March 1

3rd Periodical Exam

 John Dalton

In 1803, English Chemist-Physicist John Dalton started the

use of symbols in representing the atoms of different elements.
PERIODIC TABLE HISTORY
01
Antoine Lavoisier

The earliest attempt to classify the elements was in 1789, when Antoine
Lavoisier grouped the elements based on their properties into gases, non-
metals, metals and earths.
02
Jons Jacob Berzelius

In 1818, he determined precise atomic weights for 45 of the known 49

elements, and by the end of his career he had characterized several new
chemical elements, including thorium, silicon, cerium and zirconium
03
Johann Dobereiner

• In 1828, he noted that each group of elements invariably consists of three elements.

• He said that if the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, the
average masses of the lightest and heaviest was very close to the atomic mass of the
middle member.

• He called each group, a triad.

04
John Newlands

• An English chemist, made another observation about the similarities among some
elements.

• He noted that elements starting from hydrogen, the lightest element, are arranged in
order of increasing atomic mass, every eight element had similar properties.

• He likened this relationship to the musical scale.

• He called this periodic recurrence of elements with similar properties as the law of
octaves.
05
Lothar Meyer

• In 1869, German chemist Lothar Meyer devised a classification of elements

into a table that accounted for the periodic variations in properties.

• He arranged the elements into sets of eight in order of increasing atomic

number.

• He noted periodicity in the physical properties of the elements having vacant

spaces where an elements yet to be discovered will fit.

• His table included 56 elements.

 06
Dmitri Mendeleev

• A Russian chemist, made independent observations on the relationships of elements.

• He arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass.

• On his table, he left gaps and predicted that new elements will be discovered to fill them.

• He also predicted the properties of these undiscovered new elements based on their position
in his table.

• On his arrangement, he paid attention to periodicity in chemical properties.

07
Henry Moseley

In 1912, Henry Moseley, an English physicist showed that periodicity was

a function of the atomic number than atomic mass.
 Generalization

Our present periodic table are now constructed using atomic number as the
basis of arranging the elements and the periodic law stated as, the physical
and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their
atomic numbers. This periodic recurrence of properties is emphasized by
arranging the elements in a table such that elements with similar properties
are aligned in a vertical column. This arrangement called the Periodic Table.