10th

GRADE

GRADE 10
MATHEMATICS
VENN DIAGRAMS

Prince Matt Joseph P. Fernandez

 COMBINATIONS VS PERMUTATIONS

● Both are ways to count the possibilities

● The difference between them is whether order matters or
not
● Consider a poker hand:
○ K♦, A♥, 7♣, 10♠, 8♠
● Is that the same hand as:
○ K♠, 8♠, 7♣, A♥, K♦
● Does the order the cards are handed out matter?
○ If yes, then we are dealing with permutations
○ If no, then we are dealing with combinations
PERMUTATIO
N
 PERMUTATIONS
A permutation is an ordered arrangement of the
elements of some set S
Let S = {a, b, c}
c, b, a is a permutation of S
b, c, a is a different permutation of S
An r-permutation is an ordered arrangement of r
elements of the set
A♦, 5♥, 7♣, 10♠, K♠ is a 5-permutation of the set of
cards
The notation for the number of r-permutations: P(n,r)
The poker hand is one of P(52,5) permutations
 PERMUTATION
• Number of poker hands (5 cards):
– P(52,5) = 52*51*50*49*48 = 311,875,200
• Number of (initial) blackjack hands (2
cards):
– P(52,2) = 52*51 = 2,652
• r-permutation notation: P(n,r)
– The poker hand is one of P(52,5)
permutations
COMBINATIO
N
 COMBINATIONS
● What if order doesn’t matter?
● In poker, the following two hands are
equivalent:
○ A♦, 5♥, 7♣, 10♠, K♠
○ K♠, 10♠, 7♣, 5♥, A♦

● The number of r-combinations of a set with n

elements, where n is non-negative and 0≤r≤n
is:
 EXERCISE 1
Evaluate
A committee of 5 people is to be chosen from a group of 6 men and 4 women. How many
committees are possible if

a) there are no restrictions?

b) one particular person must be chosen on the

committee?

c) one particular woman must be excluded from the committee?

 EXERCISE 1
Evaluate
A committee of 5 people is to be chosen from a group of 6 men and 4 women. How many
committees are possible if

a) there are no restrictions?

b) one particular person must be chosen on the

committee?

c) one particular woman must be excluded from the committee?

 EXERCISE 2
Evaluate
A committee of 5 people is to be chosen from a group of 6 men and 4 women. How many
committees are possible if:

d) there are to be 3 men and 2 women?

e) there are to be men only?

f) there is to be a majority of women?

 EXERCISE 2
Evaluate
A committee of 5 people is to be chosen from a group of 6 men and 4 women. How many
committees are possible if:

d) there are to be 3 men and 2 women?

e) there are to be men only?

f) there is to be a majority of women?

 EXERCISE 3
Evaluate
If 4 Maths books are selected from 6 different Maths books and 3 English books are
chosen from 5 different English books, how many ways can the seven books be arranged
on a shelf if:

Maths and English books alternate

A Maths is at the beginning and an English book

is in the middle of the shelf
 EXERCISE 3
Evaluate
If 4 Maths books are selected from 6 different Maths books and 3 English books are
chosen from 5 different English books, how many ways can the seven books be arranged
on a shelf if:

Maths and English books alternate

A Maths is at the beginning and an English book

is in the middle of the shelf
 EXERCISE 4
Evaluate
In a hand of poker, 5 cards are dealt from a regular pack of 52 cards.

In how many of these hands are there:

4 Kings?

2 Clubs and 3 Hearts?

 EXERCISE 4
Evaluate
In a hand of poker, 5 cards are dealt from a regular pack of 52 cards.

In how many of these hands are there:

4 Kings?

2 Clubs and 3 Hearts?

 EXERCISE 4
Evaluate
In a hand of poker, 5 cards are dealt from a regular pack of 52 cards.

In how many of these hands are there:

all Hearts?

all the same colour?

 EXERCISE 4
Evaluate
In a hand of poker, 5 cards are dealt from a regular pack of 52 cards.

In how many of these hands are there:

all Hearts?

all the same colour?

VENN DIAGRAMS
 VENN DIAGRAMS
Problem:

Out of 500 surveyed students, 225 liked pop music, 215 liked rock music, 175 liked country music, 90 liked pop
and country music, 125 liked pop and rock music, 110 liked rock and country music and 50 liked pop, rock, and
country music.

If a student is selected at random from this group, what is

the probability of
choosing a student who liked
I) country music?
E) rock music only?
V) pop and country music?
U) pop or rock music?
R) rock but not country?
G) pop or rock or country music?
L) pop and rock and country music?
 VENN DIAGRAMS
Problem:

Out of 500 surveyed students, 225 liked pop music, 215 liked rock music, 175 liked country music, 90 liked pop
and country music, 125 liked pop and rock music, 110 liked rock and country music and 50 liked pop, rock, and
country music.

If a student is selected at random from this group, what is

the probability of
choosing a student who liked
I) country music?
E) rock music only?
V) pop and country music?
U) pop or rock music?
R) rock but not country?
G) pop or rock or country music?
L) pop and rock and country music?
VENN DIAGRAMS
 VENN DIAGRAMS
Problem:

In a junior high school completing class of 510 students, 110 are on the
Science, Technology and Engineering (STE) Program. Of these, 78 of the STE
Program students and 112 of the non-STE program students will take STEM
as their senior high school track. A student is selected from the class, what
is the probability that the student chosen will:

a) take STEM as their senior high school track?

b) not take STEM and on the Science, Technology and Engineering

Program?

c) take STEM or on the Science, Technology and Engineering Program?

 VENN DIAGRAMS
Problem:

In a junior high school completing class of 510 students, 110 are on the
Science, Technology and Engineering (STE) Program. Of these, 78 of the STE
Program students and 112 of the non-STE program students will take STEM
as their senior high school track. A student is selected from the class, what
is the probability that the student chosen will:

a) take STEM as their senior high school track? 19/51

b) not take STEM and on the Science, Technology and Engineering

Program? 16/255

c) take STEM or on the Science, Technology and Engineering Program? 37/ 85

 VENN DIAGRAMS
Problem:

Out of the 45 books in the bookshelves, 18 are mathematics books, 10 are

science books, 9 are history books and 8 are story books. If you pick one
book at random, what is the probability that it is a science or mathematics
book?

28/45
Two fair dice are rolled once. What is the probability of getting a sum that
is
greater than 6 but less than 9?
11/36
 VENN DIAGRAMS
Problem:

There are 22 apples and 24 oranges in a basket. If a fruit is picked at random,

what is the probability of picking an apple?
11/23

Find the probability of getting at least 2 heads in tossing a coin thrice?

1/2
Find the probability of choosing the letter M or the letter E from the word
“MATHEMATICS”.
3/11

A box contains 8 black marbles, 12 white marbles, and 5 yellow marbles. If a

marble is drawn at random, what is the probability of getting a black or a
white marble?
4/5
THANK YOU