Are there atoms present inside your

body?

Do you have molecules inside your

body?
 Chemical elements in
Biomolecules
L.O.: Will be able to analyse the chemical elements that
make up biological molecules.
Can you define “Biomolecules”
Which are the different groups of nutrients or
biomolecules needed for your growth?
 Biological molecules
A large, organic molecule present inside a living organism.
Biological molecules are important in organisms to build structures and
for use in metabolic reactions.
1. Carbohydrates
These all contain carbon and so
2. Proteins are described as organic
molecules
3. Lipids (fats and oils)
4. Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
 Which are the elements present in these
Biomolecules?

Protein
Carbon, Hydrogen,
Carbohydrate Oxygen, Nitrogen
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Carbon,
s Hydrogen, Oxygen
 Group activity 15 minutes

Discuss about the biomolecules carbohydrates, proteins and

fats.
Decide among your group
Elements present inside. member which topic each one
of you are going to find out and

Examples compile all as one and post in

‘General’

Function 5 minutes

Sources from where we get these biomolecules.

Carbohydrates, Fats
& Proteins
L.O.: Will be able to evaluate how larger
molecules are made from smaller molecules
Monomers and polymers
Monomer
• A molecule that is a building block for larger molecules
(polymers).
Polymer
• A large molecule made of repeating subunits (monomers).
Carbohydrates
What did you
understand from
these pictures?
 Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates are made up of many sugar molecules,
containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
• Glucose is a small sugar molecule (monosaccharide).
• Body use glucose for energy.
• When 2 glucose molecules join together maltose is formed
 (a disaccharide)
 Carbohydrates
• When many glucose molecules bind together in a chain cellulose,
starch and glycogen can be made.
• Cellulose is used for structure and makes up plant cell walls.
Whereas starch and glycogen are stored in cells and used in
respiration to provide energy for the organism.
• Starch is stored in plants, whereas glycogen is stored in animals.
 Name the monomer

Lipids Glycerol and

3 fatty acids
 Lipids are divided
into fats (solids at
room temperature)
Lipids and oils (liquids at
room temperature)

• Fats and oils are made up of glycerol and fatty acids.

• The fatty acids vary in size and structure.
• It contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
• Fats have a variety of roles in organisms including
insulation, energy, waterproofing, structure and protection
around delicate organs.
 Proteins
• Proteins are made up of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and
sulphur.
• These elements make up amino acids, which bind together in a
chain to make proteins.
• Different arrangements of amino acids make up different proteins
and form different shapes.
• Enzymes and antibodies are examples for protein.
Monomer of protein – amino acid
 General structure of amino acids
• Proteins are long chains of amino acids.
• There are about 20 different amino acids
They all contain the same basic structure but the ‘R’ group is different for each
one.
• The amino acids can be arranged in any order, resulting in hundreds of thousands
of different proteins
• Even a small difference in the order of the amino acids results in a different protein
being formed and the shape often has an important effect on the function of the
protein
 Complete the Table given below
Biomolecule Monomer Elements Examples

Carbohydrates Monosaccharide   Glucose,Starch,Cellulos

e

  Amino Acid   Enzymes,Antibodies

Lipids