RESEARCH

CHARACTERISTICS,
PROCESS and ETHICS
Let’s have a review…

What have you learned on the previous lesson?

 HAVE FUN!
4-Pics-One-Word (Research Edition)
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A G E E G T
Y L N T I O
 _______
A R E T O C
Y L S P I S
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C V E T O H
A L WM I S
Purposes of Research
The purpose of research is to serve man.
The goal of research is the good life. Good and Scates, p.9

To satisfy man’s craving for more understanding,

To improve his judgment,
To add to his power,
To reduce the burden of work,
To relieve suffering, and
To increase satisfactions in multitudinous ways
– these are the large and fundamental goals of research.
Good and Scates, p.15
Characteristics of Research
Empirical
Research is based on direct
experience or observation by
the researcher.
Characteristics of Research
Logical
Research is based on valid
procedures and principles.
Characteristics of Research
Cyclical
Research is a cyclical process
because it starts with a problem
and ends with a problem.
Characteristics of Research
Analytical
Research utilizes proven
analytical procedures in
gathering the data, whether
historical, descriptive, and
experimental and case study.
Characteristics of Research
Critical
Research exhibits careful and
precise judgment.
Characteristics of Research
Methodical
Research is conducted in a
methodical manner without
bias using systematic
method and procedures.
Characteristics of Research
Replicability
The research design and
procedures are repeated to
enable the researcher to
arrive at valid and conclusive
results.
Research Ethics
“Research ethics” refers to the moral principles guiding
research from its inception through to completion and
publication of results.
Ethical issues concerning research
participant:
1. Seeking consent
2. Providing incentives
3. Seeking sensitive information
4. The possibility of causing harm to participants
5. Maintaining confidentiality
Ethical issues relating to researcher:
1. Avoiding bias 
2. Using appropriate research methodology
3. Correct reporting
4. Using information
5. Avoiding plagiarism
IT’S UNETHICAL!
1. A professor requires his students to participate in his research in
exchange of getting a good grade in his subject.
2. A researcher enquires university students to fill out a questionnaire
about their sexual practices.
3. A researcher deletes some of the data he collected in order to favor
his own hypothesis.
4. A researcher modified the school lunch diet for her study without
telling the parents of the students.
Evaluate your learning.
1 – 3. Give at least 3 purposes of research.
4 – 7. Give at least 4 characteristics of a good research.
8 – 15. Enumerate the research process in a correct
order.
16 – 20. Give at least five ethics to be followed in
conducting research.
WANTING TO LEARN MORE…
1. Make a graphic organizer showing the differences
between the following:
- research vs. inquiry
- research vs. problem-solving

2. List down some hindrances to scientific inquiry.