Statistics

and
Probability
MA. KRISTINA JANE A. LUSTRIA
Pre-Service Teacher
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The random variable X is best described by a normal distribution

with =30 and =6. Find the z-score that corresponds to the following X
values:
1. X=47

2. X=26

3. X=35

4. X=21

5. X=33
 Applying
the Normal Curve Concepts in
Problem Solving
OBJECTIVES

At the end of the 50-minutes lesson, the students are expected to:

1. Understand the concept of the z-score; and

2. apply the normal curve in solving word problems.

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Formula to be used when sample size is not given:

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Formula to be used when sample size is given:

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The scores of a group of students in a standardized test are normally

distributed with a mean of 60 and standard deviation of 8. Answer the
following.

1. How many percent of the students got below 72?

2. What part of the group scored between 58 and 76?

3. If there were 250 students who took the test, about how many
students scored higher than 64?

4. How many percent of the students got above 65?

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Solution.

1. How many percent of the students got below 72?

z = = = = 1.5

A = 0.5000 + 0.4332
=0.9332 or 93.32%

Therefore, about 93.32% of the group got below 72.

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2. What part of the group scored between 58 and 76?

z = = = = -0.25

z= = = =2

A = 0.0987 + 0.4772
= 0.5759 or 57.59%

Thus, there were 57.59% of the students who scored between 58

and 76.
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3. If there were 250 students who took the test, about how many
students scored higher than 64?
z=
A=0.5000-0.1915
=
=0.3085
=
250(0.3085) = 77.125 or 77
= 0.50

If there were 250 students took the test,

77 students got a score higher than 64.

Note: For values of z above 3.09, use 0.4999 for the area.
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4. How many percent of the students got above 65?

z = = = = 0.63

A = 0.5 – 0.2357

= 0.2643 or 26.43%

Thus, there were 26.43% of the students who got above 65.
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The average time it takes a group of college students to complete a

certain examination is 46.2 minutes. The standard deviation is 8
minutes. Assume that the variable is normally distributed.

a. What is the probability that a randomly selected college student

will complete the examination in less than 43 minutes?

b. If 50 randomly selected college students take the examination,

what is the probability that the mean time it takes the group to complete
the test will be more than 43 minutes?
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a) Given:
x = 43 minutes
μ = 46.2 minutes
σ=8

Solution:
P(x < 43)=?
z=

=
Thus, the probability that a randomly
selected college student will
= -0.40 complete the test in less than 43
minutes is 34.46%.
P(x < 43) = P(z < -0.40)

= 0.5000 – 0.1554

= 0.3446 or 34.46%
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b. If 50 randomly selected college students take the examination, what is the probability that the mean
time it takes the group to complete the test will be more than 43 minutes?
Given:
x = 43 minutes
μ = 46.2 minutes
σ=8 P(x > 43) = P(z > -2.83)
n = 50
=0.5000+0.4977
Solution:
z= = 0.9977 or 99.77%
=
= Thus, the probability that 50 randomly
selected college students will complete the
= test in more than 43 minutes is 99.77%.

= -2.83
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Activity.
Directions: Analyze the given problem below and answer the following question.
Sketch a normal curve. (1 whole)
The entrance examination scores of incoming freshmen in a state
college are normally distributed with a mean of 78 and a standard
deviation of 10. What is the probability that a randomly selected student
has a score:
a. below 79?
b. below 76?
c. between 75 to 80?
d. above 95?
e. What is the probability that the 45 randomly selected
freshmen can have a mean of greater than 76?
f. If there were 220 students who took the test, about how many
students scored higher than 95?
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Directions: Analyze the given problem below and answer the following question.
Sketch a normal curve. (1 whole)
The entrance examination scores of incoming freshmen in a state
college are normally distributed with a mean of 78 and a standard
deviation of 10. What is the probability that a randomly selected student
has a score:
a. below 79?
b. below 76?
c. between 75 to 80?
d. above 95?
e. What is the probability that the 45 randomly selected
freshmen can have a mean of greater than 76?
f. If there were 220 students who took the test, about how many
students scored higher than 95?
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a) Given:
x = 79
μ = 78
σ = 10

Solution:
P(x < 78) = ?
z=

= 0.1
Thus, the probability of a
P(x < 78) = P(z < 0.1) randomly selected student to
= 0.5000+0.0398
have a score of less than 78
is 53.98%.
=0.5398 or 53.98%
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b) Given:
x = 76
μ = 78
σ = 10

Solution:
P(x < 76) = ?
z=

=
Thus, the probability of a randomly
= -0.2
selected student to have a score less
than 76 is 7.93%.
P(x < 78) = P(z < -0.2)

= 0.0793 or 7.93%
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c) Given:
x₁ = 75
x₂ = 80
μ = 78
σ = 10 z=

Solution: =
P(75 < x < 80) = ?
= 0.2

z= P(75 < x < 80) = 0.1179 + 0.0793

= = 0.1972 or 19.72%

= Thus, the probability of a randomly selected

student to have a score between 75 and 80
is 19.72%.
= -0.3
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d) Given:
x = 95
μ = 78
σ = 10

Solution:
P(x > 95) = ?
P(x > 95) = P(x > 1.7)
z=
= 0.500 – 0.4554
= = 0.0446 or 4.46%

= Thus, the probability of a randomly selected student to

have a score above 95 is 4.46%.
= 1.7
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e) Given:
x = 76
μ = 78
σ = 10
n = 45 =

= -1.34
Solution:
P(x > 95) = ? P(x > 76) = P(x > 1.34)
z=
= 0.4099 + 0.5000
=
= 0.9099 or 90.99%
=
Thus, the probability that the 45 randomly
selected freshmen can have a mean of greater
than 76 is 90.99%.
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f) Given:
x = 95
μ = 78
σ = 10 P(x > 95) = P(x > 1.7)
n=?
Solution: = 0.500 – 0.4554
P(x > 95) = ?
= 0.0446 or 4.46%
z=
0.0446(220) = 9.812
= = 10 students

= Thus, if there were 220 students took the

= 1.7 test, 10 students got a score higher than 95.
.
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Assignment.

The average time it takes a group of high school students to complete a

certain examination is 45 minutes. The standard deviation is 5 minutes.
Assume that the variable is normally distributed.

a. What is the probability that a randomly selected college student

will complete the examination in less than 45 minutes?

b. If 25 randomly selected college students take the examination,

what is the probability that the mean time it takes the group to complete
the test will be more than 45 minutes?
THANK
YOU !