures are equal
What did you observe?
Corresponding, alternate interior and alternate
exterior angles are congruent.
 Activity 12

Complete the statements below:

When two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then

congruent
a) The corresponding angles are __________________.
b) The alternate interior angles are _______________.
congruent
c) The alternate exterior angles are _____________.
congruent
 Activity 12

I. Questions to ponder:
Use the figure below to answer the following questions:
1. If lines x and y are parallel and z is a transversal,
what can you say about the any two angles
a) which are both encircled?
congruent
b) both of which are non-encircled?
congruent
c) one encircled and one non-encircled?
supplementary