WELCOME

TO
BBS
AWARENESS TRAINING

05/10/23 1
BBS AWARENESS TRAINING
 BEHAVIOUR BASED SAFETY

• In most Industries 85 – 95% of the incidents

occur due to at risk Behaviour.

• There may be unsafe acts or conditions and

other reasons contributing to incidents.

• However Behaviour is also one of the

underlying causes.

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 2

 BEHAVIOUR BASED SAFETY

By Eliminating
At risk Behaviour
Incidents can be reduced

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 3

 TERMS and DEFINITIONS

•Antecedent •Steering Committee

•Behaviors •Observers
•Consequence •Management
• At-Risk Behaviors Sponsor
• Safe Behaviors •Facilitator
• Critical Behaviors •Observation
• Inventory of Critical
Behaviors (ICB)

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 4

 WHAT IS AN OBSERVATION

• An observation is an interaction process where

the observer will look at the actions carried
out by an observed person usually for a period
of about 5-10 minutes
• After the observation the observer will
interact with the the observed person
indicating safe behaviors and at risk
behaviors.

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 5

 BEHAVIOUR BASED SAFETY

Behaviour

AN
OBSERVABLE
ACT

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 6

 BEHAVIOR BASED SAFETY – FLOW CHART

MANAGEMENT SPONSOR

DATA MANAGEMENT

%Safe

PROBLEM SOLVING
STEERING COMMITTEE TASK TEAM
OBSERVERS
DATA COLLECTION/
ICB®
FEEDBACK
15-25 BEHAVIOURS

NO SNEAKING UP
NO NAME/NO BLAME
SAFE & AT-RISK
WHAT & WHY
WORKERS
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 7
 WHO WILL CARRY OUT
OBSERVATIONS
• Trained observers from different plants/
departments .
• So far 25 persons are trained observers. More
will be trained in due course of time.

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 8

 NO NAME NO BLAME

• Will the employee be blamed if there are any “At-

Risk behaviors”
» Answer is “ NO ”
• The whole purpose of this observation process is
to ensure an interactive process which focuses on
behaviors and not on persons.
• That is the reason we never call it unsafe behavior
but prefer to call it “At-Risk behaviors”
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 9
 WHAT ARE CRITICAL
BEHAVIORS
• We have developed a list of behaviors which
are the causes of many accidents in our plant

• This list is called Inventory of Critical

behaviors or ICBs

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 10

 INVENTORY OF CRITICAL
BEHAVIORS
• Body Position
• Body Use
• Tools/Equipments
• Procedures
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Environment
• Other

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 11

 INVENTORY OF CRITICAL
BEHAVIORS
• Body Position
– Line of fire
– Pinch / Nip point
– Eyes on path
– Eyes on Task
– Ascending / Descending

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 12

 INVENTORY OF CRITICAL
BEHAVIORS
• Body Use
– Lifting &Lowering, Pulling & Pushing
– Overextended / Cramped
• Tools &Equipments
– Select/condition/ Use / Storage
– Vehicle select/condition/use (e.g. Forklift,
Truck, etc)
– Barricades & warnings
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 13
 Inventory of Critical behaviors

• Procedures
– Work Permit/Authorisation
– Communication of Hazards.
– Pre/post job inspection

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 14

 Inventory of Critical behaviors

• Personal Protective Equipment

– Head
– Eyes / Face
– Hearing
– Respiratory
– Hand / Arm
– Body
– Fall
– Foot
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 15
 Inventory of Critical behaviors

• Environment
– Walking/working surfaces
– House keeping

• Other
– Others ( based on specific job, assignment,
etc)

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 16

 Problem solving

• A database will be created based on the

observations and this will generate areas of
strengths and weaknesses.

• Once problem areas are identified, if the

solution to the problem cannot be found
during the interaction process a problem
solving team will analyze and arrive at
solutions.
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 17
 Four Elements of the Observation
Process
1. Identify 2. Gather Data
Critical
Behaviors

4. Use
3. Provide Feedback
Data to Remove
Barriers
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 18
FND – 22
 Role of employees

• Attend awareness training scheduled by the

Facilitator.
• Have a willingness to be observed when
approached by the observer
• Be willing to give suggestions on
improvements within an observation.

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 19

 Roles and Responsibilities of an
Observer
• Attend training organized for Observers.
• Attend observer group meetings on a regular
basis.
• Consult the facilitator/ Steering Committee in
case of any clarifications regarding the
program

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 20

 Roles and Responsibilities of an
Observer
• Carry out observations as per the assigned
schedule and send the observation forms to
the Safety dept.
• Be polite and courteous to the persons being
observed.
• Since this is a “No name- No blame”
methodology refrain from making direct
references to particular individuals. Behave in
a friendly manner
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 21
 Roles and Responsibilities of an
Observer
• Be truthful and sincere in your observations
and make a meaningful contribution to the
observation program.
• Always provide positive feedback.
• Ensure that your “AT Risk” Behaviour is zero
so as to act as a role model to the persons being
observed.
• Provide suggestions/feedback for improvement
on the ICBs, data sheets and the program as a
whole to the Facilitator.
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 22
 BARRIES TO CONTINUOUS
SAFETY IMPROVEMENT

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 23

 BARRIES TO CONTINUOUS
SAFETY IMPROVEMENT
 Hazard Recognition and Response
 Business Systems
 Rewards/Recognition
 Facility and Equipment
 Disagreement on Safe Practices
 Personal Factors
 Culture
 Personal Choice

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 24

 BARRIES TO CONTINUOUS
SAFETY IMPROVEMENT
• Hazard Recognition and response

Inexperience

Habituation

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 25

 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Maximum
Anxiety Hazard Recognition Habituation
and Response

Concern

Knowledge
and skills

Hazard Novice Veteran

Recognition
and Response
TASK FAMILIARISATION
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 26
 BARRIES TO CONTINUOUS
SAFETY IMPROVEMENT
• BUSINESS SYSTEMS
 Efficiency

 Reliability

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 27

 BARRIES TO CONTINUOUS
SAFETY IMPROVEMENT
 ACCOUNTABILITY
 REWARDS / RECOGNITION
 FORMAL
1. Performance evaluation
2. Piecework
 INFORMAL
1. peer pressure
2. production focus
 WRONG SAFETY FOCUS

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 28

 BARRIES TO CONTINUOUS
SAFETY IMPROVEMENT
 FACILITIES
1. Design
2. Installation
 EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 29

 BARRIES TO CONTINUOUS
SAFETY IMPROVEMENT
 DISAGREEMENT ON SAFE
PRACTICES
1. Values
2. Perceptions
3. Communication
 PERSONAL FACTORS
1. Selection
2. Impairment

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 30

 BARRIES TO CONTINUOUS
SAFETY IMPROVEMENT
 CULTURE
1. Organisational/Subgroup Values
2. Success of Change Efforts
3. Holding Safety Hostage

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 31

 SAFETY
POLICIES
TRAINING SLOGANS

FEWER
REPRIMANDS REGULATIONS
ACCIDENTS
?

SAFETY COMMITTEES
MEETINGS CONTESTS AND COUNCILS
AND AWARDS
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 32
 SAFETY
ACTIVITIES

FEWER
AT-RISK BEHAVIOURS

FEWER
ACCIDENTS

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 33

 Medical Treatment
Fatalities
First Aid
Lost Time Accidents
Near Misses

At-Risk Behaviours

We 05/10/23
focus on eliminating At-Risk Behaviours
BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 34
 TIMING: IF THE CONSEQUENCE
HAPPENS
Is It Experienced…

Sooner…

or Later?
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 35
 The Safety Cycle
Action Action
Injury Rate

Upper Limit

Lower Limit

Withdrawal
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 36
 WHAT INFLUENCES BEHAVIOUR?

BEHAVIOUR

ATTITUDES ORGANISATIONAL
(Internal Guide)
CULTURE
(External Guide)

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 37

 A-B-C ANALYSIS
Antecedent
Anything which precedes and triggers behaviour

Behaviour
An Observable Act

Consequence
Anything which directly follows from the behaviour

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 38

 A-B-C Analysis
Antecedent
•Goggles don’t fit
• Goggles are in poor condition

Behaviour
• Worker fails to wear goggles when grinding

Consequence
• Comfort
• Better vision
• Exposure to Injury
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 39
 A-B-C Analysis
Antecedent
• Goggles don’t fit
• Goggles are in poor condition

Behaviour
• Worker fails to wear goggles when grinding

Consequence
• Comfort
• Better vision
• Exposure to Injury
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 40
 Consequences

Safe Behaviour

?
.
Antecedents

At-risk Behaviour

Consequences
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 41
 TO REDUCE AT-RISK
BEHAVIOUR:
IMPROVE • ANTECEDENTS
• CONSEQUENCES

BY CHANGING • ATTITUDES
• ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE

THROUGH • FEEDBACK
• COOPERATIVE PROBLEM
SOLVING
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 42
 Antecedent
• Comes Before Behaviour
• Triggers Behaviour

Behaviour
• An Observable Act

Consequence
• Comes After Behaviour
• Changes Likelihood Behaviour
Will Happen Again
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 43
 A B C
Not available Failure to wear Injury
Peer pressure face shield Discipline
In a hurry Saves time
No one else does Comfort
Lack of training Convenience
Time of day Peer approval
Scratched/Dirty Better vision
Risk Perception
Anticipation of
consequences
05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 44
 B C Timing Consistency Sig.

Failure to wear Injury S U –

face shield Discipline S/L U –
Saves Time S C +
Comfort S C +
Convenience S C +
Peer approval S C +
Better vision S C +

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 45

How to Reduce At-risk Behaviour

• Eliminate Antecedents
• Get New Face Shields

• Eliminate Positive Consequences

• Locate Face Shields
Near Work Stations

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 46

 One powerful way of
influencing
Behaviour is feedback.

Feedback is information
about performance
in relation to a goal.

Feedback is a consequence.

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 47

 CONCLUSION

05/10/23
?
BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 48
 BY ELIMINATING

AT RISK BEHAVIOUR

INCIDENTS CAN BE REDUCED

05/10/23 BBS AWARENESS TRAINING 49

 THANK YOU

05/10/23 50
BBS AWARENESS TRAINING